Impact of three interior color schemes on worker mood and performance relative to individual environmental sensitivity

Effects of three office color schemes (red, blue-green, and white) were examined for 90 workers' mood and productivity, taking into account individual differences in environmental sensitivity (high screeners vs. low screeners). Matched on relevant variables, subjects were assigned to one of three offices. Workers performed office tasks for 4 consecutive workdays. Workers in the red office reported more dysphoria than workers in the blue-green office. Low screeners reported more dysphoria in the red and white offices than high screeners. High screeners performed better on office tasks in the red office and poorer in the blue-green office than low screeners. The results for performance are discussed as an extension of the Yerkes-Dodson principle, while the results for mood tended to support previous findings. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 22, 121–132, 1997.     

Work week productivity,visual complexity,and individual environmental sensitivity in three offices of different color interiors

This report is the fourth in a series from a large scale study that examines the effects of three office color interiors (white, predominately red, and predominately blue‐green) on worker productivity. Matched on relevant variables, participants were assigned to one of three offices and performed simulated office tasks for four consecutive days. Productivity was measured through workers' task performance and task accuracy, taking into account individual differences in environmental sensitivity (i.e., stimulus screening). The findings suggested that the influences of interior colors on worker productivity were dependent upon individuals' stimulus screening ability and time of exposure to interior colors. Implications of office workers' long‐term productivity are discussed in relation to issues concerning the visual complexity of interior environments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 130 – 143, 2007     

The effects of achromatic and chromatic color schemes on participants' task performance in and appraisals of an office environment

This study explores the effects of chroma on participants' performance and environmental appraisal of an office. The research was conducted in a full‐scale experimental room designed as a private office where achromatic and chromatic color schemes with coequal values were applied. Sixty participants were assigned tasks and given a questionnaire to appraise the spatial color schemes. The findings show that chroma significantly affects performance and space appraisal. In terms of accuracy and time spent performance scores measured significantly better in the room with the chromatic scheme than those in the room with the achromatic scheme. The office with the chromatic scheme was found to be more pleasant, attractive, satisfying and dynamic than the one with the achromatic scheme, whereas the achromatic scheme was thought to be more formal and harmonious. Categorization of pleasantness, harmony, dynamism and spaciousness by factor analysis also showed differences between the achromatic and chromatic schemes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012     

光子晶体结构色纺织材料的制备及应用研究进展

为解决当前纺织印染行业大量使用高污染、高能耗且易褪色的传统化学染料和颜料的问题,针对结构生色材料所具有的不含着色剂、颜色鲜艳、不易褪色等特点,本文综述了近年来光子晶体结构色纺织材料的制备及应用研究进展。介绍了光子晶体结构及其结构生色机理,阐述了结构色纺织材料常用的制备方法,着重归纳了光子晶体结构色在纤维、纱线、织物及颜料等方面的应用,并分析了其在应用过程中存在的问题。分析表明,光子晶体结构色纺织材料已经可以达到大面积快速制备,且在织物上构筑结构色较为方便且研究较多,在纱线上构筑结构色的研究较少,在纤维上构筑结构色容易赋予其功能性且相关研究逐渐增多。最后总结了光子晶体结构色应用于纺织领域所存在的问题,并对该研究方向进行了展望。     

Proposal of an opponent‐colors system based on color‐appearance and color‐vision studies

A new theoretical color order system is proposed on the basis of various studies on color appearance and color vision. It has three orthogonal opponent‐colors axes and an improved chromatic strength of each hue. The system has color attributes whiteness w, blackness bk, grayness gr, chroma C, and hue H. A method is given for determining Munsell notations of any colors on any equi‐hue planes in the system. A method is also given for determining grayness regions and grayness values on hue‐chroma planes in the system. It is concluded that colors with the same color attributes [w, gr, bk, C] but with different hues in the theoretical space have approximately the same perceived lightness, the same degree of vividness (“azayakasa” in Japanese), and also the same color tone. The tone concept, for example used in the Practical Color Coordinate System (PCCS), is clarified perceptually. The proposed system is a basic and latent color‐order system to PCCS. In addition, the concept of veiling grayness by a pure color with any hue is introduced. Further, relationships are clarified between generalized chroma c(gen) and grayness. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 29, 135–150, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10234     

Reinforcing effect of nanocrystalline cellulose and office waste paper fibers on mechanical and thermal properties of poly (lactic acid) composites

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared from office waste paper (OWP) by sulfuric acid hydrolysis method in this paper and it was used to prepare a series of poly (lactic acid) PLA/NCC composites by using a dissolution method in solvent N, N-dimethylformamide solution. The results indicated that with the addition of only 3 wt% NCC, the composites exhibited outstanding mechanical property. The tensile, bending and impact properties of the PLA/3NCC composite were improved by 8.2%, 13.1%, and 35.9% than those of pure PLA, respectively. On this basis, office waste paper fibers (OWF) were also used as a physical blended filler to enhance PLA/NCC composites to reduce the preparation cost of PLA composites and the perfect PLA/NCC/OWF sample was easily manufactured by melting–blending and injection molding. According to the crystallization and melting performance table, both NCC and OWF can act as nucleating agent to promote the crystallization properties on composites, while the blends did not have positive effect on thermal stability. Furthermore, the water absorption and degradation properties of PLA composites were also studied. This work not only provided a novel idea for the utilization of office waste paper but also successfully produced environment friendly composites with favorable mechanical properties and crystallization performance.     

助熔助色剂对无铅无镉釉上彩熔剂性能的影响

用正交实验法研究了在碱.硼.硅系统基础熔剂中, 外加助熔助色成分MgO、CaO、SrO、BaO四种碱土金属氧化物的添加量及R2O:RO、SrO:CaO、RO:SiO2对无铅无镉釉上彩熔剂性能的影响规律.综合考虑熔剂的熔融性能、化学稳定性、彩烤效果等,对上述影响因素的最佳值进行了讨论.     

氮、磷对单针藻兼养生长与油脂合成的影响

在兼养条件下,应用Andrew方程考察氮、磷营养盐对单针藻生长的影响。分别计算得到单针藻对磷的半饱和常数与对氮的半饱和常数。结果表明:KSP相似文献   

粒度和含水率对秸秆成型燃料生产能耗的影响

针对成型燃料规模化生产中原料参数的优化问题,以陕西某年产2万吨的秸秆成型燃料加工生产线为例,采用离散系统仿真软件ExtendSim对成型燃料生产线进行仿真。研究了粉碎粒度和干燥后的含水率对成型燃料的生产率及整体比能耗的影响,得出理论能耗的最优参数组合并与调研的生产性试验结果进行比较。敏感性分析发现,压块燃料的整体比能耗对参数变化更敏感,而颗粒燃料的生产率对参数变化更敏感。因此,按对参数变化敏感性更高的性能指标进行最优化参数选择。结果表明:与原经验参数相比,压块燃料按参数(15%,20～30mm)优化后理论节能11.64%,相关生产性试验节能10.36%;颗粒燃料按参数(10%,10mm)优化后理论节能5.58%,相关生产性试验节能6.36%.本文提出的按对参数变化更敏感的性能指标选择最优参数组合的方法使生产能耗更低,为成型燃料原料参数选择提供理论依据,指导工程实践。     

反应条件对聚氨酯/丙烯酸水分散体合成及性能的影响

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-80)、PPG1080、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主要原料合成了聚氨酯／丙烯酸水分散体(PUA)树脂。研究了影响PUA合成、稳定性和漆膜性能的各种因素。     

纤维对3D打印混凝土打印性能与力学性能的影响

为了研究纤维掺入对3D打印混凝土(3DPC)性能的影响,通过掺入聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚丙烯(PP)纤维以及剑麻纤维,探究了纤维对3DPC流变性能、打印性能、力学性能以及孔结构的影响规律。流变性能测试结果表明,3DPC的静态屈服应力与三种纤维的掺量均呈线性上升关系,但纤维对3DPC流变性能的影响程度有所差异。打印性能测试结果表明PVA纤维的掺入会降低3DPC的可挤出性,但能明显提高挤出后混凝土的尺寸均匀性。力学性能与孔结构的测试结果表明,PP纤维对3DPC抗压强度有明显的提升效果,剑麻纤维对3DPC抗折强度有最显著的增强效果,而纤维掺量提高会降低3DPC表观密度,使内部孔隙率增加,从而导致高掺量纤维的增强效果弱于低掺量纤维。     

氨化造粒缓释复合肥料对水稻生长及产量的影响

通过田间试验,研究了氨化造粒缓释复合肥料对水稻分蘖、产量、品质、氮素利用率以及经济效益的影响。结果表明,施用氨化造粒缓释复合肥料与常规肥料相比,水稻秧苗茎蘖数增加16.7%,产量增加11.8%,氮素的农学利用率、吸收利用率和生理利用率分别提高了71.6%、50.0%和24.4%,整精米率和蛋白质质量分数分别提高了16.44%和5.31%,经济效益增加了14.5%。     

MPEG对PE-HD／POM共混材料性能的影响

为改善高密度聚乙烯(PE–HD)／聚甲醛(POM)体系的相容性,采用聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG)作为相容剂,研究MPEG对PE–HD／POM共混材料性能的影响。结果表明,MPEG的加入提高了PE–HD／POM共混材料的力学性能,实验范围内随着MPEG用量的增加,共混材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度均不断提高;扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热及红外光谱分析表明,MPEG的加入改善了共混材料的相容性。     

发泡工艺和发泡剂用量对丁基橡胶发泡材料阻尼吸声性能的影响

研究硫化时间、硫化温度以及偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)发泡剂用量对丁基橡胶发泡材料阻尼性能和吸声性能的影响。结果表明:在165℃下硫化30 min时,发泡丁基橡胶有最佳的阻尼性能;在160℃下硫化50 min时,发泡丁基橡胶有最佳的吸声性能。随着发泡剂AC的加入,丁基橡胶发泡材料的阻尼性能和吸声性能均有明显提升。当发泡剂AC用量较小时,材料阻尼性能较好;当发泡剂AC用量为6份时,材料吸声性能较好。     

Effects of PEG on Morphology and Permeation Properties of Polyethersulfone Membranes

Abstract

Flat sheet asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared from a homogenous solution of PES via immersion precipitation in a water coagulation bath. The effect of the solvents (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)) in preparation of the casting solution was studied. The effects of the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG) (400, 1500, and 6000 Da) on the morphology and the permeation properties of PES membranes were also investigated. Surface and cross-sectional morphology of the prepared membranes were studied by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The permeation performance of the prepared membranes was evaluated in terms of pure water flux (J_w), water content, porosity, hydraulic permeability, protein solution flux, and protein rejection. A solution of human serum albumin (HSA, Mw = 66,000 Da) was used as feed to study the permeation properties of the prepared membranes. Increasing molecular weight of PEG additives from 400 to 6000 Da enhances pure water permeation flux and HSA solution permeation flux while it reduces the protein rejection.     

Effects of biodiesel on a DI diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics

Experimental tests were investigated to evaluate the performance, emission and combustion of a diesel engine using neat rapeseed oil and its blends of 5%, 20% and 70%, and standard diesel fuel separately. The results indicate that the use of biodiesel produces lower smoke opacity (up to 60%), and higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) (up to 11%) compared to diesel fuel. The measured CO emissions of B5 and B100 fuels were found to be 9% and 32% lower than that of the diesel fuel, respectively. The BSFC of biodiesel at the maximum torque and rated power conditions were found to be 8.5% and 8% higher than that of the diesel fuel, respectively. From the combustion analysis, it was found that ignition delay was shorter for neat rapeseed oil and its blends tested compared to that of standard diesel. The combustion characteristics of rapeseed oil and its diesel blends closely followed those of standard diesel.     

流动与非流动测热方式对酶催化反应放热测量的影响

采用微量热仪(Micro DSCⅢ)对鸡肝酯酶催化α-乙酸萘酯水解反应进行了流动与非流动测热方式的对比研究。研究显示,流动测热的流速对反应热测量结果有较大影响,当30μL浓度为120mmol/L的α-乙酸萘酯底物以0.22 mL/min的流速流经0.5 g固定化鸡肝酯酶时,催化反应放出的热量为0.033 J,持续放热时间为495 s;而流速为0.18 mL/min与0.35 mL/min时,测得的放热量分别为0.030 J与0.025 J,持续放热时间分别为625 s与365 s。用与流动测热相同酶活单位的鸡肝酯酶液酶进行非流动测热,所得到目的反应热的量为0.035 J,持续放热时间为800 s。与非流动方式测热相比,流动测热方式的测量灵敏度较高,检测出目的放热量所需时间较短,但不能充分检测出生化反应热总热量。     

Effects of hue,saturation, and brightness on color preference in social networks: Gender‐based color preference on the social networking site Twitter

Account information for over 1 million Twitter users was downloaded and analyzed to determine color preference. Blues were found to be the most preferred color, whereas greens were least preferred. Distinct gender‐specific differences were found. Males preferred blues to a greater extent than females, whereas females preferred magentas to a much greater extent than males. Males preferred darker colors to a greater extent than women. Density plots within hue, saturation, and brightness space summarize the distribution of color choices and illustrate color preferences for both males and females. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 38, 196–202, 2013.     

软段含量对丁羟聚氨酯脲动态力学和压缩性能的影响

以羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)和3,5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺(E-300)为原料,制备了不同软段含量的丁羟聚氨酯脲(HTPB-PUA)弹性体,通过拉伸、动态力学分析、平衡溶胀以及压缩永久形变等测试研究了HTPB-PUA的软段比例对其交联度、动态力学性能与压缩性能的影响。结果表明,HTPB-PUA随软段含量增加,交联密度下降,拉伸强度降低,对模量变化的影响不明显。压缩永久形变性能随软段含量增加而降低,回弹能力增强。     

小叶榕榕树须总黄酮提取及对羟自由基清除研究

采用乙醇提取法从小叶榕榕树须中提取黄酮类物质,对所提取的黄酮类物质进行了验证,并用紫外分光光度法测定其含量。测得样品中总黄酮的质量浓度为1.151mg/mL,回收率为99.36%,纯度和产率均较高。测定了该提取液对Fenton体系产生的羟自由基的清除作用,结果表明,提取液含量的增加,对羟自由基的清除能力也增强。