炭黑N115填充胶料动态性能及生热特性研究

试验研究炭黑N115用量对SBR／BR胶料动态性能和生热特性的影响。结果表明，胶料tanδ随着温度的升高而减小；0℃左右的tanδ在炭黑用量40～70份范围内随炭黑用量的增大总体呈增大趋势，在70～90份范围内则呈减小趋势；炭黑用量为70份时胶料的湿抓着性最佳；60℃左右的tanδ随炭黑用量的增大总体呈增大趋势；胶料损耗模量和生热率随温度的升高而减小，随炭黑用量的增大而增大。     

间苯二甲酰肼对NR胶料性能的影响

研究了间苯二甲酰肼(IDH)对不同组分NR胶料性能的影响。结果表明,加入IDH的用量1份时,胶料的硬度、弹性及定伸应力略有提升,拉伸强度变化不大;随着IDH用量的增加,焦烧时间(T_(10))缩短,硫化速度加快,门尼粘度增加,加工性能变差;IDH对不同组分NR胶料动态生热性能的影响因配方而异,炭黑补强体系NR胶料的动态生热受IDH影响较为显著,可以明显降低,而IDH对于白炭黑胶料动态生热无特殊影响;考虑胶料力学性能、加工性能及动态生热性能,IDH适用于NR炭黑补强体系胶料,最佳用量为0.2～0.6份。     

EPDM胶料的性能研究* Ⅰ.炭黑补强EPDM胶料

研究了炭黑品种、用量和硅烷偶联剂Si69的使用等因素对炭黑补强EPDM胶料静态和动态性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜分析了硫化胶的阿克隆磨耗表面,而且使用经改造的固特里奇压缩疲劳实验机测试了胶料内部的动态生热。研究结果表明：炭黑补强EPDM 胶料生热较低,耐热老化性能较好,老化后动态性能有明显的改善;使用硅烷偶联剂Si69处理的炭黑,可显著降低胶料的动态生热;与SBR 载重轮胎胎面胶相比,EPDM胶料具有回弹性好、动态生热较小及老化后性能保持率较高的优点,可用于高温动态下使用的橡胶制品。     

EPDM胶料的性能研究* Ⅰ.炭黑补强EPDM胶料

研究了炭黑品种,和量和硅烷偶联剂Ｓｉ６９的使用等因素对炭黑补强ＥＰＤＭ胶料静态和动态性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜分析了硫化胶的阿克隆磨耗表面,而且使用经改造的固特里奇压缩疲劳实验机测试了胶料内部的动态生热。研究结果表明,炭黑补强ＥＰＤＭ胶料生热较低,耐热老化性能产好,老化后动态性能有明显的改善,使用硅烷偶联剂Ｓｉ６９处理的炭黑,可显降低胶料的动态生热,与ＳＢＲ载重轮胎胎面胶相比,ＥＰＤＭ胶料     

EPDM胶料的性能研究Ⅰ.炭黑补强EPDM胶料

研究了炭黑品种、用量和硅烷偶联剂Ｓｉ６９的使用等因素对炭黑补强ＥＰＤＭ胶料静态和动态性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜分析了硫化胶的阿克隆磨耗表面,而且使用经改造的固特里奇压缩疲劳实验机测试了胶料内部的动态生热。研究结果表明：炭黑补强ＥＰＤＭ胶料生热较低,耐热老化性能较好,老化后动态性能有明显的改善;使用硅烷偶联剂Ｓｉ６９处理的炭黑,可显著降低胶料的动态生热;与ＳＢＲ载重轮胎胎面胶相比,ＥＰＤＭ胶料具有回弹性好、动态生热较小及老化后性能保持率较高的优点,可用于高温动态下使用的橡胶制品     

碳纳米管SL-R07G在载重子午线轮胎中的应用

研究碳纳米管SL-R07G在载重子午线轮胎中的应用。结果表明：与仅添加炭黑的胶料相比，在硬三角胶配方中添加碳纳米管SL-R07G，胶料的交联密度增大、定伸应力明显增大，有助于提高胶料的挺性，延长轮胎使用寿命；通过调整炭黑和碳纳米管SL-R07G的用量，可增大胶料的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率；在胎圈耐磨胶配方中，4份碳纳米管SLR07G与炭黑并用胶料的交联密度变化不大、硬度和定伸应力略增大、导热性能和耐磨性能明显提高；选择合适用量的碳纳米管SL-R07G与炭黑并用，可改善胎圈耐磨胶的生热。     

白炭黑/炭黑并用对溶聚丁苯橡胶/顺丁橡胶复合材料性能的影响

研究了白炭黑分别与3种不同牌号的炭黑并用对溶聚丁苯橡胶/顺丁橡胶(SSBR/BR)复合材料硫化特性、力学性能、压缩生热、耐切割性能、耐磨性能、抗湿滑性能以及动态力学性能等的影响。结果表明,白炭黑与炭黑并用后,胶料的焦烧时间缩短,填料网络结构增强,生热和滚动阻力升高,力学性能提高,玻璃化转变温度降低,耐切割性能和抗湿滑性能下降;随着并用炭黑粒径的增大,胶料的焦烧时间缩短,生热和滚动阻力降低,耐磨性能和抗湿滑性能下降。     

同用量和种类炭黑对热塑性聚烯烃弹性体 胶料性能的影响

研究了不同炭黑份数,不同炭黑类型填充聚烯烃热塑性弹性体的基本电性能和物理机械性能。实验结果表明,胶料电导率随炭黑份数的增加而升高;导电炭黑的粒径越小,其填充胶料的电导率越高;对于导电炭黑高填充胶料,加工助剂硬脂酸锌硬脂酸钙类对胶料的电导率影响不大。     

用橡胶加工分析仪研究填充剂的粘性生热和补强效果

自1912年,炭黑就作为主要填充剂和补强剂被用于橡胶配方中。炭黑的使用对赋予硫化胶理想的补强效果并大大地提高其耐磨性、抗张强度、耐撕裂性、模数和硬度来讲是必不可少的[1]。然而,它的使用亦给硫化胶带来较大的滞后损失和生热,并且在胶料混炼和加工时还大大地增加其粘性生热。因此,准确地测量和研究混炼时由加入每批胶料中的不同炭黑所引起的不同的粘性生热量是重要的。通常,在橡胶混炼时,个别胶料在获得良好的炭黑分散状态之前可能需要2次、3次甚至更多次通过密炼机。对混炼周期持续时间来讲,主要的限制因素由粘性生热来确定。…     

全钢载重子午线轮胎胎肩垫胶配方的优化设计

对全钢载重子午线轮胎胎肩垫胶配方进行优化设计.结果表明,通过减少炭黑用量,加入白炭黑和硅烷偶联剂,不使用增粘树脂,试验胶料的定伸应力提高,对降低胶料的动态和压缩生热有良好作用;配方中使用抗硫化返原剂Perkalink 900,可明显提高胶料抗热降解性能;采用试验胶料试制的成品轮胎耐久性能较好.     

室温硫化聚苯乙烯接枝改性硅橡胶的性能研究

采用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、动态热机械分析(DMTA)和热空气老化的方法,对室温硫化聚苯乙烯接枝改性硅橡胶(PS-PDMS)和硅橡胶(PDMS)的力学性能及耐高低温性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,接枝聚苯乙烯改性硅橡胶的力学性能显著提高,未补强硫化胶的拉伸强度达2.3MPa,白炭黑补强硫化胶的拉伸强度可达4.8MPa;PS-PDMS的结晶熔融峰和阻尼峰值低于PDMS,分别为5℃和8℃,耐低温性能优于PDMS,而耐高温性能远低于PDMS。     

动态硫化BR/EVA/SBS/HIPS热塑性弹性体的增强研究

采用动态硫化法制备了顺丁橡胶(BR)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SBS)/高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)热塑性弹性体(TPE),通过在BR中充填炭黑的方式对复合体系进行增强,对其力学性能及断面微观结构进行了研究。结果表明,对于动态硫化BR/EVA/SBS/HIPS共混型TPE,当BR相中炭黑填充量在0~80phr的范围内,其动态硫化产物均表现出TPE的特征;随着炭黑用量的提高,复合体系的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、邵氏硬度趋于显著提高,断裂伸长率趋于下降,而扯断永久形变则趋于不变;未填充炭黑TPE的拉伸断面上两相界面结合良好;炭黑填充后的TPE的断面起伏较大但平滑,表明弹性较强。     

Effect of some service conditions on the electrical resistivity of conductive styrene–butadiene rubber–carbon black composites

Conductive polymer composites were prepared using vulcanized styrene–butadiene rubber as a matrix and conductive carbon black as a filler. The filler loading was varied from 10 to 60 phr. The volume resistivity was measured against the loading of the carbon black to verify the percolation limit. The electrical conductivity of filled polymer composites is attributed to the formation of some continuous conductive networks in the polymer matrix. These conductive networks involve specific arrangements of conductive elements (carbon black aggregates) so that the electrical paths are formed for free movement of electrons. The effects of temperature and pressure on the volume resistivity of the composites were studied. The volume resistivity of all the composites increased with increase in temperature, and the rate of increase in the resistivity against temperature depended on the loading of carbon black. The change in volume resistivity during the heating and cooling cycle did not follow the same route, leading to the phenomena of electrical hysteresis and electrical set. It was found that the composites with 40 and 60 phr carbon black become more conductive after undergoing the heat treatment. Generally, all the composites showed a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity. The volume resistivity of all the composites decreased with increase in pressure. The relaxation characteristic of the volume resistivity of the composites was studied with respect to time under a constant load. It was found that the volume resistivity of the compressed specimen of the composites decreased exponentially with time. It was observed that initially a faster relaxation process and later a slower relaxation process occurred in these composites. Some mechanical properties of these composites were also measured to confirm the efficacy of these composites for practical applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2179–2188, 2004     

硫化温度对NR高温下拉伸／撕裂性能的影响

采用74个不同的硫化温度硫化NR,并测试其高温下拉伸／撕裂性能、交联密度和炭黑分散情况。结果表明：随测试温度的提高,NR的拉伸强度和撕裂强度均呈现逐渐下降的趋势,且在同-测试温度下,硫化胶的拉伸强度随着硫化温度的升高而逐渐降低;在测试温度小于100℃时,硫化胶的撕裂强度随硫化温度的升高而逐渐升高,测试温度大于100℃时,硫化胶的撕裂强度随硫化温度的升高而逐渐降低。     

硫化胶中炭黑品种的粒径分布鉴别方法

探索炭黑粒径分布与炭黑品种之间的关系,建立通过炭黑粒径分布鉴别炭黑品种的方法。通过热裂解法回收硫化胶中的炭黑,将回收的炭黑加入分散剂制成悬浊液,利用纳米激光粒度分布仪进行粒径分布测试。结果表明,不同品种炭黑粒径分布的峰值和标准偏差不同,同种炭黑粒径分布的峰值和标准偏差在一个较小的范围内波动,这是硫化胶中未知炭黑品种鉴别的依据。本鉴别方法适用于单一炭黑品种硫化胶分析,不适用于并用炭黑及炭黑N774硫化胶分析。     

炭黑硬度对胶料与聚酯帘线粘合力的影响

研究炭黑N330粒子硬度对轮胎胎体胶料物理性能以及胶料与聚酯帘线粘合力的影响.结果表明,随着炭黑N330粒子硬度的增大,胎体胶料门尼粘度、ML/MH,绍尔A型硬度、定伸应力和拉伸强度增大,拉断伸长率减小,焦烧时间和正硫化时间缩短;炭黑N330粒子硬度对硫化胶料与聚酯帘线粘合力影响较大,两者呈正比关系.     

Efficiency of some dinitrodiamines and dinitrodiamides in improving dynamic properties of vulcanized rubber

The effect of some dinitrodiamines and dinitrodiamides on dynamic properties of vulcanized rubber have been investigated. Rubber compounds based on NR/BR were used for these experiments. It has been established that only the use of dinitrodiamines contribute to the increase of impact resilience in comparison with the unmodified compound. The results of carbon gel content assessment suggest that, under given conditions, dinitrodiamides do not form bonds between rubber and carbon black and, therefore, do not influence the dynamic properties of vulcanized rubber. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 1439–1443, 2001     

过氧化物硫化聚醚型聚氨酯混炼橡胶力学性能的研究

研究了过氧化物过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）、双叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯（BIPB）和补强剂（炭黑或白炭黑）对聚醚型聚氨酯混炼橡胶力学性能的影响,讨论了DCP和补强剂用量变化及不同硫化条件对混炼橡胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,DCP硫化混炼胶定伸应力高,永久变形小;BIPB硫化混炼胶硬度和强度高;当DCP用量在1．6份时,混炼胶拉伸强度和撕裂强度最高;提高补强剂用量,混炼胶硬度和定伸应力增加,拉伸强度变化不明显,但永久变形变大。     

Electrothermal study of carbon loaded ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer

Temperature dependence of resistance of carbon black loaded ethylene-vinylacetate (EVA) copolymer was studied from ?100 to 250°C in a modified differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) apparatus. Both room temperature resistivity and positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) effects can be correlated with carbon black parameters (structure, surface area, porosity). Room temperature resistivity and the degree of increase of resistivity, (ratio of maximum to minimum) progressively decrease with carbon black structure if occlusion of polymer by carbon black is considered in calculating the volume fraction. An integrated surface areastructure-porosity equivalence of the carbon black is derived by introducing factors proportional to the volume and porosity of the black used. Any black parameter that increases conductivity (loading, surface area, structure, porosity) decreases the PTC effect. A cable compounder can therefore minimize the undesirable impact of PTC by suitable choice of black-parameters. The necessary considerations for other uses, where PTC effect is used for microswitches, heaters, etc., will be just the opposite. The modified DSC method provides a quick scanning tool for determining the suitability of semicrystalline polymer recipes, either for cable or for any other material using the PTC effect.     

Fluorination of carbon black

The kinetics of the fluorination of carbon black and the properties of the graphite fluoride prepared are discussed in comparison with those of graphite and petroleum coke. An appreciable weight increase is observed in the fluorination of carbon black even at room temperature because of the large surface area. The increment is approximately proportional to the surface area except for the heat-treated carbon black, and more than twice that of adsorption corresponding to the monolayer of fluorine. An iodide ion is oxidized to iodine by the adsorbed fluorine in the products. The reactivity of carbon black with fluorine decreases with increasing the crystallinity, and the product prepared from the lower crystalline carbon black is less thermostable. The reaction kinetics of carbon black with fluorine is similar to that of graphite, but the diffusion controlled regions are not present in the former. The fluorine content of the graphite fluoride prepared increases with decreasing heat-treatment temperature and with increasing reaction temperature. The crystallinity of the product increases with increasing heat-treatment temperature and with increasing reaction temperature. The heat of immersion of the product inn-butyl alcohol is equal to that of polytetrafluoroethylene.