Starch Derivatives of High Degree of Functionalization. 13. Novel Amphiphilic Starch Products

Amphiphilic starch derivatives of high degree of substitution (DS) were prepared by benzylation of pea, potato and waxy maize starch followed by the introduction of hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium and carboxymethyl moieties. The conversions were carried out under heterogeneous conditions leading to products with a total DS of up to 1.8. The starch composition regarding amylose and amylopectin influences the DS value. The structure of the products was characterized by means of elemental analysis, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and, in case of benzyl carboxymethyl starch by means of HPLC after complete chain degradation. The tensioactive properties depend on the DS values of hydrophilic and lipophilic groups and can be adjusted by controlling the molar ratio anhydroglucose unit to reagent during the synthesis. Surface tensions as low as 48.6 mN/m were found for benzyl hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium starch and 38.6 mN/m for benzyl carboxymethyl starch. The lowest critical micelle concentration determined is 2.1 mmol/L.     

高取代度阳离子淀粉的制备方法研究

用玉米淀粉与3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPTMA)为原料,通过常温干法和高温干法制备高取代度季铵型阳离子淀粉醚。研究了水的用量、氢氧化钠用量、醚化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对取代度和反应效率的影响。当淀粉用量为100g、CHPTMA用量为0.345mol、氢氧化钠用量为0.375mol、反应温度80℃、反应时间2.5h时为最佳反应条件,此时,取代度为0.445,反应效率为79.6%。     

半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉

研究了半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的各种影响因素,研究表明:最佳工艺条件是:醚化剂用量ω=55%;氢氧化钠用量ω=1.0%;体系含水量ω=26%;反应温度70℃;反应时间4h;加入适量催化剂Eω=10%,能制备出取代度0.510,反应效率达88.7%的高取代度阳离子淀粉.     

高取代度阳离子淀粉的制备与应用

讨论了半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的影响因素,优化出制备高取代度(DS为0.45)阳离子淀粉的最佳工艺条件,并将其作为助留剂应用于漂白麦草浆.研究结果表明,此淀粉对漂白麦草浆有很好的助留效果,当其用量为0.2%时,填料留着率可达87.6%.