Numerical Simulation Research of Investment Casting for TiB2/A356 Aluminum Base Composite

研究了TiB2/A356铝基复合材料的某航空零件熔模精密铸造性能。根据该复合材料的各热物性参数和TiB2体积分数的关系,结合Pro CAST软件对其数据库进行二次开发,建立了体积分数为10%的TiB2/Al铝基复合材料的热物性参数随温度变化的关系。对某航空薄壁零件进行熔模铸造模拟,模拟结果显示:通过提高A356浇注温度、浇注速度和在浇口与冒孔周围添加保温材料措施,使零件表面的缩孔、缩松缺陷得到解决。     

TiB_2/A356铝基复合材料的熔模铸造数值模拟研究(英文)

研究了TiB2/A356铝基复合材料的某航空零件熔模精密铸造性能。根据该复合材料的各热物性参数和TiB2体积分数的关系,结合Pro CAST软件对其数据库进行二次开发,建立了体积分数为10%的TiB2/Al铝基复合材料的热物性参数随温度变化的关系。对某航空薄壁零件进行熔模铸造模拟,模拟结果显示:通过提高A356浇注温度、浇注速度和在浇口与冒孔周围添加保温材料措施,使零件表面的缩孔、缩松缺陷得到解决。     

TiB2/A356复合材料薄壁零件熔模铸造研究

利用TiB2和A356热物性的文献值,根据颗粒均匀分散于基体类型复合材料热物性的计算准则确定了10％TiB2/A356铝基复合材料的热物性参数,并将其用于实际生产中某航空零件熔模铸造的数值模拟.通过浇注实验验证了数值模拟结果与实际的一致性和热物性参数的可靠性,在此基础上通过模拟与实验结合的方式改进了浇注工艺,消除了缩松缩孔缺陷,提高了铸件质量.     

铝基复合材料机器人件的熔模铸造数值模拟

熔体粘度较高和颗粒分布不均匀是影响颗粒增强金属基复合材料铸造性能的主要因素之一。本文通过熔体反应法制备了TiB2/A356复合材料,根据复合材料热物性计算公式得到其热物性参数,并利用PROCAST软件对其热物性参数进行二次开发和熔模铸造数值模拟。模拟结果显示,熔体流动性差,缩孔缩松明显。分析其产生的主要原因为熔体粘度较大,颗粒分布不均匀。为此,提出了真空浇注、提高浇注温度和模壳初始温度的改进方案。结果表明,优化方案可行,为解决颗粒增强金属基复合材料的铸造问题打下基础。     

TiB_2/A356复合材料的热物性参数计算系统开发与熔模铸造数值模拟

使用Matlab软件开发了复合材料的热物性参数计算系统,并使用该系统获取了TiB_2/A356复合材料的热物性参数,并导入PROCAST的数据库对其热物性参数进行二次开发,对铸件熔模铸造过程进行模拟。模拟结果显示,铸件缩孔、缩松严重,且空隙率较大。分析缺陷产生的原因为增强体的加入使得液体流动性变差,补缩能力较弱。最后通过正交试验法获得流动性较好的A356铝合金,并通过提高浇注温度得到浇注结果合格的铸件。     

A356-5SiCp和A356吸铸温度变化的对比分析

对体积分数为5％的SiC颗粒增强的A356复合材料和A356合金分别进行吸铸试验,测量熔体充型与凝固过程中铸件和铸型的温度,讨论了SiCp/A356复合材料与A356合金的铸件和铸型的温度变化规律.结果表明,SiCp的加入使SiCp/A356复合材料凝固前温度下降速度增大,凝固后的温度下降速度减小;同时由于潜热不同,SiCp/A356复合材料结晶温度低于A356合金.     

SiCp/A357复合材料流动性数值模拟与实验研究

搅拌铸造方法易于成型大尺寸复杂的复合材料零件,但是碳化硅颗粒加入使得复合材料的流动行为变得更加复杂,开展复合材料流动性研究至关重要。本文建立了SiCp/A357复合材料的流动模型,采用数值模拟及实验研究相结合的方法,研究了浇注温度及碳化硅体积分数对SiCp/A357复合材料流动性及流动充型过程碳化硅分布的影响。结果表明,随着浇注温度的提高SiCp/A357复合材料的流动性升高,这一趋势在半固态区间更为明显;但是随着浇注温度的提高,试样前端的碳化硅体积分数较末端减少加剧,复合材料中碳化硅的整体分布均匀性降低;随着碳化硅体积分数的增加SiCp/A357复合材料的流动性降低,且随着碳化硅体积分数的增加,试样前端碳化硅的体积分数减少程度减弱,整体的均匀性提高。上述的模拟结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性。     

原位TiB2颗粒增强铝基复合材料及其力学性能

对原位反应合成TiB2／A356铝基复合材料微观组织和力学拉伸性能进行了研究。结果表明，原位反应生成的颗粒增强相在复合材料基体中分布均匀，基体与颗粒间的界面洁净。复合材料强度随着颗粒含量的增加显著提高，与基体合金相比，TiB2质量分数为8％的TiB2／A356复合材料强度和弹性模量的提高幅度约为28％，TiB2质量分数为16％的TiB2／A356复合材料强度和弹性模量的提高幅度约为35％。复合材料的断裂主要是由于基体与颗粒界面脱粘，在拉伸应力作用下由此萌生微裂纹并扩展，导致界面处的基体撕裂，从而降低复合材料塑性。     

TiB_2/A356导流叶轮熔模铸造及其数值模拟

研究了体积分数为10%的Ti B2/A356复合材料的力学性能随温度变化的关系,并利用商用软件Pro CAST对导流叶轮熔模铸造应力场进行数值模拟。模拟结果表明,叶轮叶片厚薄不均的结构特点,使其两端产生铸造应力,形成裂纹缺陷。通过提高型壳预热温度,可明显降低叶片两端在冷却末期的有效应力。实际浇注情况与模拟结果吻合较好,验证了工艺改进方案的合理性,证明了熔模铸造过程数值模拟的可靠性。     

蛇形管浇注制备TiB_2/7075半固态浆料及数值模拟

通过原位合成法制备出TiB2/7075复合材料,研究了TiB2颗粒对7075铝合金微观组织的影响。结果表明,添加4.5%的TiB2后能有效优化α-Al晶粒形貌,但添加9%的TiB2后由于颗粒团聚、优化作用降低。使用ProCAST软件对蛇形管制备过程进行了数值模拟,得出了适宜的蛇形管温度、浇注温度及蛇形管弯道数量。在蛇形管保温温度为400℃,浇注温度为670℃时能够获得半固态浆料。根据模拟得到的工艺参数进行流变挤压铸造试验,获得了良好的球状晶组织。     

Structural, mechanical and corrosion properties of TiOxNy/ZrOxNy multilayer coatings

Results on the deposition and characterization of TiO_xN_y/ZrO_xN_y multilayers, with bilayer periods of 20 and 400 nm, are presented. The coatings were deposited on TiNiNb alloy substrates by the pulsed magnetron sputtering method. The elemental composition, hardness, adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coatings were analyzed.As resulted from the XPS analysis, the individual layers consisted of a mixture of titanium or zirconium oxynitrides and corresponding oxides. X-ray analysis revealed that the coatings were amorphous. Only slight differences between the microhardness and adhesion values of the coatings with small and large bilayer period Λ were found. The experiments also showed that the multilayered coatings improved the corrosion resistance of the uncoated alloy and reduced the amount of ion release in artificial body fluids.     

生物医用NiTi形状记忆合金腐蚀研究进展

镍钛形状记忆合金(NiTi-SMA)具有较好的耐腐蚀和机械性能,在口腔和临床医学中有着大量而广泛的应用。NiTi-SMA腐蚀后释放Ni²⁺会引发细胞毒性和过敏反应,进一步提高NiTi-SMA的耐蚀性是目前生物医学材料领域发展的核心之一。本文对近年来国内外有关口腔医学和临床医学中常用NiTi-SMA的腐蚀研究现状进行了总结,同时也对NiTi-SMA增材制造及表面改性技术进行了评述,以期为开发高性能抗腐蚀生物医用NiTi-SMA提供一定的指导意义。     

Li掺杂Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3高熵陶瓷的制备及介电性能研究

近年来,在高熵合金基础上发展起来的高熵陶瓷逐渐引起了研究者的广泛关注,其出现为开发高性能的无机非金属材料提供了新的设计思路。本文采用固相法制备了BaMO3基钙钛矿型高熵陶瓷Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3 (x = 0, 2.3%, 5.3%, 8.3%, 11.3%),并研究了Li含量对高熵陶瓷物相结构、微观形貌及介电性能的影响。结果表明,Li含量对陶瓷结构的影响不大,陶瓷均保持立方钙钛矿结构,且无杂相产生;陶瓷的晶粒尺寸相对较均匀。当x = 0时,即B位七元等摩尔比Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li1/7)O3高熵陶瓷,其介电常数达到了最大值2920 (@100 Hz),相较于已报道的不掺Li的六元高熵钙钛矿陶瓷Ba(Ti1/6Sn1/6Zr1/6Hf1/6Nb1/6Ga1/6)O3提升了近50倍。     

MOCVD growth and characterizations of BxAl1−xAs and BxAl1−x−yInyAs alloys

Zinc-blende B_xAl_1−xAs and B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs alloys have been grown on exactly oriented (0 0 1)GaAs substrates by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). The influence of susceptor coating, growth temperature and gas-phase boron mole fraction on boron incorporation into AlAs has been comprehensively investigated. It has been found that boron incorporation into AlAs could be enhanced and the optimal growth temperature range of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys changed from 580 °C to 610 °C when SiC-coated graphite susceptors were replaced by the non-coated ones. In this study, the maximum boron composition x of 2.8% was achieved for the pseudomorphically strained B_xAl_1−xAs alloys. AFM measurements show that RMS roughness of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys increased sharply with the increase of gas-phase boron mole fraction. Raman spectra of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys show a linear increase of the BAs shift with boron composition x. Based on BAlAs deposition, bulk B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs (x = 1.9%) quaternary alloy was grown lattice-matched to GaAs successfully. Moreover, 10-period BAlAs/GaAs and BAlInAs/GaAs MQW heterostructures were also demonstrated.     

Ag/LaNixCo1-xO3触点材料的制备及电接触性能研究

本文运用溶胶-凝胶燃烧法合成了双钙钛矿型LaNixCo1-xO3(LNCO)纳米材料,利用粉末冶金和热挤压技术制备了相应的Ag/LNCO触点材料及元件样品。重点考察了不同Ni、Co含量对Ag/LNCO触点材料微观结构、物相组成、物理性能、力学性能及电寿命服役能力的影响,对其电弧侵蚀失效行为进行了研究,并与SnO2粉体增强Ag基触点材料进行对比。结果表明:溶胶凝胶法合成的LNCO纳米颗粒粒径为20-30 nm,经粉末冶金工艺制备的Ag/LaNi0.5Co0.5O3触点材料电学性能和电寿命都优于Ag/SnO2触点材料,其电阻率低至2.10 μΩ?cm,电寿命性能达到51287次。表明Ag/LaNi0.5Co0.5O3触点材料性能较佳,是一种可以取代Ag/CdO的新型触点材料。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of superconductors Ba1−xKxBiO3 and double perovskites Ba1−xKxBi1−yNayO3

Superconductors Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ and body-centered double perovskites Ba_1−xK_xBi_1−yNa_yO₃ have been selectively synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route. The appropriate ratio and adding sequence of initial reagents, alkalinity, reaction temperature and time are the critical factors that influence the crystal growth of the compounds. The purity and homogeneity of the crystals were detected by the ICP, SEM, EDX and TEM studies. Magnetic measurements show that the superconducting transition temperatures T_C of Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ decrease from 22 K (for x = 0.35) to 8 K (for x = 0.55) with increasing the K doping level.     

Magnetic phase diagrams of the TbRh2−xPdxPdxSi2 and TbRu2−xPdxSi2 systems

The a.c. susceptibility and high field magnetization on TbRh_2−xPd_xPd_xSi₂ and TbRu_2−xPd_xSi₂ compounds were investigated up to 140 kOe. The (T,x) magnetic phase diagrams were determined. For both systems, an increase in the Pd content causes a decrease in the Néel temperature and changes the magnetization curves.     

High strength and good ductility of casting Al-Cu alloy modified by PrxOy and LaxOy

A modified Al-Cu alloy with high tensile strength and ductility of about 574.0 MPa and 10.4%, respectively, was obtained by adding multiple rare earth oxides (Pr_xO_y and La_xO_y) as modifier. Compared with the unmodified Al-Cu alloy, the tensile strength and ductility of the modified sample were increased by 24.3% and 42.5%, respectively. The improvement both in the strength and ductility may attribute to the finer crystal grains and dendrites, more homogeneously distributed θ′ phase precipitates and the intermetallic compounds formed at the crystal grain boundaries as well as in the space of the dendrites.     

Si3N4/Ti/Cu/Ni/Cu/Ti/Si3N4二次部分瞬间液相连接强度

采用Ti/Cu／Ni中间层对Si3N4陶瓷进行二次部分瞬间液相(PTLP)连接，研究连接工艺参数对Si3N4／Ti/Cu／Ni连接强度的影响，同时研究了连接强度随试验温度的变化规律。结果表明，在该试验条件下，室温连接强度随着二次连接温度的提高和二次保温时间的延长而提高，改变连接工艺参数对Si3N4／Ti/Cu／Ni二次PTLP连接界面反应层厚度无明显影响；连接强度在试验温度400℃时达到最大，随后随试验温度升高，连接强度降低，但在800℃前，其高温强度具有很好的稳定性。