面向鲜食葡萄冷链物流的无线实时监测系统

为了保证鲜食葡萄冷链物流过程中的质量安全,提高冷链物流过程透明度,以ZigBee协议为基础,围绕CC2530型无线传感片上系统,设计了面向鲜食葡萄冷链物流的无线实时监测系统。系统包括集成温湿度传感器和SO2传感器的传感器节点、用于建立和维护ZigBee网络与数据汇集的协调器节点以及用于远程实时监控的远程监测系统,同时在模拟葡萄冷链环境(0℃恒温)下对系统进行了测试。结果表明,监测系统能够很好地应用于鲜食葡萄冷链物流过程;传感器节点在恒温0℃时工作可靠,且能够稳定、准确地监测冷链环境温度、相对湿度及SO2浓度等关键参数的变化过程。     

基于车载GPS终端的城市环境健康监测平台设计

针对当前应用的空气质量监测系统定点、定时监测存在的范围局限、实时性差等问题,设计并研发了基于车载GPS终端的城市环境健康监测平台系统。系统包括车载环境感知节点、数据服务中心和PC监测终端。以STM32为主处理器的环境感知节点采集SO2、PM2.5、温湿度等空气质量信息,通过SIM5320模块获取节点的实时位置信息并与数据服务中心进行数据通信。PC监测终端可实时查看节点当前位置的空气质量状况,并绘制区域空气质量分布监测云图。系统实时准确地监测环境质量状况,弥补了当前宏观环境监测的不足,为有效控制污染及解决环境问题提供了有力参考。     

基于物联网定位模型的网络节点能耗感知识别

由于现有网络节点能耗感知识别方没有对网络节点信号进行映射,不能获取节点对应的物理坐标位置,导致在网络节点能耗感知识别速度较慢,识别结果不理想.提出基于物联网定位模型的网络节点能耗感知识别方法,建立物联网定位模型,对网络节点信号进行映射,获取网络节点对应的物理坐标位置,将全局网络非线性问题进行优化,分别进行求解;结合网络节点能耗感知识别方法选择对应簇首节点,将该节点作为依据设定感知识别区域并对相关节点数据进行提取,建立数据回传节点集,对感知识别区域内数据回传节点集进行分析,通过数据回传节点集完成网络节点能耗的感知与识别.实验结果表明,所提方法的感知识别速度较快,感知识别结果的可信度较高以及准确性更高.     

低功耗温室无线测量节点的设计

为了提高温室环境参数的监测效果,采用射频SoC芯片nRF9E5、数字温湿度传感器SHT11及光强度传感器TSL2560D,设计了无线温湿度及光照度监控系统的测量节点;并根据无线通信系统的特点设计了系统的软硬件结构,其低功耗无线传输模式降低了节点的能耗.经调试和试验运行,系统具有可靠性高、使用方便、通信节点容量易扩展等优点,这对较大空间的温湿度及光照度的监控具有良好的应用价值.     

基于RFID和低占空比机会路由协议的冷链物流监控系统设计

针对现有冷链物流监控系统往往侧重于系统软硬件设计或仅对感知层获取的数据进行压缩融合处理,没有考虑到可靠、节能和短路径路由协议的设计,设计了一种基于RFID和低占空比机会路由协议的冷链物流监控系统;首先给出了系统总体结构框图,并对各组成部分即RFID标签,标签阅读器、节点和汇聚节点均进行了硬件设计,然后,设计了一种基于低占空比休眠机制的机会型路由协议,通过汇聚节点广播Hello数据包确定数据传输方向和邻居候选节点集,在此基础上进一步通过预测候选节点在某时刻的状态来确定是否为最终的候选节点获得转发机会;通过部署实验进行测试,结果证明文章设计的系统能实时有效地对冷链物流系统进行有效监控,较其它方法,具有数据传输路径短、数据包到达率高和数据延时短的优点,具有较大的优越性。     

一种无线传感器网络非线性抽样能耗优化方案

无线传感器网络现有的各种能耗优化技术大多隐含假设应完整地收集和传递感知数据,从而侧重于信息收集和传输过程的能量节约和能耗平衡.提出了一种新的能耗优化方案,首先利用感知相关性完成监控同一目标的所有传感器的完全聚类;然后根据类内节点感知数据的空域相关性与事件源活动的随机性,在保证应用精度的前提下,非线性地选取感知数据收集节点,仿真结果表明方案能够充分削减感知数据中冗余细节的收集和传输,大大降低活动事件源监控节点的能耗,延长网络寿命.     

基于粒子滤波的物联网通信终端信息智能监测系统设计

传统通信终端信息智能监测系统在信息监测过程中,未考虑节点信息遗漏问题,导致监测精准率低。提出基于粒子滤波的物联网通信终端信息智能监测系统设计。依据物联网环境特征,将系统整体架构划分为终端感知单元、监控开关单元和客户端单元,对各单元组成硬件进行改进;采用粒子滤波算法,对协调器中节点信息进行PAN标识。智能扫描节点信息是否有遗漏,在扫描限制范围内对遗漏信标进行统计,获取信标相应协调器信息,并发出连接请求,对节点地址进行重新分配,在新地址上添加连接成功状态指令,优化开发软件监测功能,完成系统设计。实验结果表明,该系统对节点中的遗漏信息进行充分处理,实时显示波长稳定,显示结果清晰度好,有效提高了监测精准度。     

基于ZigBee的环境参数远程无线监控系统设计

针对室内环境参数的远程监控问题,提出一种基于ZigBee技术与手机进行实时数据交换的远程无线监控系统:传感器节点采集环境中的温湿度、光强和烟雾浓度数据,通过ZigBee无线网络将数据传输到中心协调器;协调器与WIFI模块通过串口连接,将数据发送到互联网;另外,设计Android手机软件对监测数据进行获取,并发出对参数进行调节的指令,从而完成远程的无线监控任务;经过测试,通过手机可以在任何有网络的地方实时对环境参数进行采集和控制,且各节点性能稳定,满足长期监测的需求。     

基于代理和熵权的无线传感器网络数据融合

为了解决节点分布密集环境中网络数据融合能耗较大的问题,提出了一种基于代理和熵权的分组融合算法。该算法首先通过节点监测数据相似度的对比,摒除组内故障节点的影响;然后采用C/S模式对组内节点进行融合,以组融合数据代替节点数据参与融合;最后采用代理模式对各组融合数据进行熵权融合。仿真结果证明该方案能以较小的能耗代价获取准确的融合结果,有效减少了网络延迟。     

粮库无线温湿度传感器网络的监测节点设计

无线传感器网络节点通过自组织的方式构成网络,实时感知并采集处理周边环境参数,获取准确信息。本文对粮库无线温湿度传感器网络监测节点进行研究,给出节点结构,设计了节点的硬件电路,并对节点进行了软件检测。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.