中国过滤技术的重大进展

介绍了近十年来中国过滤技术的重大进展,特别介绍了平板式过滤洗涤干燥多功能机、筒锥式过滤洗涤干燥多功能机、卧式反应过滤干燥多功能机、旋叶式连续过滤压滤机及过滤机耐腐蚀结构等方面的研发进展。     

筒锥式反应过滤干燥多功能机的研发及其应用

介绍了国内外反应过滤干燥多功能机的概况和筒锥式反应过滤干燥多功能机的研发及其应用 ,特别介绍了该机的最新结构、重大改进和工作原理。     

煤粉干燥过程挥发物释放实验平台的搭建与探讨

从煤粉粒径、干燥温度、反应气氛几个关键因素出发,搭建了一种固定床煤粉干燥实验平台。介绍了该实验平台的组成部分和操作方法,探讨了其与实际磨煤及干燥流程的异同点。该实验平台可模拟磨煤及干燥系统,用于煤粉干燥过程挥发物的释放研究。     

PC/饱和聚酯合金的制备及控制因素

PC/饱和聚酯合金主要采用螺杆挤出造粒方法,作者从原料的干燥、共混工艺等方面对PC/饱和聚酯合金的制备加以简单介绍,并从PC与PBT（或PET）之间的酯交换反应;酯交换反应的催化、抑制等方面对PC/饱和聚酯合金的控制因素进行了重点阐述。     

耙式干燥器的设计

耙式干燥器由于其能耗小,一台设备内可同时完成干燥、反应、混合、粉碎等过程,而得到广泛的应用,但关于这类干燥器的设计和计算方面的报道,国内尚少见。本文扼要介绍了耙式干燥器的结构型式、物料及热量衡算、干燥器尺寸、干燥时间和搅拌功率的计算方法。     

国外干燥近况

本文概述了近年来国外在干燥方面的综述文章及干燥器的分类法,介绍了干燥过程的节能措施,并着重介绍喷雾干燥,流化干燥理论的进展和几种干燥器的国外使用情况。     

真空射流干燥技术在煤泥干燥中的应用研究

介绍了真空射流干燥的工作原理和干燥工艺流程;对比分析滚筒干燥和真空射流干燥的优缺点,并结合应用实践,指出真空射流干燥技术在安全性、环保性、工艺系统、干燥成本等方面均具有突出优点,有着广阔的发展前景。     

回收低浓度磷酸液中的磷生产饲料级磷酸氢钙

介绍采用两级反应法回收低浓度磷酸液中的磷生产饲料级磷酸氢钙的反应原理,考察了中和液p H、干燥条件对产品质量的影响。结果表明,控制中和液p H 5.8~6.0、干燥温度100℃以下、干燥时间1~2 h,所得产品符合GB/T 22549—2008标准,具有良好的经济效益。     

我国化工干燥技术的发展趋势

本文阐述了我国化工干燥的现状和国外干燥技术的新进展。特别对干燥设备的节能方面,介绍了措施及效果。强调了直接接触干燥器的优点,列出了接触干燥和流态化干燥的能耗和投资,并加以说明。     

压缩空气干燥工艺对比

介绍了用于压缩空气干燥的氧化铝的微热再生干燥工艺和余热再生干燥工艺,从制取气体的干燥程度、再生气消耗量、氧化铝使用寿命及机组稳定性等方面比较了两种工艺的技术特点.     

Spray drying water soluble organic dyes: Effect of morphology and crystal habit on process and product properties

Water soluble reactive dyes for cellulose are spray dried from high solids brine slurries and are commercially available in granular form. The physical form, size and structure of the grains directly affects the bulk density, friability and solubility parameters and may be significantly influenced by the parent dye morphology and habit. Isolated dye paste solids and the rheological behaviour of the slurry prior to drying are also affected.The interactions, control and influence of dye morphology and habit on the process, drying and resultant grain properties are discussed.     

Continuous Dyeing of Piece Goods Using Radio-frequency Heating. Part 1-Characteristics of Dielectric Heating in Relation to Continuous Dyeing

Current textile uses of dielectric heating are reviewed and the possible application of radio-frequency (r.f.) heating to continuous dyeing of piece goods is discussed. The contribution of typical dyebath components to r.f. power absorption is described in terms of heating rates of aqueous solutions. The effect of electrolyte concentration upon both r.f. power absorption and drying rate of open-width cotton fabric padded with a reactive dye is discussed.     

Interaction Between Pt(acac)2 and Alumina Surfaces Studied by XAS

The anchoring and decomposition mechanisms of platinum(II) bis-acetylacetonate on alumina surfaces are studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the platinum L_III edge. A distinction is made between highly reactive surfaces which are partially dehydroxylated and exhibit coordinatively unsaturated surface sites, and deactivated surfaces which are covered by a monolayer of OH groups. The samples are studied after three stages of a wet impregnation synthesis: after drying at room temperature, drying at 120 °C and calcination at 350 °C. The XANES signal and the filtered EXAFS signals of the first and second coordination shells around platinum were analyzed. Two different mechanisms are discussed for the two types of supports.     

Spray drying water soluble organic dyes: I72 I72 V 2 Effect of morphology and crystal habit on I72 I72 V 3 process and product properties I72 I72 V 3

Water soluble reactive dyes for cellulose are spray dried from high solids brine I72 I72 V 2 slurries and are commercially available in granular form. The physical form, size I72 I72 V 3 and structure of the grains directly affects the bulk density, friability and solubility I72 I72 V 3 parameters and may be significantly influenced by the parent dye morphology I72 I72 V 3 and habit. Isolated dye paste solids and the rheological behaviour of the slurry I72 I72 V 3 prior to drying are also affected. I72 I72 V 3The interactions, control and influence of dye morphology and habit on the I72 I72 V 2 process, drying and resultant grain properties are discussed. I72 I72 V 3     

聚丙烯酸钠作为陶瓷坯体添加剂的研究

在不同工艺条件下合成了一系列不同相对分子质量的聚丙烯酸钠,并将之应用于陶瓷坯体浆料中。研究了聚丙烯酸钠对陶瓷泥浆流动性、触变性及坯体干燥强度的影响,探讨了其作用机理。通过与其他常用减水剂的对比研究表明,聚丙烯酸钠是一种较好的陶瓷减水剂,解凝范围较宽,而且对坯体干燥强度有一定的增强作用。     

Modeling Moisture Transport from a Portland Cement-Based Material During Storage in Reactive and Inert Atmospheres

Monolithic samples of a cement mortar were stored in reactive (100% CO₂) and inert (100% N₂) atmospheres at three levels of relative humidity (23, 48, and 98%). Atmospheric conditions were monitored and the mass of each sample was measured periodically over a period of 88 days. Carbonation depth of split samples was delineated using 1% phenolphthalein solution. In addition, a solid-liquid isotherm was developed by drying smaller monoliths over eight hygroscopic salt solutions in 100% N₂ until a constant mass was obtained. Isotherm experimental data was used to parameterize a two-regime moisture transport model based on previously developed drying approaches. This first-order model accounts for both funicular moisture transport and isothermally controlled drying in a fixed porous matrix. Kinetic drying data for the cement mortar was described adequately by simulation of mean relative saturation as a function of drying time and external relative humidity. Comparison of moisture transport in the inert atmosphere to that in the reactive atmosphere indicates that matrix drying had a substantial effect on the carbonation depth; however, drying was seemingly independent of the carbonation process.     

Fundamental Research on Drying Process in Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS

Some results of our fundamental research on drying processes are summed up in this article. It consists of three parts: (1) Multistage fluidized bed drying, including particle flowing characteristics, heat and mass transfer between particles and drying medium, drying characteristics of drying materials; (2) Impinging stream drying, the flowing and drying characteristics of a vertical impinging stream dryer, one-stage and multistage semi-circular impinging stream dryer and combined vertical and semi-circular impinging stream dryer are discussed; (3) The effects of rapid transient heat and mass transfer on drying processes, such as time and space scales for nonFourier or nonFickian and influence of extreme heat and mass transfer are also discussed.     

Fundamental Research on Drying Process in Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,CAS

Abstract

Some results of our fundamental research on drying processes are summed up in this article. It consists of three parts: (1) Multistage fluidized bed drying, including particle flowing characteristics, heat and mass transfer between particles and drying medium, drying characteristics of drying materials; (2) Impinging stream drying, the flowing and drying characteristics of a vertical impinging stream dryer, one-stage and multistage semi-circular impinging stream dryer and combined vertical and semi-circular impinging stream dryer are discussed; (3) The effects of rapid transient heat and mass transfer on drying processes, such as time and space scales for nonFourier or nonFickian and influence of extreme heat and mass transfer are also discussed.     

Deep-Bed Grain Drying - A Review of Particular Theories

ABSTRACT

Theories developed for explaining the drying phenomena in grain drying systems are referred to as particular grain drying theories. The objectives of this paper are to review various particular grain drying theories and to suggest directions for future research in this area.

Grain drying models are classified as non-equilibrium, equilibrium, and logarithmic type. Four non-equilibrium models (stationary bed, cross-, concurrent-, and counter-flow) were reviewed. Under low temperature and low airflow conditions, drying in a stationary deep-bed occurs at near equilibrium. The derivation of an equilibrium grain drying model and its necessary assumptions were discussed. Logarithmic models were developed and applied by many researches mostly to low temperature drying in stationary deep-beds. A semi-empirical thin-layer equation is commonly used in the reported grain drying models. The inclusion of this equation is an important factor, that determines the cognitive and practical values of a grain drying model. Due to this equation, the discussed models lack the capability of explaining the drying process by the laws of diffusion and the mathematical theory of drying solids. The computer simulation of grain drying systems can provide information for design and improvement of grain drying systems.     

Influence of the reactivity of the amorphous part of mechanically activated alite on its hydration kinetics

The hydration of one mechanically activated alite passing through different drying procedures is examined by heat flow calorimetry and quantitative in-situ XRD analysis. The reactivity of the alite powders is strongly affected by the drying technique. It is shown that the reactivity of the amorphous part of the activated alite sample is particularly affected. Due to the fast initial dissolution of the amorphous “alite” part, the hydration progression is speeded up significantly. However, if the hydration is not speeded up by the amorphous “alite” dissolution, as in the case of surface passivation, the heat released until the transition to the deceleration period will increase. It is discussed that a crystalline alite dissolution by etch pit opening could increase the reactive alite surface and therefore increase the reaction degree at the transition to the deceleration period.