面向全自主智能机器人的无标定图像视觉伺服控制研究

在利用全自主智能机器人检测、搬运目标物的过程中,为了提高主机元件对机器人的伺服控制效果,设计了一种无标定图像视觉伺服控制方法。首先,根据机器人轨迹的无标定估计结果,计量目标物的位姿点,推导出机器人无标定图像中的目标物检测与追踪条件。按需连接视觉伺服控制器,通过求解机器人无标定运动内积的方式,计算图像视觉特征的伺服选择标准,实现对机器人无标定图像视觉特征的伺服选择。然后,在无标定图像中定义雅克比矩阵,根据图像视觉分割原则,完成机器人图像角点的伺服匹配处理,再通过确定强化控制参数的取值范围,实现无标定图像的视觉伺服控制。根据实验可知,应用该方法可以解决智能机器人难以运动至标定区域的问题,为提高伺服控制指令的执行有效性提供了保障。     

Design of robotic visual servo control based on neural network and genetic algorithm

A new visual servo control scheme for a robotic manipulator is presented in this paper, where a back propagation (BP) neural network is used to make a direct transition from image feature to joint angles without requiring robot kinematics and camera calibration. To speed up the convergence and avoid local minimum of the neural network, this paper uses a genetic algorithm to find the optimal initial weights and thresholds and then uses the BP algorithm to train the neural network according to the data given. The proposed method can effectively combine the good global searching ability of genetic algorithms with the accurate local searching feature of BP neural network. The Simulink model for PUMA560 robot visual servo system based on the improved BP neural network is built with the Robotics Toolbox of Matlab. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can accelerate convergence of the image errors and provide a simple and effective way of robot control.