一种基于WRCE-CSP的运动想象电位识别方法

针对脑一机接口系统中运动想象脑电信号（Electroencephalography,EEG）的模式识别问题,提出了加权节律成分提取（WeightedRhythmicComponentExtraction,WRCE）与共空间模式（CommonSpacePattern,CSP）相结合的特征提取方法,并使用Fisher线性判别分析进行分类。采用2003年的BCI竞赛数据Datasetm对该方法进行评估,测试数据的分类正确率达到86．13％,比使用传统CSP方法进行特征提取时的分类正确率提高了5．71％,表明该方法可有效地应用于运动想象EEG的模式识别中。     

基于神经网络的光标上下移动EEG信号分类方法

脑电信号（EEG）是研究脑活动的一种重要的信息来源,基于脑电信号的人与计算机的通信已成为一种新的人机接口方式。在此主要通过时域回归方法对BCIⅡ竞赛数据进行EEG信号去噪预处理,运用6阶AR参数提取脑电特征作为神经网络的输入,最后用Matlab 7.0进行仿真,得到分类正确率为90%。实验表明,该方法可以达到很好的分类效果。     

基于Hilbert-Huang变换的思维脑电分类技术研究

研究基于Hilbert-Huang变换的思维脑电分类方法.对思维脑电信号进行Hilbert-Huang时频预处理,经经验模式分解后,得到多阶固有模态分量.然后将经HHT变换后的时频窗口内的振幅标准差作为不同心理作业信号特征,再应用K-近邻对思维脑电信号进行分类决策.通过对Colorado州立大学EEG研究中心的三类思维脑电心理作业样本进行分类,平均正确率达到82.54%.经Hilbert-Huang变换得到的脑电信号特征,可以作为思维脑电分类的有效依据.     

基于小波变换的运动想象脑电信号分类

在脑-机接口的研究中,针对运动想象的两种思维任务的脑电信号的特征提取,提出了一种基于小波包变换的特征提取方法。该方法利用想象运动中,脑电信号Mu/Beta节律事件相关同步化/去同步化特性,采用BCI2003竞赛数据,输入Matlab的Classify分类函数进行分类,正确率达到88.57%。     

P300 Speller中基于权值重采样的 ABSVM字符识别方法研究

 P300 Speller是脑-机接口中重要的信息交互方式,由于其诱发的脑电特征信噪比较低与训练样本量庞大等问题,常规的线性识别算法和支持向量机等非线性识别算法难以获得理想的识别效率.本文引入了一种基于权值样本重采样过程的Adaptive Boosting SVM(ABSVM)方法,在大样本集上利用AdaBoost重采样方法建立一系列小样本子集,在其上训练支持向量机并将其集成后进行识别.对6位受试者P300 Speller字符辨识实验的脑电特征识别结果发现,该方法能够显著提高字符识别效率,在合并使用5次重复刺激特征的情况下字符识别准确率达到97.5%.使用国际脑机接口竞赛数据库数据进一步验证,在合并使用5次重复刺激特征的情况下该方法识别正确率较竞赛报告的最优方法提高7.35%,最大信息传输速率的提高达到48.9%.研究结果表明,ABSVM方法能够有效提高P300 Speller的识别效率和信息传输速率,值得进一步研究和发展.     

CSSD＋AAR模型在脑电信号处理中的应用

针对BCI技术中的脑电信号处理方法和事件相关去同步化的特点,提出了一种结合时、频、空域的特征提取方法。结合CSSD和AAR模型来提取脑电特征,并对基于AAR模型系数的特征提取方法进行了探讨,最终选择卡尔曼平滑算法提取模型系数,然后将提取的特征用简单的线性分类器进行分类。实验结果表明测试集的分类正确率达到了94．08％,而且这种特征提取方法有很好的时间分辨率,适合于在线分类。这是一种正确率高,时间分辨率高,适合在线分类的好方法。     

一种新的基于小波包分解的EEG特征抽取与识别方法研究

为了提高脑思维任务分类精度,提出一种新的脑电特征抽取与识别方法.首先进行小波包分解,然后结合能反映脑电信号在时域与频域上的能量分布特征的小波包熵概念,从小波包库中选择最优小波包基,对各个最优基所对应的小波系数求取统计特性,然后根据不同脑思维任务下左右半脑各导联间的差异性对各个导联对求取不对称率构成分类特征向量,最后利用SVM分类器对其进行分类.实验结果表明:相对于一般的小波包分解,最优小波包基和自回归特征抽取方法,该方法对5类不同脑思维任务的所有10种不同组合任务对的平均分类预测精度可以达到95.41％～99.65％.     

基于核典型相关分析的语音情感识别研究

语音是人类表达思想和感情交流最重要的工具,是人类文化的重要组成部分。语音情感识别作为情感计算中的重要课题已经成为国际上的研究热点,受到越来越多的关注。已有神经科学研究表明,大脑是产生调节情感的物质基础。因此,在语音情感的研究中,我们不能仅考虑语音信号自身,还应将大脑的活动信号融入语音情感识别中,以实现更高准确率的情感识别。基于上述思想,本文提出了一种基于核典型相关分析（KCCA）的语音特征提取方法。该方法将语音特征与脑电图（EEG）特征映射到高维希尔伯特空间,并计算二者的最大相关系数。KCCA将语音特征在高维希尔伯特空间上向与脑电特征相关性最大的方向投影,最终得到包含脑电信息的语音特征。本文方法将与语音情感相关的脑电信息融入语音情感特征提取中,所提特征能够更准确的表征情感。同时,本方法在理论上具有良好的可迁移性,当所提脑电特征足够准确与具有代表性时,KCCA建模得到的投影向量具有通用性,可直接用于新的语音情感数据集中而无需重新采集和计算相应的脑电信号。在自建语音情感数据库与公开语音情感数据库MSP-IMPROV上的实验结果表明,使用投影语音特征进行语音情感分类的方法优于使用原始音频特征...     

卷积神经网络在脑疲劳检测中的研究

脑疲劳是由于持续进行脑力劳动导致的一种状态，脑电被认为是脑疲劳状态检测的最佳工具。如何选取合适的脑疲劳特征成为脑疲劳检测的关键问题，传统模式识别中手动提取特征会产生信息损失，针对脑电的时空特性，本文设计了具有时域卷积核、空间域卷积核的深层卷积神经网络和浅层卷积神经网络两种网络结构，将特征提取和状态分类合二为一，对正常态与疲劳态脑电数据进行分类，可视化了卷积神经网络的空间域卷积核。结果表明，浅层卷积神经网络平均分类正确率为98.868%，深层卷积神经网络平均分类正确率为98.217%，均高于传统分类方法，通过空间域卷积核的可视化，能够了解不同导联在网络中的参与程度，验证了该模型在脑疲劳检测任务中具有很高的有效性，同时为脑疲劳检测提供了新思路。      

色彩感知中的脑电信号多域特征选择算法研究

针对目前在不同色彩感知中的脑电信号识别方面的研究还不多见,本文提出采用随机森林算法对信号的时域特征和频域特征进行最优组合的方法对不同色彩感知中的脑电信号进行识别。首先采用小波变换,对脑电信号进行7层分解,提取脑电信号在delta、theta、alpha和beta节律频带上的小波能量,并结合脑电信号在时域上的统计量偏度和峰度组成特征向量。然后通过基于随机森林的特征选择算法提取最优的特征组合方案,删除冗余的特征量。使用自适应增强算法进行分类识别,识别的平均正确率可达到85.07%。该结果表明使用本文所提出的特征提取与选择方法用于不同色彩感知中的脑电信号识别上是可行的,并且能够取得较好的识别率。      

Real-Time Brain-Computer Interface System Based on Motor Imagery

A brain-computer interface (BCI) realtime system based on motor imagery translates the user's motor intention into a real-time control signal for peripheral equipments. A key problem to be solved for practical applications is real-time data collection and processing. In this paper, a real-time BCI system is implemented on computer with electroencephalogram amplifier. In our implementation, the on-line voting method is adopted for feedback control strategy, and the voting results are used to control the cursor horizontal movement. Three subjects take part in the experiment. The results indicate that the best accuracy is 90%.     

Real-Time Brain-Computer Interface System Based on Motor Imagery

Abstract-A brain-computer interface （BCI） real- time system based on motor imagery translates the user＇s motor intention into a real-time control signal for peripheral equipments. A key problem to be solved for practical applications is real-time data collection and processing. In this paper, a real-time BCI system is implemented on computer with electroencephalogram amplifier. In our implementation, the on-line voting method is adopted for feedback control strategy, and the voting results are used to control the cursor horizontal movement. Three subjects take part in the experiment. The results indicate that the best accuracy is 90%.     

基于可调Q因子小波变换的识别左右手运动想象脑电模式研究

针对识别左右手运动想象脑电图信号(EEG)模式精度和互信息不高的问题,该文采用基于可调Q因子小波变换(TQWT)算法来处理脑电信号。首先,利用TQWT对脑电图信号进行分解;随后,提取子频带信号的小波系数能量、自回归模型(AR)系数以及分形维数;最后,利用线性判别分析(LDA)对提取的脑电特征进行识别。采用BCI2003和BCI2005竞赛数据对所提出的算法进行验证,4名受试者的最高识别率分别为88.11%, 89.33%, 77.13%和78.80%,最大互信息分别为0.95, 0.96, 0.43和0.45。实验结果表明,所提算法取得了高分类精度及互信息值,验证了其有效性。     

Design of electrode layout for motor imagery based brain?computer interface

A simple electroencephalogram (EEG) electrode layout is proposed to implement a motor imagery based brain-computer interface (BCI). The design was derived from investigation of EEG synchronisation in the motor cortex. A significant improvement in BCI performance was obtained in the new system     

Motor imagery and direct brain-computer communication

Motor imagery can modify the neuronal activity in the primary sensorimotor areas in a very similar way as observable with a real executed movement. One part of EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) is based on the recording and classification of circumscribed and transient EEG changes during different types of motor imagery such as, e.g., imagination of left-hand, right-hand, or foot movement. Features such as, e.g., band power or adaptive autoregressive parameters are either extracted in bipolar EEG recordings overlaying sensorimotor areas or from an array of electrodes located over central and neighboring areas. For the classification of the features, linear discrimination analysis and neural networks are used. Characteristic for the Graz BCI is that a classifier is set up in a learning session and updated after one or more sessions with online feedback using the procedure of “rapid prototyping.” As a result, a discrimination of two brain states (e.g., leftversus right-hand movement imagination) can be reached within only a few days of training. At this time, a tetraplegic patient is able to operate an EEG-based control of a hand orthosis with nearly 100% classification accuracy by mental imagination of specific motor commands     

Probabilistic Methods in Multi-Class Brain-Computer Interface

Abstract-Two probabilistic methods are extended to research multi-class motor imagery of brain-computer interface （BCI）： support vector machine （SVM） with posteriori probability （PSVM） and Bayesian linear discriminant analysis with probabilistic output （PBLDA）. A comparative evaluation of these two methods is conducted. The results shows that： 1） probabilistie information can improve the performance of BCI for subjects with high kappa coefficient, and 2） PSVM usually results in a stable kappa coefficient whereas PBLDA is more efficient in estimating the model parameters.     

Optimizing the channel selection and classification accuracy in EEG-based BCI

Multichannel EEG is generally used in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), whereby performing EEG channel selection 1) improves BCI performance by removing irrelevant or noisy channels and 2) enhances user convenience from the use of lesser channels. This paper proposes a novel sparse common spatial pattern (SCSP) algorithm for EEG channel selection. The proposed SCSP algorithm is formulated as an optimization problem to select the least number of channels within a constraint of classification accuracy. As such, the proposed approach can be customized to yield the best classification accuracy by removing the noisy and irrelevant channels, or retain the least number of channels without compromising the classification accuracy obtained by using all the channels. The proposed SCSP algorithm is evaluated using two motor imagery datasets, one with a moderate number of channels and another with a large number of channels. In both datasets, the proposed SCSP channel selection significantly reduced the number of channels, and outperformed existing channel selection methods based on Fisher criterion, mutual information, support vector machine, common spatial pattern, and regularized common spatial pattern in classification accuracy. The proposed SCSP algorithm also yielded an average improvement of 10% in classification accuracy compared to the use of three channels (C3, C4, and Cz).     

BCI Competition 2003--Data set Ia: combining gamma-band power with slow cortical potentials to improve single-trial classification of electroencephalographic signals

In one type of brain-computer interface (BCI), users self-modulate brain activity as detected by electroencephalography (EEG). To infer user intent, EEG signals are classified by algorithms which typically use only one of the several types of information available in these signals. One such BCI uses slow cortical potential (SCP) measures to classify single trials. We complemented these measures with estimates of high-frequency (gamma-band) activity, which has been associated with attentional and intentional states. Using a simple linear classifier, we obtained significantly greater classification accuracy using both types of information from the same recording epochs compared to using SCPs alone.     

An Algorithm for Idle-State Detection and Continuous Classifier Design in Motor-Imagery-Based BCI

Abstract-The development of asynchronous brain-computer interface （BCI） based on motor imagery （M1） poses the research in algorithms for detecting the nontask states （i.e., idle state） and the design of continuous classifiers that classify continuously incoming electroencephalogram （EEG） samples. An algorithm is proposed in this paper which integrates two two-class classifiers to detect idle state and utilizes a sliding window to achieve continuous outputs. The common spatial pattern （CSP） algorithm is used to extract features of EEG signals and the linear support vector machine （SVM） is utilized to serve as classifier. The algorithm is applied on dataset IVb of BCI competition Ⅲ, with a resulting mean square error of 0.66. The result indicates that the proposed algorithm is feasible in the first step of the development of asynchronous systems.