集成产品开发中基于BOM的集成技术研究

本文提出了基于BOM的集成产品开发环境的框架，指出了集成产品开发的几种集成方案．通过对BOM在信息系统之间的共享、交换以及信息资源的集成，阐述了BOM在产品开发中的重要作用及基于BOM的集成技术，最后给出应用实例。     

集成产品开发规划的任务调度

在阐述集成产品开发（IPD）任务特点的基础上,研究了集成产品开发任务的耦合性和层次性,建立了分层分布式规划的策略,并引入代价矩阵概念,给出了任务调度模型和相应的匈牙利算法,并用实例演示了计算过程。     

集成产品开发团队的分析与设计

阐述了集成产品开发团队（IPT）的内涵及特征，提出了IPT设计的系统模型，并从团队设计的思想基础，团队的构建原则，团队的管理内容及团队设计和运行工具等4个方面进行了详细分析，文章最后列举了一个实例，说明了集成产品开发团队的应用过程。     

利用集成计算方法迈向虚拟产品开发的道路

 满足功效需求的计算机辅助产品开发过程使得提供新的集成软件产品成为必需.然而,由于对产品开发来说不可少的CAE工具缺乏兼容性和集成度,因此出现了很大的问题.利用虚拟产品开发的概念启发了新的思路,可以消除现今CAE应用中普遍存在的缺陷.以一个汽车制造和机械制造配件供应公司里“技术计算”参与部门的开发过程为例,描述了用以优化开发过程且改善与用户之间数字通信的一种方式.     

产品开发过程与数据集成管理模型的研究

针对目前产品开发过程管理与产品数据管理相互独立,无法实现无缝集成的问题,提出以产品开发过程链为主线,产品配置为辅线,建立产品开发过程中的文档与产品配置之间的映射关系,实现开发过程与产品数据的无缝集成.分析了产品开发过程中的人员、过程、资源等主要元素,建立了各对象模型,建立了面向对象的产品开发过程与产品数据的集成管理模型.     

集成工程师系统中的要求分析处理

产品开发能力是许多Ｄ企业成败的关键。本文介绍了开发前淇遥开发方法学，其中要求的分析处理是个首要问题。本文所介绍的方法学可在一个集成开发工程平台上可视化，这个平学可实现今天可用的和将来的ＩＴ应用系统和ＣＡＤ系统，ＦＥＭ计算系统。     

绿色制造和并行工程的一种集成模式

通过对绿色制造和并行工程２种现代制造模式的分析和比较,提出把绿色制造的思想集成在并行设计系统中的设想,从而建立起一种绿色制造和并行工程的集成模式－嵌套式绿色并行工程,并对该模式下的设计框架和产品需求的拓扑结构进行了探讨。     

开发面向顾客的产品的集成

成功的产品是在顾客需求的基础上开发的。系统考虑顾客要求并将其融入整个开发过程,对新产品的成败至关重要。要达到由顾客驱动这一目标,就要分析顾客的要求是什么,以及他们愿意为之化钱的是什么。新产品应具有什么样的性能和结构,这通过对顾客需求的有效评价可以找到正确的答案。     

开发面向顾客的产品的集成方法

成功的产品是在顾客需求的基础上开发的。系统考虑顾客要求并将其融入整个开发过程，对新产品的成败至关重要。要达到由顾客驱动这一目标，就要分析顾客的要求是什么，以及他们愿意为之化钱的是什么。新产品应具有什么样的性能和结构，这通过对顾客需求的有效评价可以找到正确的答案。     

怎样快速生产出好产品—集成开发概念

产品开发和加工的集成观点需求价值创造链的观念。通用三维ＣＡＤ模型的应用,超越了产品开发的范畴,在生产准备和加工领域也达到了较高的水平。由于快速原型技术,材料和后续过程的改进,快速制造取得了长足的进步。     

Examining the State of Risk Management Research in New Product Development Process

New products are major sources of competitive advantage and success for a manufacturing enterprise. However, not all new product development (NPD) initiatives result in a successful product and are therefore a major cause of wasted resources. Furthermore, NPD processes are becoming increasingly complex and risky due to today’s globalized market and customers’ desire for technologically advanced products. While there has been a significant interest in academia about NPD risks, the existing literature is spread across multiple outlets, making it difficult for any practitioner or researcher to synthesize the current work. This article aims to minimize that gap by providing a comprehensive overview of current research activities in the field of risk management in NPD process in one place. The research design is based on mapping and classification of the existing body of knowledge into the domains of NPD risk analysis and management. The article analyzes the contemporary NPD risk analysis methods on three fronts: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. Based on the review, the article then identifies and discusses several key areas for future research significant to engineering management practices. Finally, an integrated framework is presented to provide a holistic approach toward risk management in the NPD process, followed by the practical implications for engineering managers and practitioners.     

Lean Product Development as a System: A Case Study of Body and Stamping Development at Ford

Abstract:

A systems view of lean product development is presented integrating people, process, and tools. This systems approach was derived from intensive study of Toyota's product development system. Principles and methods based on this systems model of lean product development were applied with great success at Ford Motor Company helping to bring to market a record number of products that helped fuel a rebuilding of the company to financial success and award winning world-class product quality.     

基于PDM的产品开发过程管理方法的研究与实现

分析了产品开发过程与工作流程的关系,提出了产品开发过程分析与改进方法,并且对具体的铁路货车产品开发过程进行了分析与改进。给出了基于Windchill PDM的产品开发过程管理方法,包括用户、组、数据域、产品生命周期、工作流程等定义与实现。经过实践证明,基于PDM的产品开发过程管理方法有很强的实用性,具有广泛的推广应用价值。     

A Multilevel Framework for Lean Product Development System Design

Abstract:

Organizations today face intense and growing pressure to reduce cost, decrease time to market, and maximize stakeholder value in product development (PD). Many organizations have adopted lean product development (LPD) methods in an attempt to improve their PD systems; however, despite two decades of research, there is still much less understanding of the characteristics of effective LPD systems than of effective lean manufacturing systems. LPD systems are complex systems involving multiple organizational levels; however, most LPD research to date has focused only on a single level. There is currently a lack of understanding of the interactions between levels and effective means for managing these interactions. In this article, we propose a multilevel framework designed to capture key LPD system principles at the functional, project, and portfolio levels; tools and practices for implementing principles at each level; and approaches for managing the interactions between levels. A longitudinal case study is used to expand and refine a conceptual framework developed through literature review. Future research should focus on further validating the framework and applying the framework to improve LPD system design.     

Investments for New Product Development: A Break-Even Time Analysis

Abstract

Combining the product-process matrix and cost-volume-profit analysis, we identify a pattern of annual cash flows for new product development (NPD) and name it the New Product Investment Curve (NPIC). A sample of 411 firms provides confirming evidence for the NPIC. On average, firms needed 12 years to recover their initial and subsequent investments for NPD. The break-even time, however, exhibits significant differences across industries depending on the speed of innovation and the cost structure of each industry. Engineering managers in an industry with high R&D and high fixed costs need to prepare for longer break-even times than those in other industries. This article provides implications for the value of cooperation between engineering managers and financial managers in NPD.     

Application of Traditional and Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment in the Product Development Process

It is the nature of problems in quality management to contain elements of uncertainty. The uncertainty of input data is the result of a subjective approach to the interpretation of imprecise information. The aim of this article is to present the application of an effective fuzzification instrument in dealing with different kinds of uncertainty and also the application of natural language to model decision making in quality management. The article shows how the integration of fuzzy logic can assist with the planning of a particular product. First, the traditional Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method was used for the purpose of achieving quality improvement in a boiler (house electric water heater). Second, the QFD method combined with fuzzy logic was used for the same purpose. The preferred quality characteristics were defined using both traditional and fuzzy QFD methods, and results obtained were compared and discussed. The implications of the research for practice and future research are outlined.     

集成产品模型

产品模型作为对产品生命周期中产品信息描述的一种手段，已经成为实现制造自动化的关键技术。本文介绍产品模型的概念及其发展过程，从零件信息描述裙带性和设计过程的逻辑完整性发出，提出了一种基于关系型ＣＡＤ和产品数据管理（ＰＤＭ）系统的集成产品模型，并讨论了该产品模型的特点及基本原理。     

The effect of integrated product development on efficiency and innovation

This study tested the effect of integrated product development (IPD) on the efficiency and innovation displayed in new product development (NPD) projects. IPD refers to the overlap, parallel execution, and concurrent workflow of activities. More than 600 employees from 62 R&D projects in one large hi-tech electronics organisation participated in the study. The degree to which the projects had actual IPD, innovated and worked efficiently were measured using the organisation's data collection system and questionnaires. Analysis was conducted at the project level. Seven regression models, as well as multiple comparison tests, were applied. The findings suggest that IPD is positively associated with efficiency and negatively with innovation. However, the trade-off between efficiency and innovation in NPD projects can be balanced, if the IPD level of implementation is tailored to the NPD project stages. Specifically, to successfully complete an NPD project, the emphasis in early stages must be on innovation so that it can assist teams seeking new ideas. Hence, management should implement a low level of IPD at this point. In later stages efficiency must be emphasised so it assists control, and co-ordination, and consequently, IPD should be implemented intensively.     

Critical Success Factors for New Product Development in Biotechnology Companies

The development of new products has become increasingly critical for the competitiveness of companies, due to increased diversity and variety of products, the reduction of product life cycles, and, primarily, globalization of markets. Thus, the identification and prioritization of critical success factors for developing new products is important, particularly for the high degree of risk and uncertainty involved. The main objective of this article is the identification and prioritization of critical success factors in new product development projects in biotechnology companies in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research method used was a survey questionnaire, which was sent to a sample of 31 biotechnology companies in Minas Gerais state. The principal findings of this research are that interpersonal skills/relationships of the project leader and technical skills are the most critical factors for successful new product development in this industry. The implications for the biotechnology industry in general, as well as for those responsible for managing new product development, are discussed.     

Influence of the Adoption and Use of Social Media Tools on Absorptive Capacity in New Product Development

Abstract:

In this article, we discuss how the adoption and use of social media tools influences new product development (NPD). Our aim is specifically to consider how an organization's absorptive capacity is influenced by using social media tools. Based on a two-phase data collection process comparing the situation before and after adoption of social media tools in three organizations, we conclude that the amount of accessible knowledge and the number of ideas increases as an organization's ability to find and access various sources of intra-organizational expertise increases, thus, increasing knowledge acquisition and assimilation. Consequently, we infer that organizational absorptive capacity rises and is linked to improvement in new product development.