己二酸活性炭过滤系统的设计与优化

通过分析研究己二酸生产装置脱色过滤系统现状,对过滤系统进行优化,创造性地设计了全自动清洗时序,优化了进料管线进料位置,并对清洗废液进行了回收。解决了目前活性炭过滤系统手动清洗劳动强度大、系统不稳定的现象,并降低了己二酸高纯水单耗,减少了生产废水排放,从而实现了节能减排的双重目的。     

TFT基板玻璃清洗工序水循环系统杂质去除浅析

TFT基板玻璃生产过程中清洗工序通过盘刷、滚刷、二流体、超声波等单元清洗基板玻璃表面,去除掉生产过程中产生的玻璃粉、研磨粉、纸粉等杂质,每个单元都需要大量水冲淋基板玻璃,为节省用水量,水通过水箱滤芯过滤后循环使用,根据水中杂质含量的不同滤芯的过滤精度也不同。普通过滤系统只有一个滤芯过滤,滤芯负载大,过滤能力弱。含有导流槽的过滤系统在滤芯前方增加一个导流槽,将大的杂质和颗粒从水中剥离出来,减轻了滤芯的负载,提高了水循环系统去除杂质能力,延长了滤芯的使用寿命,提升了水的水质。     

甲醇装置渣水过滤系统的改进及优化

针对渣水过滤系统不稳定运行造成的系统水质差,管道结垢、堵塞,外排废水不合格,系统水量消耗大等情况,通过对某公司25万t甲醇装置的渣水过滤系统进行改进及优化,使得气化装置运行更加稳定,为其他单位渣水处理提供经验。     

低浊度废水的微絮凝变孔隙深层过滤

研究了微絮凝变孔隙深层过滤处理低浊度废水时,滤料粒径、絮凝剂种类、投加量、滤速等因素对过滤效果的影响。试验结果表明：由于变孔隙结构等原因,该系统具有用药量省、阻力损失小、出水量大及整床过滤效能好等优点。     

选用、设计喷漆室及相关设备的经验谈（Ⅱ）

2.2供风系统供风系统是向喷漆室供给经调温、调湿、除尘的清洁的新鲜空气的设备,是一个多功能的大风量系统。按喷涂工艺的要求,可对送入喷漆室的空气进行过滤、加热、冷却和加湿。它是由新鲜空气入口(栅栏、调节百叶窗)、初(粗)过滤、水洗(喷淋段、挡水板)、加热、后过滤、供风机、消声器等单元组合在一个通道式的镀锌钢板制的室体内构成。上述各功能单元段的选用及组合取决于涂装工艺要求、当地气候条件和工厂现场条件。根据我国的气候条件,喷漆室的供风系统一般不设计降温冷却单元。因风量大,夏季降温耗能量及投资大,近几年来南方有些新建…     

某光纤原料粉尘捕集除尘器滤筒破损原因分析与技术改进

滤筒过滤,因其滤布的褶皱形式,具有过滤面积大,整体系统占地面积小,经济性高的优点.某光纤制造公司光纤机床系统机尾除尘设有1～8#模块除尘器,采用滤筒型过滤部件,收集光纤机床运行过程中产生的大量二氧化硅粉尘.为了更优的清灰效果,在对滤筒及系统设计做改动时,导致滤筒破损.对整个除尘系统从温度、化学侵蚀、外力冲击和磨损、低端...     

常规过滤器的优化设计

过滤器是保障化工生产系统不受杂质影响,可以正常运行的重要辅助设备。常规的过滤器在杂质含量高时堵塞频繁,投资大,设备占地面积大,泄漏点增加。为了保证系统可靠工作,延长过滤器的使用寿命,对常规过滤器进行了优化设计,使其过滤性能提高,过滤安全得到保障。     

液环真空压缩机在酮苯脱蜡装置真空过滤系统中的应用

酮苯脱蜡装置真空过滤系统早期采用往复式压缩机,普遍存在设备易损件多、检修困难、维护量大、能耗大等问题。最近几年,往复式压缩机逐步被液环真空压缩机替代。通过对两种压缩机的优缺点进行分析比较,阐明液环真空压缩机在技改中的应用优势及特点,并结合酮苯脱蜡真空过滤系统的应用工况,对液环真空压缩机的选型换算及配套关键点作出说明。     

一种超细微粒过滤系统

这种PallSeptra过滤系统无须预涂,过滤无件具有受专利保护的“月牙”形打褶结构,因此过滤面积大。与用圆柱形过滤元件的系统比,设备更紧凑,因而节省投资。这种1μm过滤系统处于1台预涂型过滤器下游时,由铁、镍、钙、镁、锶构成的固态杂质将平均减少80%～100%,由此使电流效率提高。隔膜内(阴极)、外(阳极)盐水水位始终不出现差异,也有助于电流效率上升。该过滤器全部由高分子材料构成,可防止盐水受金属杂质污染;独特的设计使滤饼厚度均匀,能抵抗再生时为脱除滤饼所加的机械应力。据称,用于非石棉隔膜第二级过滤,寿命可确保5a。一种超细微粒…     

磷酸萃取过程的挖潜与节能、减排（续完）

2.3 过滤系统动力学平衡 2.3.1 过滤、洗涤流体流动特征 过滤过程分滤饼形成、滤饼压缩和真空干燥三个阶段[1]. 1、滤饼形成阶段 从过滤开始至滤饼表面开始暴露,孔隙内流体流动特征为液体单相流.随石膏结晶颗粒的沉淀形成滤饼,结晶与结晶之间的孔隙由大变小、滤饼增厚,滤饼发生压缩.压力降稳定增加的过程为滤饼形成阶段.     

Improved Filtration Performance of Continuous Alumina-fiber-reinforced Mullite Composites for Hot-Gas Cleaning

The effect of filtration layer morphology on filtration performance at 673 K was investigated for continuous alumina-fiber-reinforced mullite composite filters that capture fly ash on their outer surfaces. Two types of filtration layers were prepared on the outer surfaces: a mono-layer consisting of mullite agglomerated particulates and a bi-layer, with mullite whiskers formed by a vapor-phase reaction and strongly adhered to the particulates exposed on the outer surfaces. For filters with mono-filtration layers, the filtration efficiency was improved slightly by increasing the filtration layer thickness. However, the maximum differential pressure increased during the filtration tests. Adhesion of whiskers to the outer surface decreased the maximum differential pressure to about one-third less than that with the mono-filtration layer. This low differential pressure remained constant throughout the duration of the test, with corresponding increases in filtration efficiency.     

Modeling of Microfiltration with Simultaneous Particle Deposition on the Inner and Outer Surfaces of a Membrane

A mathematical model for the microfiltration in a dead-end apparatus has been developed. The simultaneous processes of microparticle deposition on the inner and outer surfaces of a membrane have been considered, and the macrokinetics of filtration has been described by a unified system of nonlinear differential equations. The numerical solutions of the model have been analyzed, and the model has been verified.     

高频振动膜处理含油污水实验研究

使用机械振动和超滤组件结合的高频振动剪切超滤膜过滤系统,来考察振动频率、进口压力、料液流量等因素对膜系统渗透通量和分离性能的影响。利用清水、含油污水和0．1％NaOH溶液来研究高频振动剪切超滤膜过滤系统的性能,对比了常规静态错流膜过滤与高频振动剪切膜过滤,验证振动剪切膜过滤方式的可行性和有效性。     

膜表面孔结构对PVDF超滤膜耐污染性能的影响

本文通过改变纺丝制膜工艺得到两种不同表面结构的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）中空纤维超滤膜,一种中空纤维膜外表面光滑,膜孔颈在膜表面,一种中空纤维膜表面相对粗糙,膜孔颈位于膜外表面层下,它们的泡点压力和水通量相当;通过用这两种外表面结构不同的膜过滤卵清蛋白、淀粉、SiO2悬浮液、柴油4种典型体系进行实验,实验结果发现过滤卵清蛋白体系时,这两种不同表面结构的膜耐污染性能基本上相当,过滤其它3种体系时,表面粗糙的膜耐污染性能明显好于表面较光滑的膜。     

基于纤维取向的纳米纤维滤料设计及其性能

通过基于霍夫变换的图像分析法获取静电纺纳米纤维取向分布信息,分析纤维取向对纳米纤维滤料性能的影响,并据此设计制备了中间为杂乱纤维层、两侧为相互垂直的取向纤维层构成的复合纳米纤维膜滤料。采用扫描电镜对纳米纤维膜形貌进行观察并获取SEM图像,进行了透气性、拉伸性能、孔径尺寸和过滤性能测试。结果表明,纳米纤维膜纤维分布方向拉伸断裂强度高,纤维取向各向异性比例理论值和实验值相吻合,纤维取向是影响纳米纤维膜力学各向异性的主要参数;取向纳米纤维膜滤料孔径较大且有许多微粒可逃逸的通道,其过滤效率和过滤阻力均较低,与文献中报道的数值模拟结果相一致;所设计制备的复合纳米纤维膜滤料结合了取向纳米纤维膜滤料力学性能优良和杂乱纳米纤维膜滤料过滤效率高的优点,其纵向和横向断裂强度分别为8.85MPa和8.71MPa,气流流速为25L/min时过滤效率高达99.691%。     

低浓度悬浮液的动态过滤特性研究

文章以超细CaCO_3颗粒和水的悬浮物为对象,研究了旋叶式过滤机中低浓度悬浮液的浓度、旋叶转速、过滤压力对过滤速率、滤液澄清度的影响,结果表明在低浓度范围内的动态过滤具有过滤速率高、滤液澄清度高等优点,是一个很有应用价值的过滤方法。     

Effects of dietary supplementation of saturated fatty acids and of n−6 or n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma and red blood cell membrane phospholipids and deformability in weanling guinea pigs

The fatty acid composition of plasma cholesteryl esters, plasma phospholipids, red blood cell (RBC) membrane phosphatidylcholine (corresponding to the outer membrane leaflet), and phosphatidylethanolamine (corresponding to the inner membrane leaflet) was investigated in weanling guinea pigs fed with diets of cacao (saturated fatty acids), sunflower oil [n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)] or fish oil (n−3 PUFA) for 20 wk. RBC deformation was measured by means of a cell-transit analyzer (filtration) and a cone-plate rheoscope. The contents of saturated fatty acids in plasma phospholipids and RBC membrane leaflets were similar in all three groups. Diets with sunflower oil resulted in a high content of linoleic acid in plasma cholesteryl esters and in the outer leaflet of RBC membranes. Fatty acids of fish oil were mainly incorporated in plasma phospholipids and in the inner leaflet of RBC membranes. The arachidonic acid content was high in all groups in the plasma phospholipids and in the inner leaflet. The n−6 and n−3 PUFA were mainly incorporated in the inner leaflet. In all groups the polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio and the total PUFA content were similar in the inner RBC membrane. The RBC filtration times and the RBC deformation indices were not affected by the dietary treatment.     

Investigation of Aerosol Penetration Through Individual Protective Equipment in Elevated Wind Conditions

A methodology to characterize particle penetration characteristics of individual protective equipment (IPE) under elevated wind conditions was developed. Performance of a complete IPE system can be determined from the knowledge of the performance characteristics of the IPE subsystems, or components. Here, particle penetration characteristics of a cylindrical-shaped component, consisting of an outer fabric sleeve enclosing an inner appendage, were studied as a function of particle size and ambient wind conditions. A component particle penetration model was developed by combining a potential flow model to calculate flow through and around a component with a filtration model. The filtration model combines classical filtration theory with simple bench-top experiments to determine net particle penetration. The component model predictions of particle penetration through a cylindrical component suggest that its filtration performance is strongly dependent on particle size and ambient wind velocities. To test model predictions, wind-tunnel experiments were conducted over an ambient wind velocity range of 10–80 mph (5–40 m s^?1) and particle diameter range of 10 nm to 2 μm. The experimental results validated model predictions of particle penetration through a cylindrical component. The component model can be extended to model the integrated IPE system considering it to be composed of a combination of cylindrical components.

Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research     

往复旋转管式陶瓷膜超滤脱脂奶水溶液的研究

往复旋转管式陶瓷膜过滤系统通过膜组件往复旋转在膜表面反复产生高剪切率,达到减缓膜污染的效果。在相同操作条件下,与单向旋转过滤和死端过滤相比较,往复旋转过滤具有更好的减缓膜污染的作用。本实验利用往复旋转膜过滤装置超滤脱脂奶水溶液,考察了各种参数对该膜系统过滤特性的影响。实验结果表明,料液浓度增大,膜通量减小;过高的操作压差将会抑制膜通量增加;旋转速度增大,膜表面剪切强化作用增强,膜通量相应增大;膜稳态通量随往复旋转周期增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当料液速度达到膜组件转速时,瞬时反方向旋转膜组件,膜表面产生最大的剪切率,膜稳态通量也达到最大值。能耗分析表明,往复旋转过滤较单向旋转过滤单位通量能耗低。     

磷酸过滤系统结垢堵塞的原因及处理措施

分析磷酸过滤系统结垢堵塞的原因,介绍云峰公司磷酸装置过滤系统结垢堵塞状况,提出减少结垢、堵塞,提高开车卑的具体措施采用高品位的磷矿,严格控制革取槽的工艺指标,加强过滤系统技术管理,搞好设备维护工作。