70Cu—30Ni合金海水腐蚀产物膜形成过程

本文研究了７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金海水暴露不同时间腐蚀产物膜特征和成分变化。研究表明，该合金腐蚀产物膜内存在的一个富Ｎｉ区随着暴露时间延长而变宽且Ｎｉ的富集程度增加，富Ｎｉ腐蚀产物膜充当阳极，从而保护基体，长期暴露所形成的腐蚀产物膜出现裂纹或沟，这是由于膜下基体在这些位置存在结构或成分的变化使膜的生长速度减慢或者内应力导致膜的破裂，随着外层膜的溶角与脱落，原裂纹或沟成为凸出条纹，凸出条纹中Ｎｉ与Ｃｕ     

微量硼对70Cu－30Ni合金组织和性能的影响

利用ＥＭＰＡ，ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ和电化学测试等研究手段对加硼７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金的组织、力学性能、耐蚀、耐磨蚀性能进行了系统的研究，结果表明，加硼后，７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金的强度提高，塑性略有下降；耐蚀性有一定程度的改善；耐磨蚀性能明显提高．     

微量硼对70Cu—30Ni合金组织和性能的影响

利用ＥＭＰＡ，ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ和电化学测试等研究手段对加硼７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金的组织、力学性能、耐蚀、耐磨蚀性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明，加硼后，７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金的强度提高，塑性略下降，耐蚀性有一定程度的改善；耐磨蚀性能明显提高。     

70Cu－30Ni合金焊管的组织和耐蚀性

用电子探针，扫描电镜，静态腐蚀和电化学测试等研究方法对７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金焊管的组织和耐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明：随拉制退火过程的进行，焊区成分、组织逐渐均匀化，腐蚀速率降低；近缝区腐蚀速率明显高于焊管基材。成品焊管比无缝管的腐蚀速率略高，但同属腐蚀二级标准。     

70Cu30Ni合金焊管的组织和耐蚀性

用电子探针，扫描电镜，静态腐蚀和电化学测试等研究方法对７０Ｃｕ－３０Ｎｉ合金焊管的组织和耐蚀性能进行了研究，结果表明：随拉制退火过程的进行，焊区成分，组织逐渐均匀化，腐蚀速率降低，近缝区腐蚀速率明显高于焊管基材。成品焊管比无缝管的腐蚀速率略高，但同属腐蚀二级标准。     

Ni-Cu-P合金显微组织和硬度的研究

熔制的Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｐ合金显微组织由Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ,Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ两种固溶体枝晶和弥散其中的Ｎｉ３Ｐ组成。随着磷含量的增加,Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｐ合金的硬度显著提高。热处理对Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｐ合金的显微组织和硬度无显著影响。     

Ni-Ti系形状记忆合金在高温水中的应力腐蚀

Ｎｉ－Ｔｉ系形状记忆合金在高温水中的应力腐蚀使用２０ｍｍ（平行段）ｘ３ｍｍ的棒形Ｎｉ－Ｔｉ合金和Ｎｉ－Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ合金试核，经机械加工后加以０３Ｋｘ３Ｏｎ１ｊｎ真空时效处理，另一批则加以１０７３Ｋｘ３０ｎｄｎ固溶热处理。在高温纯水中用低应变速率（灰变速...     

Ni对Sn96.5Ag3.5/Cu之间扩散行为的阻挡作用

研究了电镀Ｎｉ层和化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金层对Ｓｎ－Ａｇ／Ｃｕ焊点扩散行为的影响,电子探针分析表明,化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金层能很好地阻止Ｓｎ－Ａｇ／Ｃｕ焊点在焊接过程中的ＣｕＳｎ互扩散和相互反应;而电镀Ｎｉ层则不能阻止Ｓｎ－Ａｇ／Ｃｕ焊点过程中的Ｃｕ,Ｓｎ互搁工用和相互反应,界面反应产物以Ｃｕ６Ｓｎ５为主。应用化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金作为Ｓｎ－Ａｇ／Ｃｕ之间的扩散阻挡层可大大减少Ｓｎ／Ｃｕ金属间化合物的生成,有得     

Fe—Ni—Cr合金在H2S／H2／CO2混合气氛中的高温腐蚀

研究了铬含量相当，镍含量分别为１８ｗｔ％和３９ｗｔ％的两种Ｆｅ－Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ合金在Ｈ２Ｓ／Ｈ２／ＣＯ２混合气氛中于６００℃的腐蚀动力学产物层结构。镍含量不同使腐蚀产物结构上有差异；１８ｗｔ％Ｎｉ合金的外腐蚀层为ＦｅＳ，其下是ＦｅＣｒ２Ｓ４和Ｃｒ３Ｓ４；而３９ｗｔ％Ｎｉ合金的腐蚀产物外层是疏松多孔，呈黑色粉状的（Ｎｉ，Ｆｅ）Ｓ，其下也是ＦｅＣｒ２Ｓ４与Ｃｒ３Ｓ４；而３９ｗｔ％Ｎｉ合金的腐蚀产物外层是疏     

制备大块非晶Pd_(40)Cu_(30)Ni_(10)P_(20)合金圆柱体

制备大块非晶Ｐｄ４０Ｃｕ３０Ｎｉ１０Ｐ２０合金圆柱体日本东北大学材料研究所制备了直径为５０～７２ｍｍ，长度５２～７５ｍｍ的大块非晶Ｐｄ４０Ｃｕ３０Ｎｉ１０Ｐ２０合金圆柱体，研究了这种合金的热稳定性。四元母合金Ｐｄ４０Ｃｕ３０Ｎｉ１０Ｐ２０和三元母合金...     

Corrosion Resistance of Deformed Cu-Ni Alloy in Seawater

ＣｏｒｏｓｉｏｎＲｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆＤｅｆｏｒｍｅｄＣｕＮｉＡｌｏｙｉｎＳｅａｗａｔｅｒＺｈｕＸｉａｏｌｏｎｇ，ＬｉｎＬｅｙｕｎ（朱小龙）（林乐耘）ＧｅｎｅｒａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｆｏｒＮｏｎｆｅｒｒｏｕｓＭｅｔａｌｓ，Ｂｅｉｊ...     

Seawater corrosion of 70Cu‐30Ni alloy of incomplete recrystallization of intermittent and full immersion

The corrosion of 70Cu‐30Ni alloy of incomplete recrystallization was investigated by electrochemical technique, intermittent and full immersion in natural seawater, SEM and AES. Exposed to seawater for a short time, 70Cu‐30Ni alloy formed uniform and compact corrosion product films, which were rich in nickel, oxygen and seawater species for intermittent immersion; while the alloy fully immersed displayed loose and thick films, which were of denickelification and intergranular corrosion occurred to the underlying substrate. It was found that some regular crystals situated at the intersection of boundaries or the outer layer of the film and the crystals are ascribed to the reduction of cuprous ions to compensate the deficiency of oxygen for the cathodic process. Intergranular corrosion was observed in the underlying substrate for intermittent immersion after a long‐term exposure. Intermittent immersion can, to some degree, slow down the corrosion but not prevent the alloy of incomplete recrystallization from intergranular corrosion. Consequently, the corrosion mechanism of 70Cu‐30Ni alloy is proposed to be determined by its microstructure, independent of exposure conditions.     

The mechanism of accelerated corrosion of copper-nickel alloys in sulphide-polluted seawater

Copper-nickel alloys are reported to suffer accelerated corrosion in sulphide-polluted seawater. In the present study, the corrosion rates of 90 : 10 Cu : Ni alloy tube specimens and the characteristics of the surface corrosion products were determined for several environmental exposure histories. Some specimens were exposed only to de-aerated, sulphide-polluted seawater, some were exposed only to aerated, unpolluted seawater, and others were exposed first to polluted then to unpolluted seawater. In addition, preliminary experiments were performed to determine the effect of pH (7.0–8.2) on the corrosion rates of both 90 : 10 Cu : Ni and 70 : 30 Cu : Ni alloys in sulphide-polluted de-aerated seawater. The results support a previous prediction that the presence of dissolved sulphide in seawater does not lead immediately to accelerated corrosion but rather that the porous cuprous sulphide corrosion product formed in the polluted water interferes with the normal growth of the protective oxide film on subsequent exposure to unpolluted seawater. This interference with the oxide growth allows the initially high corrosion rate in aerated seawater to be maintained for an abnormally long period.     

Relationship of corrosion product films and recrystallization of 70Cu‐30Ni alloy

The corrosion and microstructure of 70Cu‐30Ni alloy plates and commercial tubes were investigated by processing, electrochemical technique and seawater exposure as well as optical microscopy, SEM, EDX and AES. The alloy plate with incomplete recrystallization, consisting of deformed and recrystallized grains, demonstrates loose and porous outer layers and denickelification in the inner layers for its corrosion product films, whereas the recrystallized alloy plate forms smooth and compact corrosion product films rich in nickel after immersion in seawater for 3 and 6 months. The incompletely recrystallized alloy tube keeps an active state and the recrystallized tube has a passive zone in the anodic polarization curve in 3.5% sodium chloride. Furthermore, the former shows loose and thick corrosion product films, which are of denickelification in the inner layer and contain a significant amount of seawater species in the outer layer, and on the surface of the latter are thin uniform and compact corrosion product films containing a Ni enrichment zone which becomes richer in Ni and wider with increasing immersion time. It is found that intergranular corrosion proceeds along the boundaries of deformed and recrystallized grains, and it is ascribed to electrochemical cells built for the reason of potential difference between the two kinds of grains.     

Cu-Ni合金海水腐蚀行为研究进展

综述了Cu-Ni合金在海水中材料因素和海水环境及其对腐蚀行为的影响.阐述了该合金海水腐蚀热力学和化学成分、微观组织结构、初始表面状态与耐蚀性的关系;并讨论了海水的物理因素(流速、温度)、化学因素(溶解氧、硫化物)和生物因素及其协同效应对Cu-Ni合金腐蚀过程的影响     

新型海水管系材料HDR双相不锈钢的腐蚀和电化学性能

针对新型海水管系材料HDR双相不锈钢的研制和开发，通过冲刷腐蚀，砂侵蚀以及点蚀和缝隙腐蚀电化学试验，研究了其耐海水腐蚀性能和电化学性能，与TUP，B10，B30的耐蚀性能进行了对比，结果表明，HDR很耐流动海水冲刷腐蚀和砂侵蚀，耐点蚀，缝隙腐蚀性能良好，适合作为海水管系材料。     

(Zr55All0Ni5Cu30)0.97Ce0.03非晶合金在含Cl-介质中的腐蚀电化学行为研究

  用电化学技术方法研究了Zr₅₅Al_l0Ni₅Cu₃₀和(Zr₅₅Al_l0Ni₅Cu₃₀)_0.97Ce_0.03非晶合金在含Cl^-介质中的腐蚀电化学行为及添加稀土Ce的影响.结果表明：随Cl^-浓度增加,两种非晶合金的腐蚀速度加快;添加稀土Ce后提高合金耐蚀性;随极化电位的提高,两种非晶合金在0.05 mol/L Na₂SO₄及含Cl^-介质中均出现钝化特征,维钝电流密度随Cl^-浓度增加而减小;Zr₅₅Al_l0Ni₅Cu₃₀非晶合金的电化学阻抗谱由单容抗弧组成(Zr₅₅Al_l0Ni₅Cu₃₀)_0.97Ce_0.03非晶合金的交流阻抗谱在Cl^-浓度较低时呈单容抗弧特征,而随Cl^-浓度的增加,单容抗弧变为双容抗弧.     

Cu-Ni合金BTA复配体系钝化处理工艺研究

采用苯并三氮唑(BTA)复配钝化体系对B10 Cu-Ni合金进行钝化处理,以提高其在含硫化物环境介质中的耐腐蚀性能,并研究工艺参数对钝化膜耐蚀性的影响规律.利用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究钝化膜的耐腐蚀性能,采用X射线光电子能谱分析钝化膜的化学成分.实验结果表明,在BTA与磺基水杨酸组成的复配体系中形成的钝化膜比BTA单一体系中形成的钝化膜具有更高的耐蚀性,这是磺基水杨酸与基体合金反应形成的络合物膜与Cu(I)BTA膜协同作用的结果;钝化处理的时间和温度是影响钝化膜耐蚀性的重要工艺参数,延长钝化时间和提高钝化温度均可以提高钝化膜的耐蚀性,60℃高温条件下5 min的钝化处理即能够达到常温条件下3 h的钝化处理效果.     

Characteristics and formation of corrosion product films of 70Cu-30Ni alloy in seawater

The corrosion product films of 70Cu-30Ni alloy, composed of recrystallized grains or deformed and recrystallized grains, were investigated in 3.5% NaCl and natural seawater by electrochemical techniques, SEM, EDX and AES. The recrystallized alloy displayed a steady increase in the polarization resistance while the alloy of incomplete recrystallization kept its polarization resistance at a low level as increasing the immersion time in 3.5% NaCl. The films formed on the recrystallized alloy in seawater were thin, uniform and rich in nickel. After long-term immersion, the films, still thin and protective, consisted of convex lines and smooth zones between the lines. The convex lines were richer in nickel and contained more seawater species than the zones, so this led the lines to preferentially dissolve and new lines to appear where the film grew slower. Immersed in seawater, the alloy of incomplete recrystallization showed thick, loose and porous films, of which the inner layer was denickelified and the outer layer contained a great amount of seawater species, and of which the underlying substrate was found with severe intergranular corrosion. The tube specimens of incomplete recrystallization for four-year immersion were perforated by intergranular corrosion.