制药工程专业《药剂学》课程教学改革的探索

制药工程专业《药剂学》的教学对新型制药人才的培养具有重要意义。本文分析当前高校在制药工程专业《药剂学》教学的现状与不足,结合笔者近几年的教学经验和体会,从教学内容改革、引入案例式与问题式等教学方法、开展虚拟仿真实验教学和加强实践教学等方面入手探讨如何提高制药工程专业《药剂学》课程的教学效果。通过这些措施,在一定程度上激发了学生的学习积极性,培养学生将知识运用于实践的能力,进一步为提高《药剂学》教学水平提供参考。     

药剂学绪论课教学方法探讨

《药剂学》绪论课在药学学生专业核心课程学习旅程中占据了非常重要的引导作用,本文论述了《药剂学》课程绪论教学的重要性,从教学内容和方法上提出了讲好药剂学绪论课的具体措施.     

《中药药剂学》 与 《药剂学》 制剂工艺及质量标准差异初探

《中药药剂学》与《药剂学》教学在制剂工艺及质量标准方面有很多共性,但是也存在明显差异。如何通过比较中药制剂和化学制剂在理论依据和治疗特点、来源、前处理、剂型处方和工艺、辅料、质量标准、稳定性等方面的不同点,是授课教师向学生讲授的重要内容。在查阅查阅相关文献和书籍后,对《中药药剂学》与《药剂学》教学在制剂工艺及质量标准方面差异进行了一些分析和探讨,对于教学和人才培养具有重要意义。     

高职《药剂学》课程教学资源库建设的研究与实践

从高职教育内涵出发,以现代教育教学理论为指导,强调工学结合校企合作的教学特色,注重支持开放性、发展性、创新性的教学过程,分析了高职《药剂学》课程教学资源库建设的思路和意义,构建了适合高职教育的《药剂学》课程教学资源库模型。     

基于CDIO理念的药剂学教学改革

根据《药剂学》课程在教学中出现的不足,结合药剂学课程本身的特点,提出基于CDIO教学理念对其进行了包括理论和实验内容的优化、改进教学方法等方面的探索,以提高课程教学质量和效果,培养学生的综合实践能力和创新能力。     

由点到线及面的教学设计在中药药剂学的应用

《中药药剂学》是中药学专业的专业核心课程,涵盖了中药各剂型成型的基本原理、基本方法、基本技术与应用,涉及的知识点多而繁杂,难以建立完整而规范的知识体系。在学生不断更新学习观念的基础上,不仅要掌握知识点,理清课程内、课程间的"线",还应学会构建知识体系,形成本门课程自身应具备的态度、情感、价值观。本文将由点到线及面的"教"与"学"设计应用于《中药药剂学》的教学过程中,提高《中药药剂学》课堂教学质量。     

基于创新应用型人才培养模式下药剂学教学改革初探

为提高高职类院校药学专业《药剂学》课程教学效果,更好的解决企业需求与人才培养目标不适的矛盾,结合《药剂学》学科特征,从教学内容、教学方式、实践教学、考核方式等方面进行了一些实践与探索。从改革效果上看,激发了学生学习主动性,也创造了更加良好的学习模式与学习环境。就近年来教学中存在的问题进行了初步探索,以期为药学类专业教学质量的提升提供参考和借鉴。     

基于中药学专业人才培养目标的中药药剂学教学设计研究

《中药药剂学》是高等中医院校中药学专业人才培养课程体系中的核心专业课程。近年来,基于中药学专业人才培养目标的要求,中药药剂学的学科内涵不断完善,教学内容不断丰富。为适应新形式的需要,对中药药剂学课程的教学设计进行探讨与研究,旨在为促进该课程的优化提供思路,为祖国中医药人才培养奠定基础。     

《药剂学》考核模式改革探索

通过对《药剂学》课程的特点与考核方式现状的分析,说明了课程考核模式改革的必要性。本文针对药学专业《药剂学》课程考核模式进行改革,从以前以期末考试理论成绩考核转化为随堂考核、建立《药剂学》试题库、实验实践考核和撰写科研论文或专题综述四个方面对学生进行综合素质的考核和评分,以提高《药剂学》教学质量和教学效果。     

新形势下应用型高校《药剂学》课程思政教学探索与实践

课程思政是国家对新时期高等教育提出的新要求,当前背景下已成为专业课教学与思政教育相结合的重要途径。本文就应用型高校《药剂学》教学中融入课程思政理念的必要性及其探索实践进行了阐述,旨在有效地提高药剂学课程的教学效果,为国家、社会培养具有专业素质硬、政治素养高及恪守职业道德情操的复合应用型专业人才,同时为同类型课程思政教学提供参考。     

硅烷处理N2O氧化苯生产苯酚催化剂抑制结碳失活研究

The main cause to the deactivation of ZSM-5 catalyst, used for oxidation of benzene to phenol (BTOP) by nitrous oxide, is that the carbon deposition on the catalyst surface blocks the mouth of pores of the catalyst.In the experiments, ZSM-5 catalyst was modified by chemical surface deposition of silicon, and then the effect of modification condition on the catalyst activation was studied. The catalyst samples were characterized by XRF,EPS, XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption at low temperature, pyridine adsorption-infrared technique and etc. All the above results show that the uniform SiO2 membrane can be formed on ZSM-5 crystal surface. The SiO2 membrane covers the acid centers on ZSM-5 surface to inhibit surface coking, to avoid or decrease the possibility of ZSM-5 pore blockage so that the catalyst activity and stability can be improved efficiently. The optimum siliconiting conditions determined by the experiments are as follows: 4% load of silanizing agent, volume (ml)/mass (g) ratio of hexane/ZSM-5=15/1, and 16 h of modification time. Compared with the samples without siliconiting treatment,the samples treated under the above optimum condition can increase the productivity of phenol by 14% for 3 h reaction time and by 41% for 6 h reaction time respectively.     

基于魏格纳分布的鼓泡流化床中结焦早期诊断

An experimental verification is reported on the early predicting index of agglomeration in bubbling fluidized bed. Coarse quartz sand, which has the same density but larger diameter than the bed material, was used to simulate the initial agglomerated particle. Wigner distribution was used to analyze the pressure fuctuation of the tested bed, and the average amplitude of local domain frequency （LDF） and local peak weighted average frequency （LPWA） under different operating conditions were measured and compared. The results showed that the LDF is sensitive to the agglomeration phenomena and had quick response to the incipient agglomeration in fluidized beds. It can be concluded from the results that these two parameters could be taken as the characteristic indexes to the agglomeration in fuidized beds.     

用NRTL方程推算高压汽液平衡并同时描述过量焓

The non-random two liquids （NRTL） equation together with the Pitzer/Curl Virial equation of state are used to investigate the simultaneous representation of excess enthalpies （h^E） and vapour-liquid equilibria （VLE） and the VLE prediction from h^E data. The calculation strategy for properly determining NRTL parameters and the effect of their temperature dependence on the simultaneous correlation of h^E and VLE data and the VLE extrapolation are analysed in detail.     

颗粒尾涡增强湍流的大涡模拟以及气固两相流中湍流变动的数值模拟

The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities behind the particle are in agreement with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling results and experimental results. A semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model is proposed by the present-authors based on the LES resuits. This model is incorporated into the second-order moment two-phase turbulence model for simulating vertical gas-particle pipe flows and horizontal gas-particle channel flows. The simulation results show that compared with the model not accounting for the particle wake effect, the present model gives simulation results for the gas turbulence modulation in much better agreement with the experimental results.     

一种用于计算机辅助产物设计中基于BP-NN优化问题的求解方法

Because of the powerful mapping ability, back propagation neural network (BP-NN) has been employed in computer-aided product design (CAPD) to establish the property prediction model. The backward problem in CAPD is to search for the appropriate structure or composition of the product with desired property, which is an optimization problem. In this paper, a global optimization method of using the a BB algorithm to solve the backward problem is presented. In particular, a convex lower bounding function is constructed for the objective function formulated with BP-NN model, and the calculation of the key parameter a is implemented by recurring to the interval Hessian matrix of the objective function. Two case studies involving the design of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) inhibitors and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) nano composites are investigated using the proposed method.     

燃烧法制备二氧化钛催化剂的条件对其可见光催化性能的影响

Titania catalysts were synthesized by a solution combustion method （SCM）. Photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP） using the synthesized catalysts was studied under both visible light （λ≥420nm） and sunlight irradiation. The effect of preparation conditions on photocatalytic activities of the synthesized catalysts was investigated. The optimal photocatalytic activity of the catalyst （denoted as A1 ） was obtained under the following synthesis conditions： ignition temperature of 350~C, fuel ratio （ φ） of 1 and calcination time of lh. The degradation and mineralization ratio of 4-CP were 78.2% and 53.7% respectively under visible light irradiation for 3h using catalyst A1. And the catalyst A1 also showed high photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation.     

DCV-GCMD方法模拟近临界条件下乙烯、苯与乙苯在圆柱形孔道中苯烃化反应条件下的吸附和传递性质

Abstract A cylindrical pore model was used to represent approximately the pore of β-zeolite catalyst that had been used in the alkylation of benzene with ethylene and spherical Lennard-Jones molecules represented the components of the reaction system-ethylene, benzene and ethylbenzene. The dual control volume-grand canonical molecular dynamics (DCV-GCMD) method was used to simulate the adsorption and transport properties of three components under reaction in the cylindrical pore at 250℃and 270℃in the pressure range from 1 MPa to 8 MPa. The state map of the reactant mixture in the bulk phase could be divided into several different regions around its critical points. The simulated adsorption and transport properties in the pore were compared between the different near-critical regions. The thorough analysis suggested that the high pressure liquid region is the most suitable region for the alkylation reaction of benzene under the near-critical condition.     

约束优化控制的约束调整与目标协调及在重油分离器过程中的作用

In this paper, the feasibility and objectives coordination of real-time optimization (RTO) are systemically investigated under soft constraints. The reason for requiring soft constraints adjustment and objective relaxation simultaneously is that the result is not satisfactory when the feasible region is apart from the desired working point or the optimization problem is infeasible. The mixed logic method is introduced to describe the priority of the constraints and objectives, thereby the soft constraints adjustment and objectives coordination are solved together in RTO. A case study on the Shell heavy oil fractionators benchmark problem illustrating the method is finally presented.     

酚醛树脂改性煤焦油沥青中制得的中间相球体的结构特征

Mesocarbon microbeads （MCMB） were prepared from coal tar pitch modified by phenolic resin and from the same pitch modified by phenolic resin and hexamethylenetetramine at 440℃ for lh. By investigating the morphology of mesophase spheres and the structure of the MCMB carbonized at 1000℃ for lh using scanning electron microscope （SEM） and XRD, it was found that phenolic resin accelerated the formation and coalescence of mesophase spheres. Some of the obtained MCMB were hi- or tri-spheres with the distorted microtextural carbon layers. Hexamethylenetetramine in the pitch modified by phenolic resin accelerated the condensation of phenolic resin and consequently expedited the combination of mesophase spheres, which was proved by the formation of some tetra-spheres. Owing to the cross-linkage of the additives, MCMB with complex structure were obtained.     

杂合基因算法在酵母中间代谢途径代谢通量分析中的应用

A scheme of investigating the intracellular metabolic fluxes in central metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on isotope model and tracer experiment was developed. The metabolic model applied in this study includes the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, CO2 anaplerotic reactions, ethanol and acetate formation, and pathways involved in amino acid synthesis. The approach of hybridized genetic algorithm combined with the sequential simplex technique was used to optimize a quadratic error function without the requirement of the information on the partial derivatives. The impact of some key parameters on the algorithm was studied. This approach was proved to be rapid and numerically stable in the analysis of the central metabolism of S.cerevisiae.