纳米二氧化硅增强尼龙12选择性激光烧结成形件

使用纳米二氧化硅增强尼龙12选择性激光烧结(SLS)成形件,通过溶剂沉淀法制备SLS用纳米二氧化硅/尼龙12复合粉末材料,研究了纳米二氧化硅对SLS成形件力学性能的影响,结果表明:纳米二氧化硅以纳米尺寸均匀分散在尼龙12基体中:复合粉末的粒径比纯尼龙12的粉末小,因而有利于提高烧结速率及成形件精度;复合粉末比尼龙12的粉末具有更高的热稳定性;复合粉末烧结件的拉伸强度、拉伸模量以及冲击强度比纯尼龙12烧结件分别提高了约20.9%、39.4%和9.5%,说明纳米二氧化硅对尼龙12 SLS成形件的增强效果显著.     

Study on the reinforcement of nanosilica on the selective laser sintered nylon–12 parts

使用纳米二氧化硅增强尼龙12选择性激光烧结(SLS)成形件, 通过溶剂沉淀法制备SLS用纳米二氧化硅/尼龙12复合粉末材料, 研究了纳米二氧化硅对SLS成形件力学性能的影响. 结果表明: 纳米二氧化硅以纳米尺寸均匀分散在尼龙12基体中: 复合粉末的粒径比纯尼龙12的粉末小, 因而有利于提高烧结速率及成形件精度; 复合粉末比尼龙12的粉末具有更高的热稳定性; 复合粉末烧结件的拉伸强度、拉伸模量以及冲击强度比纯尼龙12烧结件分别提高了约20.9%、39.4%和9.5%, 说明纳米二氧化硅对尼龙12 SLS成形件的增强效果显著.     

选择性激光烧结铝/尼龙复合粉末材料

制备了不同铝粉含量的尼龙12覆膜复合粉末,利用扫描电镜(SEM),能谱分析(EDX),差示扫描量热分析(DSC),热失重分析(TG)对粉末材料的形貌以及热性能进行了表征。对复合粉末进行激光烧结成形,并研究了不同铝粉含量对烧结件尺寸精度以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:尼龙与铝粉表面粘结良好,烧结过程中尼龙熔融,铝粉均匀分布在尼龙基体中;随着铝粉含量的增多,烧结件的弯曲强度和模量显著提高,冲击强度逐渐降低;铝粉质量分数为50 wt%时,烧结试样的弯曲强度和模量与纯尼龙烧结试样相比分别提高了62. 1%和122.3%;铝粉含量的增多能够有效抑制尼龙基体的收缩,提高烧结件的精度。      

尼龙12/铜复合粉末材料及其选择性激光烧结成形

通过溶剂沉淀法制备了尼龙12覆膜铜复合粉末材料，并制备了机械混合尼龙12／铜复合粉末材料。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对两种粉末材料的微观形貌进行了观察，对两种粉末的选择性激光烧结（SLS）成形件的强度及翘曲变形行为进行了对比研究。结果表明：尼龙12覆膜铜复合粉末材料中尼龙12包覆均匀，无裸露Cu粉存在，而机械混合尼龙12／铜复合粉末材料中尼龙12颗粒是零散地非均匀性分散在Cu粉颗粒中。在尼龙12含量及烧结工艺参数相同的条件下，尼龙12覆膜铜复合粉末SLS成形件的拉伸强度及弯曲强度是机械混合尼龙12／铜复合粉末SLS成形件的两倍以上，翘曲变形也明显小于机械混合尼龙12／铜复合粉的SLS成形件。     

激光烧结尼龙12/ 累托石复合材料的结构与性能

将尼龙12 与有机累托石的混合粉末进行激光烧结成型, 利用X 射线衍射(XRD) 、差示扫描量热分析(DSC) 、扫描电镜(SEM) 等手段对烧结试样的材料结构进行了表征, 并对其力学性能及热性能进行了研究。结果表明: 尼龙12 在激光烧结过程中插入到累托石层间, 形成了尼龙12/ 累托石纳米复合材料。复合材料的力学性能及热稳定性能同尼龙12 烧结试样相比均有不同程度的提高, 有机累托石质量分数为10 %时, 复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了10.7 %、15.9 %和38.7 % , 热分解温度提高了27 ℃。      

尼龙12覆膜铝粉激光烧结成形件的性能研究

常用的机械混合法很难将尼龙12和金属粉末材料混合均匀,容易出现偏聚,因而会造成选择性激光烧结(SLS)成形件中存在局部强度弱点、翘曲等缺陷.为此,提出了通过溶液沉淀法制备SLS成形用尼龙12覆膜铝粉,利用扫描电镜观察了尼龙12覆膜铝粉及烧结件断口的微观形貌,研究了铝粉含量及粒径对SLS成形件性能的影响.结果表明:尼龙12均匀地包覆在铝粉表面,无裸露铝粉颗粒存在,表明成功制备得到了尼龙12覆膜铝粉材料;当铝粉含量从0增大到50%时,烧结件的热变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量及硬度比纯尼龙烧结件分别提高了87℃、10.4%、62.1%、122.3%及70.4%;烧结件的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率及冲击强度均随着铝粉平均粒径的减小而增大.     

选择性激光烧结尼龙-12/聚苯乙烯复合材料

采用机械共混法制备不同成分的尼龙12(PA12)与聚苯乙烯(PS)复合粉末,对其进行选择性激光烧结制备成形制件,研究了PA12/PS复合粉末的成分对成形件的力学性能、尺寸精度及断口形貌的影响。结果表明:当PS的质量分数超过40%时PA12/PS成形件的力学性能明显降低,而当PS质量分数为20%时复合粉末烧结成形件的拉伸强度、断裂延伸率、弯曲强度以及弯曲模量比PA12烧结的成形件分别提高了7.08%、10.19%、6.51%和8.89%,且各方向尺寸精度同比PA12也均有提高。     

激光选区烧结尼龙12的老化及微观结构演变

材料的老化是影响激光选区烧结(SLS)制件性能与精度的重要因素,其本质原因与材料内部的微观结构变化有重要关系。因此,着重探讨尼龙12(PA12)的老化机制及经过不同次SLS工艺处理后的粉末及其对应制件的晶体结构、元素化学状态及性能变化。结果表明,老化的PA12粉末的XRD图谱呈现类似Brill转变的峰值合并现象,由此导致了老化粉末熔点的提高,且经过3次重复利用的粉末的烧结窗口扩大至31. 00℃。X射线光电子能谱分析证实了固态和熔态缩聚反应的存在,其使得老化粉末具有较高的成核温度。差示扫描量热实验的结果表明,采用PA12老化粉末制备的制件出现了结晶延迟现象,而且随着PA粉末老化程度的增加,固态缩聚使其结晶度不断降低。     

纳米ZrO2对热喷涂尼龙1010涂层非等温结晶与熔融行为的影响

利用火焰喷涂法制备了尼龙1010(PA1010)/n-ZrO2复合涂层,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对复合涂层的非等温结晶过程、熔融行为进行了分析.结果表明,纳米ZrO2粒子的加入不仅能提高复合涂层的结晶速率和结晶温度,而且使复合涂层的熔融峰肩峰的熔融温度高于纯PA1010涂层.结论:纳米ZrO2粒子具有成核剂的作用,诱导尼龙大分子结晶,使其结晶能力及结晶的完善程度提高.     

3D打印用尼龙66/Cu复合粉体的制备与性能EI北大核心CSCD

通过溶剂沉淀法制备3D打印用尼龙66(PA66)/Cu复合粉体材料,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、激光粒度分析仪和电子万能拉伸机等测试方法,研究了Cu不同加入量对PA66/Cu复合粉体及其烧结件的形貌、热性能、结构、粒度分布和力学性能的影响。由SEM和粒径分析结果发现,Cu的加入使得复合粉体的粒径大幅下降,外观更近似于球形; DSC结果表明,复合粉体结晶速率和烧结窗口温度均大于PA66,有利于SLS 3D打印成型; XRD结果显示,当Cu含量低于0. 5%时,Cu可以完全被包裹在PA66中,并且Cu的加入不会改变PA66的晶体结构;拉伸结果表明,Cu加入量在5. 0%以下时,能够有效改善烧结件的力学性能。     

Preparation, characterisation and processing of carbon fibre/polyamide-12 composites for selective laser sintering

Aiming at developing carbon fibre/polyamide-12 (CF/PA) composite powders for manufacturing high-performance components by selective laser sintering (SLS), the preparation, characteristics and sintering process of the composite powders and mechanical properties of sintered components were studied. Surfaces of the carbon fibres were treated by the oxidation modification and coated with polyamide-12 through the dissolution-precipitation process to provide good interfacial adhesion and homogenous dispersion within the polyamide-12 matrix. The particle size and micro-morphology analyses show that the CF/PA composite powders with 30 wt%, 40 wt% and 50 wt% carbon fibres present the suitable powder sizes and format for SLS. The incorporation of carbon fibres into the polyamide-12 matrix decreases the initial melting temperature and consequently lowers the SLS part bed temperatures, implying lower energy requirement and less thermal degradation in the sintering process. The CF/PA composites also represent higher thermal stability than the pure polyamide-12. The CF/PA sintered components with 30 wt%, 40 wt% and 50 wt% carbon fibres exhibit the greatly enhanced flexural strengths by 44.5%, 83.3%, 114%, and the flexural modulus by 93.4%, 129.4%, 243.4%, respectively, as compared with the pure polyamide-12 sintered parts. Fractured surface analysis shows that the carbon fibres are encapsulated and bonded well with the polyamide matrix. The complex SLS parts with the thinnest wall of 0.6 mm, the density of 1.09 ± 0.02 g/cm³ and the relatively density of 94.13 ± 1.72% were manufactured using the CF/PA composite powder with 30 wt% carbon fibres. This study demonstrates that the CF/PA composite powders prepared by the surface treatment and dissolution-precipitation method represent suitable interfacial adhesion, filler dispersion, particle sizes and sintering behaviours for SLS and enable the manufacture of complex components with high performance.     

纳米Al2O3化学镀铜粉杂质对烧结致密化的影响

用化学镀铜方法制备了纳米Al2O3化学镀铜复合粉末,并用常规粉末冶金方法对粉末的烧结特性进行了研究.纳米Al2O3化学镀铜复合粉末具有异常的粉末烧结特性和难于烧结的特点.通过对粉末清洗、热重分析(TG)、粉末及烧结试样的场发射扫描电镜(FT-SEM)及能谱(EDS)的观察分析,发现纳米Al2O3化学镀铜粉末表面吸附了化学镀溶液的杂质.这些杂质在粉末高温还原及烧结过程中发生热解,并在铜的表面沉积碳,影响了纳米Al2O3化学镀铜粉的烧结.     

聚苯乙烯/聚酰胺-12合金的选择性激光烧结成形

在选择性激光烧结(SLS)成形中,聚苯乙烯(PS)成形件精度高但其力学性能差,而聚酰胺-12(PA12)成形件力学性能高但其尺寸精度较差。为此,通过添加增容剂合成了PS/PA12合金粉末并用于SLS成形,研究了PS/PA12合金、PS及PA12成形件的力学性能、精度及断口微观形貌。结果表明,PS/PA12合金成形件的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、冲击强度、弯曲强度及弯曲模量分别是PS成形件的4.72倍、1.94倍、4.92倍、4.57倍及1.37倍;PS/PA12合金粉末成形件在x、y及z方向的尺寸误差比PA12分别降低了46.9%,47.3%及20.3%。说明PS/PA12合金粉末成形件兼顾了PS成形件精度高及PA12成形件力学性能好的优点,具有较高的推广使用价值。     

PA6/磺化石墨烯功能微球的制备及性能研究

以己内酰胺(CL)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、磺化石墨烯(SG)为主要原料,通过阴离子聚合反应诱导相分离的方法,制备得到了一系列粒径可控的PA6/SG杂化微球。SG在PS的存在下,选择性分散在CL单体中,形成CL/PS/SG悬浮液;再通过CL原位阴离子聚合制备PA6/PS/SG合金,利用甲苯除去PS相后可以获得粒径分布在10~50μm的PA6/SG微球。扫描电镜及粒径测试结果表明,PS及SG含量可以影响PA6微球的形貌及尺寸。通过透射电镜可确定SG选择性分散在了PA6相中,同时SG的加入可有效地改善PA6的热稳定性、结晶性、熔融性能和烧结性能,并且适用于3D打印激光烧结领域。     

Effects of copper addition on the sintering behavior and mechanical properties of powder processed Al/SiC<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Bold">p</Emphasis></Subscript> composites

The effect of copper addition on powder processed Al-10 vol% SiC composites was studied in regards to their sintering responses. Copper was mixed with aluminum powder either as elemental powders or as the coated layer on SiC particles. After sintering at 600°C for 1 h, Al-SiC composites with no copper addition showed little densification. It also demonstrated very low bend strengths of 49 and 60 MPa, indicating poor bonding between the powders in the sintered composite. The addition of 8% copper to the Al/SiC system effectively improved the sintering response, producing over 95% theoretical density, a bend strength of 231 MPa with the copper coated SiC, and a 90% density with over 200 MPa bend strength with the admixed copper.The as-sintered microstructures of the Al–SiC composites clearly revealed particle boundaries and sharp pores, indicating that only a limited neck growth occurred during sintering. In the case of Al–Cu–SiC composites, however, a liquid phase was formed and spread through particle boundaries filling the interfaces or voids between SiC particles and the matrix powders. The coated copper on SiC particles produced a somewhat better filling of the interface or voids, resulting in a little more densification and better sintered strength. Since the solubility of copper in aluminum is less than 2% at the sintering temperature, the alloying of copper in the aluminum matrix was limited. Most of the copper added was dissolved in the liquid phase during the sintering and precipitated as CuAl₂ phase upon cooling.