基于汉字拼音声调的文本水印算法

提出一种基于汉字拼音声调的中文文本水印算法。该算法基于统计特征来动态确定嵌入标志代码。在由标志代码确定的水印插入区,通过改变汉字集合声调的特征值来嵌入文本水印。该方法的水印容量由标志代码的数量动态确定,可自主地提高水印容量。整篇文档可以分割成若干个嵌入部分,各部分可单独进行插入、提取计算,降低了计算的复杂性。     

文本水印向量模型的研究

文章把文本的偶数行的移位值作为向量的分量而构成一个数字文本水印的水印向量,给出了水印向量的嵌入与检测方法,讨论了盗版者对水印向量的伪造攻击,最后解决了如何辨识出伪造攻击的问题。     

中文文本多重水印算法应用研究

针对现有文本水印算法鲁棒性不强的特点,提出一种中文文本水印多重嵌入的方法：基于汉字分组实现特殊字符的分散冗余嵌入,基于标点符号冗余嵌入水印,基于公钥机制的零水印。该方法水印容量大、隐蔽性好,能抵抗各种文档操作、破坏及水印攻击,各种攻击实验证明水印的鲁棒性比较强,水印程序具备较好的实用性。     

可逆文本水印算法研究

提出一种可逆文本水印算法.该算法对文本特征进行分析,以确定待嵌入文本句子集,根据文本句子的奇偶性,利用同义词替换评价模型将水印不可感知地嵌入到原始文本中,通过调整算法参数,满足不同的鲁棒性和不可见性需求.仿真实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的不可见性,并能在提取水印后无损地恢复原始文本载体数据.     

基于文本重要内容的鲁棒水印算法

提出一种基于文本重要内容的鲁棒水印算法, 对文本的特征进行分析, 确定文本的重要内容. 根据水印序列和同义词替换评价模型, 将水印不可感知地嵌入到文本的重要内容中, 提高水印的鲁棒性. 投票原则的使用又进一步提高水印的鲁棒性并降低了误检率. 理论和实验分析表明, 采用文中算法嵌入的水印具有较好的鲁棒性、安全性和不可见性.     

一种基于遗传优化和汉字声调的文本水印算法

该文提出了一种基于遗传算法优化和汉字声调的中文文本水印算法。该算法基于统计特征来动态确定嵌入标志代码。在由标志代码确定的水印插入区,通过改变汉字集合声调的特征值来嵌入文本水印。该方法的水印容量由标志代码的数量动态确定,可自主的提高水印容量。整篇文档可以分割成若干个嵌入部分,各部分可单独进行插入、提取计算,极大的降低了计算的复杂性。     

一种基于灰度均匀分布的自适应文本可见水印算法

文本可见水印技术主要用于明确文本类数字媒体的版权标识,防止非法使用。现有文本可见水印算法的抗二值化攻击能力较差,为克服此缺陷,根据文本图像的灰度分布和纹理的特点,提出了一种基于灰度均匀分布的自适应文本可见水印算法。首先提取文本行轮廓,然后依据行轮廓自适应产生嵌入强度,再由嵌入强度对水印黑色像素进行筛选,最后将载体文本与筛选后的水印映射到同一灰度范围。该算法具有嵌入强度自适应、嵌入位置随机和抗二值化攻击等特点。实验结果显示,算法在不影响载体文本可读性的同时,具有良好的水印可视性和鲁棒性,适用于任何形式的二值文本和图形水印。     

基于汉语拼音的鲁棒性文本水印算法

针对文本水印算法存在的信息量少和鲁棒性不强的特点,提出了一种新的文本水印嵌入方法.该方法提取出整个文档的汉字拼音,利用拼音的特点将文档进行分层,在各个层中通过字符水平缩放来嵌入水印.在嵌入过程中提出了一种安全的嵌入方法,将有意义的水印信息放在文本之外.实验结果表明该算法的有效载荷以及鲁棒性都得以提高.     

一种提高自然语言文本水印容量的算法

自然语言文本水印算法通过对文本句子的语法结构或语义结构进行转换来嵌入水印信息.对句子的语法和TMR(Text Meaning Representation)语义结构进行分析,利用句子语法结构的转换不会改变句子TMR语义结构这一性质将语法水印技术和语义水印技术有效结合起来,提出了一种提高自然语言文本水印嵌入容量的算法.该算法的优点是将控制信息和水印信息分离,并根据每个句子本身的特性动态嵌入相应数量的水印信息.实验表明该算法和原有的语法或语义水印算法相比,水印嵌入容量有一定程度的提高.     

一种基于语句主谓语编码的文本水印技术

文本水印通过在文本中嵌入版权标识信息(水印)来保护文本作品的知识产权。提出一种对文本中语句的主谓语进行编码来嵌入水印的方法。将水印信息转换成十六进制的Unicode码串,借助哈尔滨工业大学的语言技术平台(LTP),对文本中的语句进行一系列处理获取其中的主谓语,用上述Unicode码串中的一段对每一个主谓语进行编码表示,以此实现水印的嵌入。提取水印时,从被检测的文本中获取语句的主谓语,对照嵌入水印时形成的码本,对每个主谓语进行比较和译码,取出各主谓语所对应的Unicode码段,将它们按正确顺序拼接起来,转换成对应的字符,得到嵌入的水印信息。所提算法具有很好的隐蔽性,能有效抵抗各种常见的攻击。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.