Facile sonochemical synthesis and photocatalysis of Ag nanoparticle/ZnWO_4-nanorod nanocomposites

A facile sonochemical method was developed to synthesize metallic Ag spherical nanoparticles on the surface of ZnWO_4 nanorods by forming heterostructure Ag/ZnWO_4 nanocomposites.The Ag/ZnWO_4 nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The experimental results showed that fcc metallic Ag nanoparticles were supported on surface of monoclinic sanmartinite ZnWO_4 nanorods.The Ag3d_(3/2) and Ag 3 d_(5/2) peaks have well-separated binding energies of 6.00 eV,certifying the existence of metallic Ag.The Ag/ZnWO_4 nanocomposites were evaluated for photodegradation of methylene blue(MB)induced by ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)radiation.In this research,heterostructure 10 wt% Ag nanoparticle/ZnWO_4-nanorod composites have the highest photocatalytic activity of 99%degradation of MB within 60 min.The increase in photocatalytic activity was the result of photoinduced electrons in conduction band of ZnWO_4 that effectively diffused to metallic Ag spherical nanoparticles and the inhibition of electron-hole recombination process.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Ag/Graphene Nano- composite

采用氧化还原法制备不同银含量的银/石墨烯纳米复合材料 (银质量分数分别为0%, 30%, 46%, 56%, 63%)。并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、光电子能谱仪(XPS)、高倍透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和拉曼光谱(Raman)分析银含量对银/石墨烯纳米复合材料形态和显微结构的影响。结果表明,氧化石墨和银离子被成功地还原成银/石墨烯纳米复合材料,所得石墨烯由3~4单层碳原子层堆砌缠绕而成,同时银纳米颗粒沉积在石墨烯的表面。银纳米颗粒的介入有效地阻碍了石墨烯的团聚,增大了石墨烯的比表面积。银纳米颗粒的尺寸与银含量相关,当银含量较低时,银纳米颗粒在石墨烯表面具有很好的分散性且粒度基本分布在25~50 nm之间,而当银含量超过46%时将会导致银纳米颗粒的团聚。另外, 银纳米颗粒增强了石墨烯的拉曼效应。     

Facile Synthesis of Ag@AgCl Plasmonic Photocatalyst and Its Photocatalytic Degradation under Visible Light

采用简单的沉淀-光还原法合成了具有可见光催化降解有机物高活性的Ag@AgCl等离子共振光催化剂。采用扫描电镜、X射线能谱、透射电镜、XRD、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和XPS等手段对催化剂进行了表征。通过可见光下降解甲基橙进行光催化活性测试。结果显示,Ag@AgCl由于Ag纳米粒子的等离子共振效应而具有较强的吸收可见光性能。对光催化反应参数如投加量、光还原时间及pH值等进行了优化,在最优条件下,经过120 min可将83%的甲基橙降解。优异的光催化活性归因于银纳米颗粒的等离子共振效应。最后对光致电荷的分离机理进行了讨论。     

多孔钛表面聚多巴胺层修饰及其载银研究

通过多巴胺自聚合在碱热处理多孔钛表面构建了聚多巴胺(PDA)膜层,利用聚多巴胺自身的还原性,成功将纳米银颗粒载入聚多巴胺修饰多孔钛表面,并探讨了沉积时间对纳米银颗粒负载量的影响。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、接触角测定仪和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对聚多巴胺修饰及其载银多孔钛表面进行表征。研究结果表明,多巴胺能够在多孔钛表面自聚合形成聚多巴胺层,保留了钛表面的多孔结构;纳米银颗粒均匀沉积在PDA修饰的多孔钛表面,随着沉积时间的增加,多孔钛表面纳米银颗粒的负载量增加。     

Ag-TiO2复合纳米颗粒的自组装法制备及其光催化性

采用空气-水界面自组装法制备TiO2纳米粒子,将其放入AgNO3溶液中浸泡,后在较低温度下进行热处理(400℃),获得Ag-TiO2复合纳米颗粒.利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外可见光谱(UV-vis)等分析测试手段进行表征.结果表明:复合粒子可以显著提高TiO2颗粒光催化活性.以甲基橙为模拟污染物,经过光催化试验,证实复合纳米粒子具有较好的光催化活性,降解率达到96.25％.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of Ag-loaded β-Bi2O3 microspheres under visible light irradiation

The visible-light-driven photocatalyst Ag/β-Bi₂O₃ microspheres were synthesized by a simple chemical method. First, β-Bi₂O₃ microspheres were obtained by a thermal treatment of sphere-like Bi₂O₂CO₃ precursor at 360 °C for 3 h in air and then Ag nanoparticles were in situ incorporated into β-Bi₂O₃ microspheres by impregnation method. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. The experimental results demonstrated that the visible light absorption of β-Bi₂O₃ photocatalyst is greatly enhanced with the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles. The SEM and TEM observations revealed that the Ag nanoparticles can be homogenously incorporated in the β-Bi₂O₃ microspheres. The photocatalytic activity of Ag/β-Bi₂O₃ sample was evaluated by the photodegradation of the Rhodamine-B under visible light irradiation as a function of Ag content. It is found that the photocatalytic efficiency of β-Bi₂O₃ can be significantly improved with the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles up to 2.0 wt% Ag. The mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity is also presented.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of new photocatalyst Ag/AgCl/ZnO

A new composite photocatalyst Ag/AgCl/ZnO was fabricated by a two-step synthesis method under the hydrothermal condition. The sample was characterized by XRD, TG-DSC, SEM, TEM, DRS and XPS. The results showed that the samples were composed of Ag, AgCl and ZnO, and the particle size was in the range of 100 nm-1 μm. Methyl orange (MO) was used as a representative dye pollutant to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl/ZnO. The photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl/ZnO catalyst was higher than that of the pure ZnO catalyst. It was found that the Ag/AgCl/ZnO structure changed to Ag/ZnO gradually after several repeated experiments. However, the photocatalytic ability of the sample was not reduced. Finally, a possible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed.     

Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of Ag/ZnO Nanocomposities Fabricated by Co-Precipitation Method

A Ag/ZnO nanocomposite has been synthesized and characterized for investigating its photocatalytic activity.The morphology and particle size of the Ag/ZnO was studied by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and the microstructure of the as-synthesized nanocomposite was confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis.The elemental composition of the metal oxide was determined by energy dispersion spectrometry(EDS).Diffuse reflectance spectra(DRS),Photoluminescence(PL) spectra,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) were also studied for characterizing the nanocomposite.The average particle size was found to be around 20–30 nm.Photocatalytic activity of Ag/ZnO has been investigated over methyl violet(6B) dye under UV and visible light irradiation.The degradation of methyl violet(6B)dye using ZnO and Ag/ZnO was compared and found that Ag/ZnO composite is more efficient than ZnO.The rate of disappearance of dye was monitored spectrophotometrically in the maximum visible absorption wavelength and the extent of degradation was discussed in terms of Langmuir–Hinshelwood model.The Ag/ZnO composite was found capable of degrading the industrial dye effluent.Effect of H2O2addition on dye degradation by the Ag/ZnO was investigated and Ag/ZnO was found to be an effective antimicrobial agent.Reusability of Ag/ZnO catalyst was also tested.     

银反点阵列/TiO_2材料的制备及光催化性能研究

采用胶体晶体模板技术和磁控溅射工艺,制备了银反点阵列修饰TiO_2薄膜。用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、紫外-可见分光光度计和四探针测试仪等手段对复合薄膜的结构和光催化性能进行了表征。结果表明,银反点阵列具有优良的导电性能,可有效抑制光生载流子的复合,增强载流子输运的效率,使TiO_2的光催化性大幅提升。     

载银TiO2纳米管阵列的光催化和抗菌性能研究

利用阳极氧化法在钛金属基体表面制备高度有序的TiO2纳米管阵列薄膜(TNA),将其浸泡在AgNO3溶液中,通过紫外光照射,得到Ag纳米颗粒负载在TNA表面的复合结构(Ag-TNA)。采用SEM、EDS、XRD、XPS、UV-Vis光谱等手段对Ag-TNA复合结构进行分析,研究了Ag-TNA复合纳米结构的光催化性能、光电化学性能及抗菌性能。结果表明,相对于TNA,Ag-TNA复合结构表现出更为优良的光电化学活性,同时又具有优良的广谱抗菌性能。     

磁性Fe3O4/Ag复合纳米粒子制备与抗菌性能

采用箔-纤维-箔法和1150℃/150 MPa/30 min的真空热压工艺成功制备了SiCf/Ti-43Al-9V复合材料,并使用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪对该复合材料微观组织的形成进行了研究.结果表明,制备过程中SiC纤维与TiAl基体合金发生反应,并形成一定厚度的反应层;基体组织为等轴晶,粒径约为8 μm,与原始合金组织相比明显细化;从反应层到远处的TiAl基体合金,基体合金的组织由全γ相转变为α2/γ片层组织、γ晶粒和晶间B2相的混合组织.其中全γ相区域的厚度为2～4 μm,并围绕纤维分布.根据Ti-Al-V相图、C原子和V原子的扩散,分析了这两个基体区域的形成机理,并结合热压成形过程中的塑性变形和变形储存能,解释了基体合金晶粒大小的变化.     

纤维素/ZnO复合膜的制备及其光催化性能

为克服纳米粉体光催化剂易团聚、难回收和容易引起二次污染等缺点,采用"一步"水热法在纤维素膜表面原位生长多孔球形微纳米ZnO颗粒。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)和热重分析仪(TG)分析了纤维素/ZnO复合膜的微观形貌、组成、晶体结构、热稳定性以及ZnO的负载量;采用紫外-可见分光光度计根据亚甲基蓝溶液的降解测试其光催化活性。结果表明:该方法可成功实现纤维素膜对ZnO颗粒的负载,且当加热时间为12h时,负载的ZnO颗粒数量多分布均匀,且为多孔球状并呈典型的纤锌矿结构。在紫外光照射下,纤维素/ZnO复合膜具有优越的光催化性能,可用于降解染料等有机物;当ZnO负载量为6 mg时,3h内亚甲基蓝的催化效率为90%。     

纳米Ag粒子与SiO_2复合薄膜的热稳定性

采用溶胶-凝胶法利用水解反应制备了纳米Ag粒子与SiO2复合的nano-Ag∶SiO2薄膜,通过对Ag纳米粒子局域表面等离子体共振(SPR)吸收光谱的观测,探讨了薄膜的热稳定性。利用TG-DSC、XRD、TEM、SEM和EDS等对nano-Ag∶SiO2的物性进行了研究。结果表明:nano-Ag∶SiO2薄膜在不同温度(200～900℃)下热处理,随着热处理温度的升高,薄膜中Ag纳米粒子的SPR特征吸收峰从无到有并逐渐增强,500℃、600℃峰值强度最强,然后逐渐减弱至消失;薄膜500℃热处理的热稳定性良好,复合纳米材料中SiO2为非晶态;当热处理温度升至700℃时,随退火时间的增加出现Ag纳米粒子扩散挥发的现象,并且SiO2由非晶态逐渐转变为晶态。     

载银氧化锌多孔微棒的合成与光催化性能(英文)

采用均匀沉淀法于80°C下水热2h合成棒状掺银酒石酸锌,以此为前驱体通过直接热分解制备不同含银量的多孔载银氧化锌微米棒。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外可见光谱(UV-VIS)和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等手段对所得产物的结构和形貌进行表征,并进一步研究多孔载银氧化锌的光催化活性。结果表明:银的掺入提高了多孔氧化锌的光催化效率。掺杂量为3%(摩尔分数)的多孔氧化锌微棒的光催化效率最高,在120min内可使80%的甲基橙降解,且在太阳光下显示良好的光催化活性。     

负载纳米CeO2的多孔银的制备、表征及SERS研究

采用NaOH溶液腐蚀Ag/CeO2/ZnO前驱体,制备出含有纳米CeO2微粒的多孔银复合材料。随着ZnO组元被溶解,CeO2微粒均匀分散到纳米多孔银的内表面。形貌表征表明,通过调节前驱体中ZnO的含量可细化纳米多孔AgCeO2复合材料的微观结构,当ZnO加入摩尔分数为70%时,CeO2微粒尺寸为6 nm。表面拉曼增强效应(SERS)测试表明,CeO2纳米微粒的形成和分散显著增强了多孔银的SERS性能;该复合材料在可见光条件下能够降解罗丹明(R6G)并有较好的自清洁性。     

Ag/介孔CeO_2纳米复合材料的合成、表征及抗菌性能(英文)

利用改进的溶剂挥发诱导自组装法(EISA)制备高比表面积介孔CeO2,通过改进的乙二醇还原法,在得到的介孔CeO2中负载上不同量的银。采用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能谱仪(EDS),N2吸附-脱附法方法对产物进行表征。由BJH方程计算得到材料的孔径分布,以BET法计算材料的比表面积。研究负载不同比例银纳米粒子的介孔CeO2的结构及其抗菌活性。实验表明所制备的新材料具有很好的抗菌性能。     

石墨相碳化氮复合材料的制备及其可见光光催化性能的研究

目的提高半导体石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)的光催化性能。方法通过Hummers法和半封闭一步热裂解法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)和g-C_3N_4,再分别利用溶剂热法、热缩聚法和浸渍化学还原法制得相应的TiO_2/g-C_3N_4、ZnO/g-C_3N_4、RGO/g-C_3N_4复合材料。采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等手段对复合材料进行表征,并以降解罗丹明B(Rh B)来评价其在可见光下的光催化性能。结果以尿素与三聚氰胺的混合物为原料通过热裂解法制备的g-C_3N_4,比使用纯尿素制备的g-C_3N_4具有更优的催化效果。TiO_2、ZnO、RGO的引入提高了g-C_3N_4的光催化活性,Rh B的降解率分别为95.6%、95.0%、78.1%。RGO质量分数为2.0%时,RGO/g-C_3N_4复合材料的催化效率最高。结论通过g-C_3N_4特殊的能带调控优势与TiO_2、ZnO、RGO的协同作用,提高了复合材料在可见光区的吸收强度和电子传导能力,进而提高了在可见光下的光催化性能。     

纳米Cu_2O/Ag/TiO_2三层复合薄膜的结构及性能

通过磁控溅射方法制备了一种新颖的纳米Cu2O/Ag/Ti O2三层复合薄膜。用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外可见分光光谱仪(Uv-vis)和荧光光谱仪(FLO)对薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌、光学性能及Ag金属中间层的存在对复合薄膜的影响进行了分析。此外,对薄膜光催化性能的研究表明,插入Ag层的纳米Cu2O/Ag/Ti O2三层复合薄膜显示出远高于Cu2O/Ti O2双层复合薄膜的可见光催化活性。催化性能的提高归因于Ag金属中间层的存在,提高了三层复合薄膜的可见光吸收强度,增加了表面积,促进了激发电子的转移及光生电子和空穴的分离。     

单相纳米晶Ag_2Al颗粒的制备及表征(英文)

采用自悬浮定向流法制备单相Ag2Al金属间化合物纳米颗粒及Ag和Al纳米颗粒;利用透射电镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱分析、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱等对纳米Ag2Al微晶的形貌、粒度、相组成、成分及微结构进行表征。研究表明:所制备的金属间化合物纳米粒子为球形的六边形结构,其平均粒径为33μm,样品中Ag和Al的摩尔比非常接近标准配比2:1,颗粒由单相的Ag2Al组成。对放置在空气中的Ag2Al纳米颗粒表面成分进行分析,XPS测试结果表明:在Ag2Al微晶表面形成了一层很薄的氧化物膜,可能是铝的氧化物或银铝氧化物。实验证实,通过控制气相反应的工艺条件可以制备出粒径很小的单相Ag2Al纳米晶。     

Modification of Parylene film-coated glass with TiO2 nanoparticles and its photocatalytic properties

A titania film was deposited on Parylene-coated glass by a one-step, ultrasound-assisted procedure. The TiO₂ nanoparticles formed during the sonochemical hydrolysis of Ti(i-OPr)₄ were thrown to the surface and strongly attached to the Parylene substrate. By using different solvents (water, ethanol or their mixture) and reagent concentrations, the thickness, uniformity and crystallinity of the deposited layer were regulated. PVP was used to stabilize the highly homogeneous distribution of TiO₂ nanocrystals on the Parylene surface. The morphology and structure of the coated films were characterized by physical and chemical methods such as: X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), and optical spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the titania-modified Parylene film in the photo discoloration of methylene blue was demonstrated. The experimental results revealed a correlation between the uniformity of the nanostructured anatase titania film and its photocatalytic properties.