创伤性早期液体复苏的研究进展

严重创伤死亡原因是受多因素相互影响 ,伤后早期大出血、严重休克、窒息是致死的主要原因 ,创伤性休克的治疗是严重创伤救治的关键环节。近年来 ,随着对创伤性休克病理生理过程的深入了解 ,人们对创伤性休克的液体复苏和复苏标准也有了新的认识。限制性液体复苏概述　目前对创伤性休克的救治 ,临床上主张在彻底控制大出血前 ,快速、大量输注液体 ,尽可能将血压恢复到正常水平。但是 ,这种观念一直存在着较大的争议 ,因为这可能会严重扰乱机体对失血的代偿机制 ,并加速机体内环境的恶化。越战时开始应用抗休克裤 (ＭＡＳＴ) ,目的是提高血压 …     

激光传感通信技术的智慧医疗监测系统

将激光传感通信技术应用在智慧医疗监测领域,设计高监测精度、高传输速率的智慧医疗监测系统。利用激光传感技术设计体温测量模块,模块采用F-P腔匹配滤波解调方法,泵浦源发射光产生宽带光在谐振腔生成激光,抵达光栅后原路反射到达F-P腔中心波长解调,光电探测器接收光栅反射光与F-P腔透射光的卷积,获取体温监测信号;激光跳频通信模块FPGA以串口为中介发送、接收医疗数据,模块的ASK基带编码激光调制依据调制激光循环频率随调制信号基带频率的变换的原理,计算可变基频调制信号,实现医疗数据通信传输。得到以下实验结论:体温测量模块能够提升中心波长,节约模块测量人体体温用时;激光通信模块可连续传输医疗数据,运行稳定。     

Nd:YAG倍频激光及其透过飞机挡风玻璃后对兔眼的损伤效应

本文观察Nd:YAG倍频激光对兔眼的急性损伤,照射剂量与视网膜出血性损伤关系,并比较观察该波段激光透过飞机挡风玻璃后的损伤效应.     

大鼠失血性休克所致肠道菌移位的超微形态观察

严重创伤、烧伤、休克、肝切除、胰腺炎、应用免疫抑制剂等多种因素均可引发肠源性感染 ,而肠道菌移位的机制至今尚未完全清楚 ,本实验利用大鼠失血性休克模型 ,观察肠道中细菌移位的过程 ,为探讨肠道菌的移位机制提供形态学基础。材料与方法清洁级雄性Ｓ .Ｄ .大鼠 ,体重 32 9.6± 36ｇ ,参照Ｂａｋｅｒ的方法复制失血性休克 ,通过放出和回输血液使大鼠血压保持在 30ｍｍＨｇ ,持续 70ｍｉｎ ,以回输所有放出血液的方法使动物复苏。在复苏后 0、2、6、1 2、2 4和 48ｈ各处死 1 0只动物 ,对照组不放出和回输血液 ,于插管 70ｍｉｎ后处死 ,分…     

SPECT在肺撞击伤的伤情判定中的应用价值的实验研究

目的:探讨SPECT在兔肺撞击伤的伤情判定中的应用价值。方法:建立兔肺撞击伤模型,采用单光子发射计算机断层显像(SPECT)对兔受撞击后肺损伤伤情进行动态观察。结果:在伤后各时间点,撞击侧(右肺)ROI2 /ROI1 比值显著高于非撞击侧(左肺) (P <0 .0 1)。结论:SPECT不仅可以显示病灶的位置和大小,还可以早期对病情的发展提供有意义的判定。     

空芯光子晶体光纤的塌缩及选择性液体填充

研究了一种空芯光子晶体光纤(HC-PCF)的微孔塌缩特性,所用设备为传统光纤熔接机,对塌缩后的光纤实现了液体的选择性填充。并通过有限元法仿真分析了该空芯光纤在液体填充前后的基本参数:有效折射率、模场有效面积、数值孔径。通过仿真对比发现空芯光纤在中心孔选择性液体填充后非线性效应增大;通过实验得出了最佳光纤塌缩参数为光纤端面距离放电中心距离为50 μm,放电时间800 ms,放电强度为15.5 mA。     

教室实时测温与预警系统

人群相对集中的校园等场所,通常只是在校门口安装了进门测温装置,这虽然有效阻拦了有症状(体温高)的感染者,但仍然会存在以下问题.(1)体温监测的及时性:无法保证后续进入教室的学生在一天中体温都是正常的.(2)体温监测的准确性:虽然门禁测温快速、高效,但是测量的准确性会受外界因素干扰.     

视觉疲劳状态下的生理指标研究

为寻求一种评估视觉疲劳状态的客观方法,进行视觉疲劳实验,对比实验前后人体生理指标的变化。应用BIOPAC公司MP150型多导生理记录仪测量血氧饱和度（SpO2）、体温（SKT）、皮电反应（GSR）、心率（RATE）、心电图（ECG）等多项生理信号,通过方差分析的方法研究人体生理参数在视觉疲劳实验前后变化的显著性。结果表明,人体生理指标的变化与视觉疲劳状态具有一定的相关性,视觉疲劳实验后,血氧饱和度显著上升,而心率显著下降。     

苯卟啉衍生物单环酸A（BPD—MA）在兔血浆中的代谢特性

目的：在体条件下分析兔血浆中的BPD-MA的吸收特性及排出情况,为BPD-MA用于PDT治疗血管性疾病的可行性和时机选择提供依据,方法：动物给药后,在不同时间取血,采取荧光分光光度法测定BPD-MA含量。结果：兔血浆中BPD-MA含量在给药后5min最高,5-20min下降最快,20min后下降幅度减慢,120min趋于稳定,当给药量为5mg/kg时,血药浓度变化最明显,结论：血浆药物浓度与给药浓度有关,随时间的变化呈典型的峰值-快速下降期-平台期。     

兔眼准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术后眼压变化及眼压测量的研究

目的：探讨兔眼在准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（excimerLase in-situ keratomileusis,LASIK)术后眼压的变化及其与影响眼压测量的各因素之间的关系。方法：26兔52眼随机分为对照组和LASIK手术,单盲法,用电子直接眼压计和Schioetz眼压计测量手术前后的眼压,检查中央角膜厚度（central corneal thickness,CCT)和角膜曲率,结果：兔眼手术前后电子直接眼压读数无显著差异;术后电子直接、Shioetz眼压值的差值和切削等值球镜度（D）显著相关。结论：兔眼压后实际眼内压并无变化,术后Schioetz眼压测量的偏低量与切削等值球镜度（D）呈正相关。     

Analysis of Interactions Between Central and Vagal Respiratory Control Mechanisms in Cats

In anesthetized cats, regulation of the duration of inspiration (Ti) and expiration (Te) has been investigated by analyzing the operation of central inspiratory on-and off-switch mechanisms. Using the tracheal pressure (P) generated during airway occlusion at FRC as a measure of central inspiratory activity, and the end-inspiratory pressure (P0ax) as the setting of the off-switch threshold, we considered two indices in the central and lung volume-related control of Ti: (a) P/P0max, an index of central inspiratory contribution to inspiratory off-switching, and (b) 1?P/P0 max' an index of the additional vagal input needed to terminate inspiration. Both indices were found to be independent of PaCO2, varying solely as a function of time from the onset of inspiration. Changes in the relationship between tidal volume (VT) and Ti with variation in body temperature and unilateral vagotomy were attributed to separate effects on the 1?P/P0max vs Ti and 1?P/P0max vs VT relations, respectively. The rapid shallow breathing pattern observed with continuous negative pressure breathing has been explained on the basis of early activation of an inspiratory on-switch mechanism by lung deflation receptors.     

Thin oxide films of silicon by high pressure oxidation

High pressure oxidation of silicon was performed at an oxidation temperature range of 650 to 800°C for thin oxide films with about 300 å thickness. The index of refraction was dependent on an oxidation temperature but independent of the oxidation pressure as 1.475 at 750°C. The dielectric breakdown strength of the oxide film was measured by the voltage ramping,method. The fixed oxide charge about 1.0 × 10¹¹ cm^?2 was also measured from the high frequency C-V measurement. The pulse scanning C-V measurement technique was used to measure the minority carrier generation rate in the depleted surface. The surface generation velocity was slightly dependent on the oxidation temperature and indicated that the fast surface states increased with decreasing oxidation temperature.     

动物实验中红外热成象方法的使用

为探讨动物实验中红外热成象方法应用的可能性，对家兔的全身，某些器官和部位，除去皮毛后的皮肤，以及针灸后家兔一些部位的温度变化进行了红外热图象观察。观察结果显示：（１）自然状态下家兔全身温度由高至低的部位依次为：眼球、耳廓、鼻尖、四肢末端，头部和驱干。（２）眼球表面由边缘向中心温度逐渐变低；除去皮毛后兔的皮肤温度分布均匀，热图象的显示较为理想。（３）针灸穴位后，背部，眼球表面和耳廓出现了不同程度的升     

激光熔覆修复定向凝固镍基高温合金及其拉伸性能

高Al、Ti含量的定向凝固镍基高温合金在传统的修复过程中由于较大的热输入，存在严重的热裂倾向。利用激光热量集中、能量输入小的特点，可以有效控制修复过程中的热输入，从而减小铸造基体的晶界液化和开裂倾向。在优选参数下，可以获得无裂纹的修复组织，并可实现定向凝固组织的连续生长。对修复组织进行热处理，结果表明热处理过程不会促使裂纹产生，也不会影响熔覆层组织的定向凝固特征，但对于其内部γ′相的析出行为及形貌有较大影响，从而影响了沉积层的力学性能。对沉积层的拉伸性能测试表明，无论在常温还是高温(900 ℃)下，沉积层的拉伸性能都达到了铸造基体拉伸性能的80%以上，而且均为塑性断裂，一定程度上满足了实际修复需求。     

光纤光栅原油压力传感器实验及其可靠性研究

介绍并制作了一种光纤光栅高温高压传感器,它由三种金属管组成,中央的弹性金属管将液体的压力转换为管子的机械伸长,周围金属管的长度只随温度变化。光纤光栅的两端分别固定在中央管及周围管的末端,随着压力管内液体压力的增加,光栅的中心波长随之增加,实现了对液压的传感。对该传感器的温度补偿进行了分析,设计了具有相同温度系数的压力传感光栅与温度传感光栅。并对传感器进行了高压实验和高温、高湿存储实验。结果表明,这种压力传感器在0~50 MPa之间灵敏度为31.7 pm/MPa。经过200℃高温存储16 h,及100℃沸水浸泡6 h,波长没有观察到明显衰退现象。     

Effect of Alcohol-Assisted Annealing on the Quality of Silicon Oxide Thin Film

Silicon oxide thin films have been formed by use of the reaction between spin-coated silicone oil and ozone gas at atmospheric pressure and low temperature (250°C). Films formed at this temperature contained Si–OH bonds, owing to inadequate dehydration. To remove the Si–OH bonds at low temperature, the sample was dipped in ethanol at room temperature for 15 min then annealed on a hot plate at 250°C in methanol gas for 30 min. This treatment effectively dissociated the Si–OH bonds. It is believed the Si–OH bonds are replaced by Si-OCH₃ bonds during the alcohol-assisted annealing. The leakage current of the metal-oxide-semiconductor after alcohol-assisted annealing was improved and the hysteresis width was reduced. This indicated that the number of trap sites owing to Si–OH bonds was reduced.     

P-V-T-C equation for epoxy molding compound

The isothermal and isobaric volume shrinkage is measured by a single-plunger-type dilatometer for epoxy molding compound (EMC). This device has been found suitable for measuring volume change of thermosetting materials such as commercial EMC under isothermal and isobaric conditions. Moreover, the degree of cure (conversion) was determined by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Combining volume change and conversion, a mathematic pressure-volume-temperature-cure (P-V-T-C) model is proposed to describe the relationship between volume shrinkage, pressure, temperature and conversion. The P-V-T-C equation can be simply expressed as VS(P,T,C)=F/sub 1/(P,T)/spl middot/C/sup F2(P,T)/. This equation can well describe historical profiles of volume shrinkage under specified isothermal and isobaric states. From the predicted results, volume shrinkage under different pressure levels in any specified temperature can be approximated as and it obeys the principle of linearity. With the help of this model, together with three-dimensional mold filling simulation, engineers will be able to predict warpage and residual stresses for a package after molding.     

Low-Temperature Transport Characteristics and Quantum-Confinement Effects in Gate-All-Around Si-Nanowire N-MOSFET

Gate-all-around n-MOSFETs with Si-nanowire (~7 nm) as the channel body are fabricated and characterized for their low-temperature behavior (~5 K to 295 K). I_DS-V_GS characteristics at low V_DS (~50 mV) exhibit a decrease in current with decreasing temperature in strong inversion up to about ~200 K. However, at high V_DS, drain current reverts to typical temperature behavior, i.e., I_DS increases with the reducing temperature due to the increase in phonon-limited mobility (mu_ph)- It is inferred that, at low V_DS the enhancement in mu_ph at a reduced temperature could be possibly masked by the intersubband scattering on account of subband splitting due to quantum-confinement effects as indicated by subband calculations for nanowire structures.     

Single chamber compact two-phase heat spreaders withmicrofabricated boiling enhancement structures

Presents the thermal performance evaluation of a compact single-chamber two-phase heat spreader. The heat spreader setup has a central evaporator section with integrated fins for cooling along the edges. The evaporator employs a micro-fabricated three-dimensional (3-D) copper structure for enhancing boiling heat transfer. The thermal performance of the system was characterized at various power levels and condenser cooling conditions. The size of the boiling enhancement structure and effects of liquid fill volumes on performance were also investigated. Incorporation of the enhancement structure resulted in an improvement in the spreader thermal performance by decreasing the wall temperature at the evaporator by 8°C, for a power dissipation of 36 W/cm² at an air speed of 1 m/s. The maximum heat flux obtained based on a maximum evaporator temperature of 75°C for an air speed of 1 m/s was 42.5 W/cm². Variation in the liquid fill volume showed negligible effect on the maximum temperature at the evaporator, as long as the enhanced structure was fully flooded     

微针鳍散热器结构参数模拟及优化

通过数值模拟研究了交错式微针鳍散热器的散热效应,分析了针鳍阵列间距和高度对散热器壁温和压降的影响。结果表明,压降随针鳍间距和针鳍高度的减小而呈非线性增加；壁温随针鳍间距的增大而上升,随针鳍高度的增加则呈现出波动趋势。基于上述研究,进一步利用响应表面近似法对微针鳍的横向间距、纵向间距和高度进行了优化,优化后压降最大可降低61.11%。