Enhancement of e-commerce via mobile accesses to the Internet

The potential of the Internet has been expanded substantially by a new generation of mobile devices, opening the door for rapid growth of m-commerce. While the traditional PC access to the Internet continues to be vital for exploiting the advantages of the Internet, the mobile access appears to attract more people because of flexible accesses to the Internet in a ubiquitous manner. Accordingly, e-commerce is now in the process of being converted into m-commerce. The purpose of this paper is to develop and analyze a mathematical model for comparing e-commerce via the traditional PC access only with m-commerce which accommodates both the traditional PC access and the mobile access. The distribution of the number of products purchased by time t and the distribution of the time required for selling K products are derived explicitly, enabling one to assess the impact of mobile devices on e-businesses. Numerical examples are given for illustrating behavioral differences between m-commerce consumers and traditional e-commerce consumers.     

Improving process flexibility through products assignment with bill of material constraints

This paper investigates the effect of operational decisions on improving process flexibility of a flexible manufacturing system, which consists of multiple machine lines. The manufacturing system produces different types of products, whose structures are described by their bills of material (BOMs). When BOM constraints of products are considered, we observe that process flexibility of the flexible manufacturing system depends not only on the structure of each machine line, but also on the assignment decisions of products to machine lines. On the basis of the analysis of a measure for process flexibility with BOM constraints, we develop products assignment models to improve process flexibility of a flexible manufacturing system, which minimize the total demand shortfall of products in the system through assigning products to machine lines. Computational experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed models on improving process flexibility of a manufacturing system, and sensitivity analyses show performance robustness of our methods.     

Wisdom: a software engineering method for small softwaredevelopment companies

Wisdom (Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models), a lightweight software engineering method, addresses the needs of small teams that develop and maintain interactive systems. Small companies leveraging on their communication, speed and flexibility can benefit from Wisdom's process, notation and project philosophy     

Is "Internet-speed" software development different?

Developing software at Internet speed requires a flexible development environment that can cope with fast-changing requirements and an increasingly demanding market. Agile principles are better suited than traditional software development principles to provide such an environment.     

Flexible Labour Strategy in the Dutch Automotive Industry

Labour flexibility is a major way for companies to become more flexible. Why companies use flexible labour relations varies widely per industry. We assess the development of labour flexibility within the Dutch automotive industry. Four cases, together representing the production chain, are presented. We show how and why these companies arrived at the high level of sophistication in labour relations they currently have and what combinations of internal and external, numerical and functional forms have emerged. The process has been one of trial and error, characterised by emerging rather than deliberate strategy. It has a clear pattern over time. In three out of our four companies, an innovative labour use strategy emerged, finely tuned to market demands, new institutional realities and specific company needs.     

Managing software process measurement: A metamodel-based approach

The evaluation of software processes is nowadays a very important issue due to the growing interest of software companies in the improvement of the productivity and quality of delivered products. Software measurement plays a fundamental role here. Given the great diversity of entities which are candidates for measurement in the software process improvement context (process models, projects, resources, products) this measurement must be performed in a consistent and integrated way. This will facilitate the making of decisions in process improvement. In this paper, a proposal for the integrated management of the software measurement is presented. The goal is to provide companies with a generic and flexible environment for software measurement which facilitates and establishes the basis for a common and effective measurement process and which is not restricted to only one kind of software entity or to a single quality or evaluation model. In order to achieve this, the proposal adopts the Model Driven Engineering philosophy and provides: a metamodel for the definition of software measurement models; a flexible method to measure any kind of software entity represented by its corresponding metamodel and GenMETRIC, which is the software tool that supports the framework.     

A Quality Software Process for Rapid Application Development

Software organizations can significantly improve the quality of their output if they have a defined and documented software process, together with the appropriate techniques and tools to measure its effectiveness. Without a defined process it is impossible to measure success or focus on how development capability can be enhanced. To date, a number of software process improvement frameworks have been developed and implemented. However, most of these models have been targeted at large-scale producers. Furthermore, they have applied to companies who use traditional development techniques. Smaller companies and those operating in development areas where speed of delivery is paramount have not, as yet, had process improvement paradigms available for adoption.This study examined the software process in a small company and emerged with the recommendation of the use of the Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) and the Personal Software Process (PSP) for achieving software process improvement.     

软件众包参与度影响因素分析及预测模型

随着"众包"这种商业模式的快速发展, 越来越多的互联网公司选择以"众包"的形式发布软件任务. 然而, 软件任务因其高门槛、高复杂度、长周期等特性, 面临着严重的低参与度问题. 本文结合全球最大的软件众包平台TopCoder的数据, 对软件众包任务的参与度进行研究. 首先, 使用多元回归分析了影响软件众包参与度的因素; 接着, 综合数据挖掘领域的多种分类预测算法, 探讨软件众包参与度的预测模型. 希望通过本实证研究, 为发包方、众包平台降低软件众包的低参与风险提供参考.     

Using IEEE Standards to Support America's Army Gaming Development

IEEE software and systems engineering (SS&E) standards support basic software production control processes. When practically applied, these standards helped resolve the real-world problems that occurred when researchers combined a classically structured Department of Defense (DoD) approach to basic skills trainer (BST) development with the more agile environment of gaming systems development. These IEEE standards directly aided the development of sound software engineering practices and processes. They provided the flexible support necessary for this dynamic and fast-paced integration environment while promoting the practical process application that helped to develop the America's Army products. A computer game produced by the US Army, AA promotes army recruiting and the seven core values of loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage. The game's PC version currently boasts more than 7.5 million registered players worldwide     

Measuring the ROI of software process improvement

Software process improvement has been on the agenda of both academics and practitioners, with the Capability Maturity Model as its de facto method. Many companies have invested large sums of money in improving their software processes, and several research papers document SPI's effectiveness. SPI aims to create more effective and efficient software development and maintenance by structuring and optimizing processes. SPI assumes that a well-managed organization with a defined engineering process is more likely to produce products that consistently meet the purchaser's requirements within schedule and budget than a poorly managed organization with no such engineering process. We discuss about the measuring the ROI in software process improvement.     

利用CY7C68001实现FPGA与PC的数据交换

随着现场可编程门阵列(FPGA：Field Programmable Gate Arrays)技术的飞速发展，FPGA的应用日益广泛。由于FPGA具有高速数据处理能力．它被广泛应用于实时处理系统中。而PC机则具有强大的文件管理功能．众多的软件资源以及可以将数据长久地保存以便日后的应用或处理。两者之间的功能具有互补性．所以实现FPGA与PC机之间的通讯就具有重要的现实意义。本文介绍利用CYPRESS公司的CY7C68001芯片通过USB协议来实现FPGA与PC机之间的通讯。USB协议有USB1.1(最高速度12Mbps)和USB2.0)最高速度480Mbps)两种．CY7C68001芯片支持全速(12Mbps)和高速(480Mbps)两种模式。本文仅介绍了全速模式，高速模式时需改变FPGA侧的VHDL程序并且PC机也必须支持USB2.0协议。     

Securing the Web

For the past year (1996-7), the browser war between Netscape and Microsoft has made Internet news headlines, with each company offering new and better features. But the competition for “more features” leaves an important area of network software behind: security. In fact, packing software with features is the best way to complicate its security. And even if software companies made securing their Web products their highest priority, human related errors would still remain. Securing the Web starts with Web users understanding security. The article goes on to discuss server-side security, cryptography and client-side security     

PAC将成为未来工业控制的方向（二）

构建更好的控制器 由于没有合适的PC或PLC解决方案，那些需要开发复杂应用的工程师就和控制厂商密切合作开发新的产品。他们需要新产品能结合PC的高级软件功能和PLC的可靠性。这些重要用户为PLC和基于PC控制的公司提供了产品开发指导。     

嵌入式处理器在移动通信系统中的应用

随着手机、PDA、网络冰箱、机顶盒等普及,嵌入式处理器应用的范围越来越广。那么嵌入式处理器产品的广泛普及必将为嵌入式系统软件产业的蓬勃发展提供无穷的推动力,带动了PC机整个桌面软件的发展。本文主要介绍嵌入式处理器在移动通信系统中的应用。     

Understanding the gap between software process practices and actual practice in very small companies

This paper reports on a grounded theory to study into software developers’ use of software development processes in actual practice in the specific context of very small companies. This study was conducted in three very small software product companies located in Ecuador. The data collection was based on semi-structured qualitative interviews with software project managers, focus group with software developers and was supplemented by the literature and document studies. We interviewed two types of participants (managers and developers), so as to ensure that we elicited a holistic perspective of how they approached the software development process in actual practice. The goal was to study what practices are actually used and their opinion and attitude toward the potential adopting of an international standard (ISO/IEC 29110) specifically designed for very small companies. With the collected data, we performed an analysis utilizing grounded theory coding techniques, as this methodology promotes the focus on uncovering the real concerns of the participants. This study highlighted three areas of concern: customer, software product and development tasks coordination and tracking. The findings in this study give an insight toward the work products as they relate to software development process practices in very small companies and the important factors that must be considered to assist project success.     

嵌入式移动通信技术的研究及发展

随着信息技术的飞速发展，嵌入式系统应用的范围越来越广，手机、PDA、网络冰箱、机项盒等嵌入式产品越来越普及。形式多样的嵌入式设备正努力把Internet连接到人们生活各个角落，中国嵌入式设备的潜在消费者数量将以亿为单位。如果说PC机的发展带动了整个桌面软件的发展，那么嵌入式产品的广泛普及必将为嵌入式系统软件产业的蓬勃发展提供无穷的推动力。 本文首先介绍嵌入式系统的基本概念，包括嵌入式系统设计的过程、嵌入式操作系统和嵌入式开发的具体步骤     

嵌入式移动通信技术的研究及发展

随着信息技术的飞速发展,嵌入式系统应用的范围越来越广,手机、PDA、网络冰箱、机顶盒等嵌入式产品越来越普及。形式多样的嵌入式设备正努力把Internet连接到人们生活各个角落,中国嵌入式设备的潜在消费者数量将以亿为单位。如果说PC机的发展带动了整个桌面软件的发展,那么嵌入式产品的广泛普及必将为嵌入式系统软件产业的蓬勃发展提供无穷的推动力。本文首先介绍嵌入式系统的基本概念,包括嵌入式系统设计的过程、嵌入式操作系统和嵌入式开发的具体步骤。     

A new process knowledge representation approach using parameter flow chart

Knowledge in various stages of the product development process has become increasingly important for manufacturing companies to improve their performance, especially for those One-of-a-Kind Production (OKP) companies producing highly customized products. Process knowledge is a very special type of knowledge that controls how products are best manufactured. This knowledge can help OKP companies produce high value-added products with better quality at shorter times and at a competitive cost. Process knowledge is normally hard to capture and manage and is even more difficult to represent. This paper proposes a Parameter Flow Chart (PFC) based new knowledge representation method which efficiently combines parameter information, flow chart technology, and visualization technology. The goal of this research is to provide a user-friendly and effective way of representing process knowledge for OKP companies so they can develop and accumulate their own process knowledge repository. The basic definition and principle of the approach will be introduced first and the software system model then proposed. Two related key issues, the modeling of various chart units used in the PFC approach and dealing with expressions containing various parameters, are discussed in detail. The prototype version of the system has been developed and demonstrated with case studies, which has proven the feasibility of the proposed approach.     

Decision Support for Managing an Electronic Supply Chain

The growth of the Internet and electronic commerce opens new venues for companies to create flexible supply chains by offering high-speed communication and tight connectivity. To take full advantage of these new opportunities, companies need to be able to respond quickly to opportunities as they arise and make smart decisions taking into account the vast amount of data now available. We describe a decision support system which helps companies in making decisions about purchasing, manufacturing or promotions, while considering supplies and demands posted on the Internet, in addition to their own inventory, capacity and demand. The decision support system is currently being tested within an electronic marketplace we built for paper products, which went online in September 1999.     

柔性企业信息发布平台设计与实现

提出了软件柔性、柔点、柔度等相关概念，给出了如何构建柔性软件模型的方法，介绍了柔性企业信息发布平台的功能和实现方法．给出了利用发布平台实现针对特定企业信息发布系统的构建流程。柔性企业信息发布平台可以大大提高信息发布系统的开发效率，使其更加灵活，以满足用户多层次、多用途和变化的需求。