环保醚酯类增塑剂RPL-1在NBR中的应用

试验研究环保醚酯类增塑剂RPL-1对NBR胶料性能的影响,并与几种常用增塑剂进行对比。结果表明,增塑剂RPL-1的增塑效果与增塑剂DOA,DOS和TP95相近,明显优于增塑剂DOP,且热稳定性较好;其硫化胶的耐寒性能与增塑剂DOA硫化胶相近,物理性能、耐热空气老化性能及耐油性能均与增塑剂TP95硫化胶接近。     

生物基反应性增塑剂大豆油对三元乙丙橡胶增塑效果的研究

探讨大豆油对三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）的增塑效果。大豆油作增塑剂的EPDM胶料比石蜡油作增塑剂的EPDM胶料门尼黏度低,加工性能好。当增塑剂用量小于15份时,大豆油作增塑剂的EPDM胶料物理性能优于石蜡油作增塑剂的胶料。大豆油用量较大时,应提高硫化剂DCP用量。大豆油对EPDM的增塑效果优于石蜡油,其增塑机理符合反应性增塑机理。     

增塑剂TP-95用量对丙烯酸酯橡胶性能的影响

研究醚酯类增塑剂TP-95用量对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)性能的影响,并与增塑剂DOP进行对比.结果表明:增塑剂TP-95的增塑效果优于增塑剂DOP,增塑剂TP-95增塑ACM硫化胶的耐热老化性能较好,耐油性能相当;随着增塑剂TP-95用量的增大,ACM胶料的门尼粘度下降,硫化胶的硬度、100％定伸应力和拉伸强度减小,压缩永久变形无明显变化,耐低温性能和耐油性能显著提高.     

地沟油对天然橡胶性能的影响

将餐饮用地沟油处理后用作天然橡胶(NR)增塑剂,并与大豆油、古马隆树脂和机油对比,研究其对胶料性能的影响。结果表明:地沟油胶料的物理性能与大豆油胶料接近,地沟油增塑效果与大豆油相近;与古马隆树脂和机油相比,地沟油NR胶料硬度减小,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率增大,磨耗量减小,地沟油增塑效果好;地沟油用量为4份的胶料综合物理性能最好。     

环保增塑剂在丁腈橡胶中的应用

系统研究环保增塑剂TP-95,TP-90B,BXA-R,TOTM和DOTP对丁腈橡胶(NBR)综合性能的影响,并与常用的增塑剂DBP进行对比。结果显示:与增塑剂DBP相比,添加增塑剂TP-95和TP-90B的混炼胶的门尼粘度低,增塑效果最佳,耐低温性能优良;添加增塑剂TOTM的硫化胶的耐热性优良,压缩永久变形和热老化后物理性能变化率较小;添加增塑剂BXA-R的硫化胶的综合性能最佳,既具有良好的耐热性能,又具有较好的耐低温和耐油性能。     

NBR/PVC低硬度高速印刷胶辊的研制

介绍NBR／PVC低硬度高速印刷胶辊的配方设计和生产工艺。胶辊的主体材料为并用比65／35的NBR／PVC并用体系，硫化体系为低硫高促硫化体系，增塑体系以增塑剂DOP为主且用量较大。胶料在开炼机上混炼，胶辊在卧式硫化罐中硫化。低硬度高速印刷胶辊硫化胶性能与国外同类产品硫化胶性能基本相当，并达到HG2287—2001标准优等品水平。     

环保芳烃油和增塑剂DBP对履带车辆着地胶块胶料性能的影响

研究环保芳烃油和增塑剂DBP对履带车辆着地胶块胶料性能的影响。结果表明：分别加入环保芳烃油和增塑剂DBP后,胶料的t10延长和门尼粘度降低,加工性能改善,硫化胶的物理性能提高,抗切割性能和耐磨性能略有下降;环保芳烃油和增塑剂DBP对硫化胶的耐热空气老化性能影响不大;与添加增塑剂DBP的胶料相比,添加环保芳烃油的胶料的加工性能较好,硫化胶的物理性能、抗切割性能和耐磨性能较好,压缩生热较低。     

环保型增塑剂ATBC在NBR中的应用研究

研究了乙酰柠檬酸正三丁酯(ATBC)对丁腈橡胶混炼胶硫化特性和硫化胶力学性能的影响,并与增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)的增塑性能进行了对比。结果表明,添加增塑剂ATBC能够降低混炼胶的粘度和硫化胶力学性能。与增塑剂DOP相比,添加增塑剂ATBC的硫化胶增塑效果、耐低温性能以及力学性能均较高。在实验条件下,添加增塑剂DOP的胶料热稳定性要好于增塑剂ATBC。     

硫化剂DCP对NBR/木质素硫化胶性能的影响

研究了用DCP作硫化剂时木质素的用量对NBR胶料硫化特性和硫化胶物理性能的影响,并与硫黄硫化体系进行了对比。试验结果表明,随着木质素用量的增大,NBR胶料的ML和MH增大,t10保持不变,t90有所延长;当木质素用量为50份时,NBR硫化胶的综合物理性能最佳,拉伸强度、定伸应力和撕裂强度均明显高于硫黄硫化胶。动态粘弹特性分析表明,木质素与NBR具有良好的相容性,DCP硫化胶的玻璃化转变温度比硫黄硫为胶约低4℃。综合性能分析认为,硫化剂DCP对NBR／木质素体系具有原位反应相容作用。     

环保橡胶增塑剂HJA0810在工业橡胶板胶料中的应用

研究高芳烃含量的环烷基环保橡胶增塑剂HJA0810(以下简称增塑剂HJA0810)在工业橡胶板胶料中的应用,并与现用机油进行对比。结果表明:与添加机油的胶料相比,添加增塑剂HJA0810的胶料混炼工艺性能和硫化特性相当,硫化胶的物理性能和耐热老化性能提高;随着增塑剂HJA0810用量增大,硫化胶的物理性能和耐热老化性能提高,耐压缩疲劳性能先提高后降低;增塑剂HJA0810可等量或适当增量替代机油应用于工业橡胶板胶料中,改善工业橡胶板胶料的环保性能。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。