450 m3高炉冶炼富锰渣开炉实践

介绍了450 m³高炉冶炼富锰渣开炉及生产效益的经验,通过开炉前的精心筹备,制定科学合理的炉前渣铁处理工艺,科学测定送风、无料钟布料等基础技术参数,严格选择技术操作参数等,最终制定合理的开炉方案,顺利生产富锰渣。     

唐山国丰1780m~3高炉开炉实践

高炉中、大修后的开炉,对开炉料的计算及实际使用、热风温度的选择梯次、风口面积的大小均有严格要求,正确的送风制度、合理的热制度对于高炉快速达到生产指标、降低开炉成本、延长高炉一代炉龄、高炉高产低耗等有重要影响。介绍了国丰1 780 m3高炉中修后开炉,开炉前风口布局及堵风口情况,装枕极开炉料的配料与装料,高炉的开炉操作(包括送风制度、装料制度、炉缸热制度、渣铁排放)。开炉历时7天,高炉就基本达到了正常生产水平。     

高炉开炉操作中热制度的理论分析

高炉开炉操作是否正确,对一代高炉的正常操作和高炉炉龄有着重大影响。因此,探讨开炉冶炼的规律,做好开炉工作就十分必要。一、开炉冶炼过程的主要矛盾及其转化高炉冶炼只有在炉缸下部(即上渣口以下)热量充足、温度够高的情况下,才能最后完成和多快好省地进行。开炉前期炉缸下部温度(以下简称T_下~＇)远低于正常,这时L_s较低和[S]％、     

高炉开炉时渣铁口事故的处理

目前我厂高炉多采用空料线炉顶打水法停炉。开炉前进行烘炉。高炉送风后能否及时转入正常,关键取决于炉前操作—出铁出渣工作是否正常。所以开炉的中心环节是炉前操作,而防止渣铁口事故尤为重要。本文对我厂大中修开炉时发生的三次渣、铁口事故以及处理情况加以讨论,目的在于避免今后发生类似事故。一、渣、铁口事故概况     

张钢5#高炉开炉达产实践

张钢5^#420m^3高炉项修开炉,因炉缸内残存大量渣铁冷凝物,采用轻负荷、大渣量、高碱度等措施,由于参数选择合理、操作得当,高炉开炉后炉况稳定顺行,3d实现达产,利用系数达到3.16t（/m^3·d）。     

攀钢新3^#高炉开炉达产实践

对攀钢新3^#高炉（2000 m^3）年修开炉及快速达产的经验进行了总结。通过制定合理的开炉方案,开炉过程中确定合理的送风制度和装料制度,控制适宜的加风、开风口及渣铁排放进程,优化高炉操作,确保炉况稳定顺行,从而使新3^#高炉开炉顺利,并实现快速达产。     

首钢3号4号高炉的开炉与强化操作

首钢３号４号高炉经开炉和强化操作取得良好效果，本文简介了烘炉方法，论述了配料，装料，喷吹渣铁口，送风，出渣的铁的开炉过程以及开炉后的强化操作。     

通才1860 m3高炉开炉快速达产实践

通才2号1 860 m³高炉于2022年11月15日停炉中修,停炉后进行热风炉检修、矿槽衬板改造、风口浇筑、铁口修复、炉体喷涂等工作。中修结束后,开炉采用炉缸全木柴开炉,通过科学配料计算、开炉装料校核、料流轨迹测量、合理选择操作制度、快速富氧喷煤、加强炉前渣铁排放等措施,实现了送风1 h快速引煤气、7 h出铁、40 h全风操作和4 d达产,高炉利用系数、煤比、燃料比等指标稳步优化,实现了高炉安全开炉和快速达产。     

苏钢4#高炉开炉及迅速达产实践

苏钢4#高炉第三代炉龄采用小布袋除尘工艺、标准振动筛、自焙炭砖风冷炉底以及预制避渣器等先进技术.通过优化操作和精心管理,高炉开炉两天,利用系数达到2.824t/(m3·d),实现了"顺利开炉,快速达产".     

高炉开炉的几个问题

对开炉操作中应当注意的几个问题进行了讨论,认为:含铁炉料起始应放在炉身下部,可确保铁水温度充足,渣铁流动性好;大型高炉点火风量比应在0.6以上;合理布料应从开炉填料时开始;大型高炉应提倡全焦开炉。     

碳化焦球用于一步法生产硅钙合金新工艺

借鉴电石冶炼中“碳化焦球”技术,提出“碳化焦球”用于一步法生产硅钙合金新工艺。理论分析表明,碳化焦球可以减少硅酸钙炉渣与碳化硅的生成,从而解决炉渣下沉造成炉底上涨的生产难题。同时,碳化焦球可以促进石灰生成电石,从而提高熔池炉渣中电石质量分数,降低炉渣密度,提高炉渣熔点,有利于渣金分离和熔池温度提高。该项技术用于生产实践还需要在碳化焦球制备、炉料配比以及冶炼工艺与设备参数上进行深入研究,以获得最佳冶炼效果。     

Optimum condition for smelting high carbon ferromanganese

Abstract

In the present study, pilot plant experimental heats were designed and carried out to determine the optimum condition for smelting high carbon ferromanganese through investigating some parameters affecting the smelting process including Mn/Fe ratio of the blend, coke ratio, slag basicity and dolomite/limestone ratio of the flux. The results of pilot plant experimental heats showed that using Mn blend with high Mn/Fe ratio decreases the consumption of charging materials: Mn ores, coke and fluxing materials (limestone and dolomite). This means that lower amounts of Mn ores, coke and flux materials can be used for attaining the same output alloy weight by increasing the Mn/Fe ratio of the blend. Furthermore, the produced slag decreases as Mn/Fe ratio of the blend increases. The higher Mn/Fe ratio of the blend does not only reduce the input materials and the produced slag, but also improves the produced alloy quality by increasing the Mn percent and Mn/Fe ratio of the produced high carbon ferromanganese. For obtaining standard HCFeMn alloy containing minimum 75%Mn, it is necessary to use Mn blend with the Mn/Fe ratio of higher than 6·2. The added coke must be adjusted according to the material balance and stoichiometric to prevent the over-coke and minimise the highly endothermic ‘Boudouard reaction’ to attain the highest Mn recovery and metallic yield. Furthermore, the slag basicity should be optimised with flux addition to attain the highest Mn recovery and metallic yield. The optimum slag basicity for attaining the highest manganese recovery and metallic yield depends on the used formula. The slag basicity can be determined from the chemical composition of raw material mixture with taking into consideration that about 2% of silicon in the raw material mixture will be reduced and goes into metal phase. Much higher slag basicity is not recommended as this practice produces viscous slag accompanied with lower Mn recovery and metallic yield. The results also revealed the negative effect of increasing MgO/CaO ratio of slag on manganese recovery and metallic yield. The MgO/CaO ratio in the slag decreases by decreasing the dolomite/limestone ratio in the flux.     

Application and analysis of slag holdup model in BF deadman

The operation of blast furnace is considerably influenced by slag performance, particularly in BF hearth. Slag holdup in deadman has negative effects on hearth, such as sharp peripheral flow of hot metal and carbon brick erosion. Therefore, it is urgent to monitor the slag holdup. In this paper, a slag holdup model was proposed to give a transient snapshot of the internal state of BF. Based on the analysis of practical example of Jingtang (Hebei, China) No. 1 blast furnace, three typical models and the slag holdup model were compared. Furthermore, the effects of slag basicity(CaO/SiO₂), MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio, temperature of hot metal, diameter of coke, shape factor of coke and voidage of deadman on slag holdup were investigated. The results show that current slag holdup model can timely predict the general trend of the permeability of the deadman and internal state of hearth. In addition, the influence extent of the six factors which affect the slag holdup is in the following order (from large to small effect): the voidage of deadman, shape factor of coke, diameter of coke, basicity(CaO/SiO₂), MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio, temperature of hot metal. The weighting ratio of these factors is 1:0.92:0.69:0.69:0.38:0.23.     

Study on Foaming Behaviour of Molten Slag during Smelting Reduction with Iron Bath

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降低密闭鼓风炉还原熔炼氧化铜矿炉渣品位的探讨

对刚果(金)地区氧化铜精矿密闭鼓风炉冶炼进行研究,分析了渣型、焦率等对炉渣含铜量的影响。分析结果表明,选择高温渣及适宜的焦率可降低炉渣含铜量。     

锰硅合金生产中提高Si利用率的探讨与实践

从理论角度研究了锰硅合金生产中提高Si利用率的重要意义,探讨了影响Si利用率的各种因素,并介绍了在矿热炉上的具体实践。从实践中得出:降低焦炭层部位,延长冶炼时间,提高二次电压级是提高炉温的有效手段,温度和炉渣碱度是影响Si利用率的决定性因素,Si利用率的提高使冶炼指标得到有效优化。     

Mathematical Modelling and Experimental Investigation of Coke Reduction of FeO in Slag

Mathematic model development and experimental investigations were carried out for the reduction of FeO in slag by coke. Rate expressions for the reduction limited by the different steps and through different reaction routes were proposed. In the experimental investigation, the FeO reduction was found to be a first order and irreversible reaction; the reduction rate increased with increasing temperature and the FeO content in slag, and decreased with increasing ash content in the coke. Low CO₂/CO ratio in the product gas and preferential reduction of FeO over SiO₂ in slag were observed in the reaction system. The proposed reaction mechanisms were discussed with the observed kinetic phenomena. The reduction of FeO in slag by coke was found most likely to be jointly dominated by the mass transfer of FeO in slag and the chemical reactions at slag‐coke, slag‐gas or slag‐metal interfaces.     

天铁3＃高炉改善技术指标冶炼实践

天铁3＃高炉通过加重焦炭负荷、稳定压差、合理利用煤气、调整热制度及造渣制度等措施,使主要的生产技术指标达到了历史最好水平,其中利用系数、煤比、风温进入全国先进行例。     

Dynamic dissolution of CO2/H2O(g)-gasified coke by slag containing FeO

In top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace (TGR-BF) and injection coke oven gas-blast furnace (COG-BF), lower coke ratio highlight the importance of coke in the melting and dropping zone. To understand the deterioration of coke in lower blast furnace, the dynamic dissolution of CO₂/H₂O-gasified coke by slag containing FeO and reaction kinetics were analysed. The results showed that the coke deterioration was more serious in CO₂ than in H₂O for the same gasification ratio. To understand the internal variation of coke, pore distribution and microstructure of coke were observed using mercury porosimeter and scanning electron microscope (SEM). For the same gasification ratio, pore structure was more uniform in H₂O than in CO₂. In addition, the kinetics of coke's reaction with FeO in slag was analysed.     

莱钢高炉风口取样研究

通过风口取样,对莱钢1#1 080 m3高炉风口区域焦炭、碱金属以及炉渣成分的变化情况进行了详细的检测分析。结果表明,在高炉结瘤操作时,高炉风口区焦炭粉化严重,死料柱的透气性与透液性差,风口焦炭碱金属含量增加;高炉炸瘤后,随着喷吹煤比的增加,风口焦平均粒度有减小趋势;风口焦样粒度沿高炉径向向炉缸中心减小;风口边缘渣碱度比靠近中心渣碱度低。