集成电路封装用环氧树脂模塑料性能影响因素研究

主要对集成电路封装用环氧树脂模塑料的性能影响因素进行了研究,采用硅微粉偶联剂处理、高速混合、双辊开炼、冷却粉碎、模压工艺路线,以高纯度邻甲酚醛环氧树脂为基体树脂,以硅微粉为填充剂,用正交实验法对集成电路封装用模塑料进行了配方优化,经过实验分析,获得了较优配方。考察了几个因素对环氧树脂模塑料性能的影响。结果表明,所制备的环氧模塑料性能达到了集成电路封装用模塑料的性能要求。端羧基液体丁腈橡胶对环氧树脂具有明显的增韧作用。     

固化促进剂用量对集成电路封装环氧模塑料固化行为的影响

选用酚醛树脂为固化剂,2-甲基咪唑为固化促进剂,制备了集成电路封装用环氧树脂模塑料。用非等温DSC法研究了固化促进剂用量对环氧模塑料的固化行为的影响,利用Kissinger方程、Crane方程和Ozawa方程计算出了环氧树脂模塑料的固化活化能、反应级数等固化反应动力学参数,推导出了固化过程的凝胶化温度、固化温度、后处理温度等最佳固化工艺条件,为环氧模塑料的配方优化和集成电路封装工艺的制定提供了基础数据。     

固化促进剂种类对集成电路封装材料固化行为的影响

选用酚醛树脂为固化剂,分别以2-甲基咪唑和三苯基磷为固化促进剂,制备了集成电路封装用环氧树脂模塑料。用非等温差示扫描量热（DSC）法研究了固化促进剂种类对环氧模塑料的固化行为的影响,利用Kissinger方程、Crane方程和Ozawa方程计算出了环氧树脂模塑料的固化活化能、反应级数等固化反应动力学参数,推导出了固化过程的凝胶化温度、固化温度、后处理温度等最佳固化工艺条件。     

硅微粉粒径及其匹配对IC封装用环氧模塑料流动性的影响

采用5种不同粒径的球形硅微粉（2、3、5、10、20 μm）,进行级配填充制备集成电路（IC）封装用环氧模塑料（EMC）,运用经典颗粒堆积理论,计算出符合粒度分布方程Dinger-Funk-Alfred的颗粒分布,使用Matlab软件编程计算出最佳的粒径配比方案。根据计算出的最佳粒径配比,混合填充于邻甲酚醛环氧树脂中,经过混炼后,制备出IC封装用EMC,分别用旋转流变仪和毛细管流变仪测定其流变性能。结果表明,不同粒径的硅微粉级配填充到模塑料中,可大大提高EMC的流动性。     

大规模集成电路封装用环氧树脂模塑料制备

主要对集成电路封装用环氧树脂模塑料的配方及工艺进行了研究,采用硅微粉偶联剂处理、高速混合、双辊开炼等,对环氧模塑料工艺流程进行了试验,获得了较佳的工艺条件;以高纯度邻甲酚醛环氧树脂为基体树脂,以硅微粉为填充剂,采用正交试验法对封装用模塑料进行了配方优化,获得了较优配方.结果表明,其性能达到了大规模集成电路封装用模塑料的性能要求.     

DCPD酚型环氧/DCPD苯酚树脂的固化及应用研究

通过DSC分析研究了不同软化点的双环戊二烯(DCPD)酚型环氧与DCPD苯酚树脂在溴化阻燃树脂体系中的固化反应特性并测试了其FR-4覆铜板的性能。结果表明:体系固化反应温度范围较大,DCPD酚型环氧软化点为50,80、90℃时,树脂体系反应活化能分别为98.3,82.3与74.2 kJ/mol。其制成板材的Tg在150℃以上,介电性能良好。随着DCPD酚型环氧树脂软化点的提高,板材玻璃化温度明显提高,高温高压下其吸水率降低,而热分解温度、粘接性及介电性能无明显变化。     

废弃环氧模塑料填充聚氯乙烯的研究

用废弃环氧模塑料粉作为填料,采用模压成型的方法制备了聚氯乙烯（PVC）/废弃环氧模塑料复合材料,研究了废弃环氧模塑料粉的组成和性质及其与PVC的界面黏结情况,分别考察了温度和废弃环氧模塑料粉含量对复合材料力学性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,废弃环氧模塑料粉具有一定的活性,能与极性树脂PVC发生作用而产生界面接枝;在模压温度为200 ℃,废弃环氧模塑料粉含量为60 %（质量分数,下同）时,复合材料的拉伸强度为32.13 MPa,弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为60.70 MPa和4.68 kJ/m2,基本可满足相关产品的要求;随着废弃环氧模塑料粉含量的增加,复合材料的储能模量提高,损耗峰向高温方向移动,且损耗峰形先变宽后变窄。     

基于双马来酰亚胺树脂的高耐热电子封装模塑料制备北大核心CSCD

采用双马来酰亚胺树脂(BMI70)、2,2′-二烯丙基双酚A(DBA)、多官环氧树脂(EPPN501H)和芳烷基型酚醛树脂(MEH78004S)制备了BDEP四元树脂共混物,研究了不同BMI含量对共混物固化行为和热稳定性的影响。以BDEP四元树脂为基体制备了电子封装模塑料,测试了所得模塑料的热性能、力学性能、耐老化性及介电性能,并与商用环氧模塑料(EMC)进行对比。结果表明,选用质量分数1%的2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑作固化促进剂时,BDEP四元树脂的固化放热峰温约为150℃,可在较低温度下成型。通过优化配方,BDEP模塑料固化物的玻璃化转变温度可达242℃,与商用EMC相比提高了约60℃,最大热分解温度可达455℃,同时具有良好的力学强度和介电性能,在高功率电子元器件封装领域具有良好的应用前景。     

铝箔用丙烯酸酯接枝环氧树脂防腐涂料的合成研究

文章通过丙烯酸酯类单体和环氧树脂（E-44）接枝聚合,制备环氧-丙烯酸酯树脂涂料作为铝箔的防腐涂层。同时研究了接枝温度,环氧树脂用量对环氧-丙烯酸酯树脂的透明性的影响;引发剂用量对环氧-丙烯酸酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）和分子量（Mn）的影响;环氧树脂用量对环氧-丙烯酸酯树脂涂膜性能的影响。     

环氧/酚醛/苯并恶嗪三元体系的电子封装应用研究

设计制备了一种联苯型环氧树脂/芳烷基酚醛树脂/二胺型苯并恶嗪树脂三元共混体系,考察了树脂组成、不同促进剂及添加量对三元体系固化行为的影响,并对其电子封装模塑料应用进行了研究。结果表明,三元树脂体系中,联苯型环氧树脂和芳烷基酚醛树脂使固化物具有良好的热稳定性,苯并恶嗪的加入则有效提高了固化物的交联密度、玻璃化转变温度(T_g)以及热分解残留率,同时赋予体系低介电性。固化促进剂的加入使三元体系能够在较低温度下固化成型,满足现有环氧模塑料加工成型工艺。通过配方优化,所得模塑料固化物的T_g可达210℃,起始热分解温度(T_(d5%)) 390℃,同时具有较好的力学性能及低介电性,在功率器件封装领域显示出了良好的应用前景。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。