电渗析淡化器

电渗析是利用离子交换膜的选择透过性,在外加直流电场作用下,使淡水室中的离子迁移到浓水室中去,从而达到使水淡化的目的。电渗析技术应用很广,目前广泛应用于给水除盐。可以经济地用于苦咸水淡化(将     

浓水循环频繁倒极电渗析工艺应用实例

简述了山东铝矿业公司生活饮用水的水质特点,从原水预处理、电渗析除盐、消毒设施等方面阐述了水处理工艺流程,详细论述了浓水循环一频繁倒极电渗析系统的除盐工艺、酸洗系统及控制系统,并提出了其主要设备的运行参数。     

江苏省无锡县纯水设备厂产品

CD型系列冲模式电渗析器一、结构原理及特点: 电渗析的基本原理是将盐水解质导入具有选择性的阴、阳离子交换膜、浓淡水隔板交替排列在正负极之间所组成的电渗析器中,当盐水解质在电渗析槽中流过时,在外加的直流电场作用下,利用离子交换膜对阴,阳离子具有选择性的特点,使水中的阴阳离子定向地由淡水隔室迁到浓水隔室,从而达到淡化除盐的目的。同时还能达到较好的除氟效果。     

江苏省无锡县纯水设备厂产品

CD型系列冲模式电渗析器一、结构原理及特点: 电渗析的基本原理是将盐水解质导入具有选择性的阴、阳离子交换膜、浓淡水隔板交替排列在正负极之间所组成的电渗析器中,当盐水解质在电渗析槽中流过时,在外加的直流电场作用下,利用离子交换膜对阴、阳离子具有选择性的特点,使水中的阴阳离子定向地由淡水隔室迁到浓水隔室,从而达到淡化除盐的目的。同时还能达到较好的除氟效果。     

电渗析处理焦化废水反渗透浓水的工程应用研究

结合某焦化废水深度处理与回用工程项目,考察了电渗析处理焦化废水反渗透浓水的状况和不同工艺参数对膜性能的影响,明确电渗析处理焦化废水反渗透浓水的脱盐率和能耗。结果表明,焦化废水反渗透浓水污染物对电渗析膜污染较重,可用1%稀盐酸洗涤恢复膜性能。2台电渗析膜堆串联组合处理焦化废水反渗透浓水,脱盐率和吨盐能耗随操作电压的增大而增大。固定操作电压为250 V,淡化液流量为9 m3/h,在此条件下膜堆脱盐率为51%,吨盐能耗为625 k W·h。     

电渗析浓水极水的再利用

天津市近几年有些使用电渗析的厂家砍掉了电渗析,恢复了复床—混床的老制水方法。造成大量的废酸碱液排放到地沟,污染了环境。也有的厂家因电渗析浓水极水耗量大而不敢上。所以电渗析浓水极水再利用是一项重要的课题。     

电渗析浓水回用于循环水系统的水处理技术研究

研究了适用于将电渗析浓水回用于工业循环邓系统的技术，试验结果表明，可以满足工艺要求，为工业废水电渗析浓水的回用进行了有益的探索。     

锌冶炼烟气制酸废水“零”排放工艺设计

根据废水"零"排放和回用水的水质要求,将湿法冶炼系统产出的含重金属废水作为烟气制酸系统净化工序补充水。净化工序产出的废水采用硫化氢硫化除砷、石灰石及石灰中和、反渗透、电渗析处理工艺。反渗透产出的淡水作为硫酸循环水补充水,电渗析产出的浓水用于烧渣喷湿,实现了废水"零"排放目标。     

一级除盐制水装置脱瓶颈优化改造

结合吉林石化公司乙烯厂除盐一级制水装置生产现状,对反渗透制水工艺进行分析,成功利用反渗透技术对一级除盐制水系统进行扩能改造,解决了制约生产的瓶颈问题。同时在满足生产需求的前提下,对其产生的浓水进行全部回收,在减少传统的离子交换床再生酸碱消耗的同时,减少了大量废水的排放,降低了除盐制水成本。     

电渗析中离子交换膜极化机理的研究 (Ⅱ)关于伏-安曲线上拐点的本质

一、绪言在电渗析器的运行中,既要充分发挥电渗析设备的利用率,又要避免超极限运行后浓差极化所带来的种种不良后果,保证电渗析器能够稳定而高效地运行,这就要求电渗析器的操作电流控制在极限电流以下,因此极限电流的     

海水淡化工艺装备研发现状

随着全球淡水资源紧缺区域增多，在过去的数十年里淡化海水因其来源广且不受降雨影响，而成为解决淡水短缺的可行方案，并得到越来越多关注和发展。海水淡化工艺（即脱盐）将海水分为两部分：淡水和高浓度的盐水。虽然海水淡化的工艺装备和支撑技术已经相当成熟，但为了不断提高技术并降低成本，国内外进行了大量的研究。该文概述了海水淡化主流技术的研究现状、工程项目以及新工艺。另外归纳了海水淡化工艺装备存在的一般问题，结合“十二五”规划，指出了海水淡化的研究方向。     

太阳能雾化脱盐系统热能利用率的研究

在构建太阳能雾化脱盐系统的基础上对该系统处理浓盐水的热能利用率进行了研究,考察了辐照值、空气流量、气水比等因素对系统热能利用率的影响。结果表明,系统的热能利用率随着辐照值的升高呈现减小趋势,随着气水比、空气流量的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。系统的热能利用率与空气流量存在二次抛物线关系。     

分质供水在我厂的应用

概述了原水处理存在的问题及根据不同用户对水质的要求采用软化水工艺和除盐水工艺进行水质处理,实现分质供水,并介绍使用情况和所取得的效果。     

The role of desalination in bridging the water gap in Jordan

The water resources of Jordan have always been scarce. The demand for water in the country exceeds the available resources and the gap between the water supply and demand is continuously increasing. Furthermore, the quality of water resources has dramatically deteriorated in recent years, which prevented the utilization of some resources. To secure the economic sustainability of the country, it is important at this stage to consider non-conventional water resources, such as sea and brackish water desalination. This study examines the water resources of Jordan, projected water demand, and the gap between the demand and supply based on two scenarios. The possibility of closing this gap by water desalination was investigated. Both sea and brackish water desalination were considered. The analysis revealed that seawater desalination process is economically infeasible for domestic water uses at this stage. This is attributed to that Jordan is not an oil producing country and the location of sea shoreline in Aqaba is on the Red Sea, away from the consumption centers. However, seawater desalination may be a viable option for tourist and industrial enterprises that will be established as a result of the new Law of Aqaba Free Zone. The most convenient and realistic option for Jordan in the short term, is the desalination of brackish water by reverse osmosis (RO). The brackish water with total dissolved solids between 2000-10000 mg/l is available from many aquifers and springs of the country. The study concluded that Jordan is facing a severe water crisis. Until recently, the water planners have not given the water desalination the required attention as a potential source of water supply. Taking into account the progress that is being achieved in the field of desalination technology, Jordan has to consider the desalination option more seriously and to start building a national capacity in the field of water desalination. It was emphasized that desalination is not a substitute to traditional water resources, it is rather a supplementary source that can contribute in bridging the water gap of the country.     

提高二级脱盐水周期制水量探讨

安庆石化水汽二级脱盐水处理装置包括预处理系统、一级脱盐系统、二级脱盐系统及相应的附属设施。2017年以来,由于树脂长期使用再生等原因,二级脱盐水混床的周期制水量逐步下降,由原来的5万吨/周期减少到4.2万吨/周期。主要探讨了混床周期制水量下降的原因,并提出恢复并提高二级脱盐系列的周期制水量的措施。     

Hybrid systems in seawater desalination—practical design aspects, present status and development perspectives

Ever since seawater desalination has been applied on an industrial scale, and particular in the countries of the Arabian Gulf, the application of desalination processes in dual-purpose facilities—water and power—as a hybrid configuration has been discussed in many feasibility investigations and also planning concepts. It is above all the combination of reverse osmosis with thermal processes that has found increasing interest with the aim of ensuring, as economically as possible, uniform water supplies under the specific, greatly varying load conditions in the Gulf countries. Such design concepts for hybrid configurations encompass straightforward structures with a low degree of coupling between membrane and thermal desalination processes, but range up to very complex configurations with strong interconnections on both the water side and thermally, as well as with several desalination processes connected in series or in parallel. Classical hybrid concepts in which the permeate from an RO desalination component is mixed with distillate from thermal desalination have already been implemented in Saudi Arabian dual-purpose plants, like Jeddah and Yanbu-Medina. Although hybrid systems of greater complexity have been addressed in many design studies and publications, up to now none has been brought to fruition. Coming into consideration asthe design basis for determining the capacity shares of the various desalination processes operated in a hybrid configuration are: arrangement of thermal cycle of the power plant component; water/power ratio of the dual-purpose seawater desalination and power plant; provision of undiminished water production of the desalination plant as electricity generation varies; provision of a specified drinking water quality with regard to composition and salt content; combination of all these aspects. Also gaining in importance are concerns of environmental pollution and sustainable development when selecting seawater desalination and power plant configurations, as well as their optimization when considering desalination and electricity generation as a whole. In the practical design of hybrid membrane and thermal systems, aspects come to light, though, that restrict linking of the two systems and joint utilization of facilities, as conceived in studies and conceptual design investigations. This applies both for common utilization of intakes and the use of heated up cooling water from thermal processes as a feed stream for the RO part of the desalination process. Additionally, requirements of drinking water composition, particularly chloride content, TDS and compliance with a specific residual content of boron, influence specifically the design of the membrane process part and its share in the total desalination capacity. Such practical aspects have greatly influenced the design and configuration of the Fujairah hybrid plant for which, from a total desalination capacity of 100 MIGD (454,600 m³/d), the share of 37.5 MIGD (170,500 m³/d) makes its seawater RO plant the biggest currently being constructed anywhere in the world. From the findings of the engineering of this plant and the idea that, by increasing interconnection between the two processes on the water side, it is possible to advance a hybrid configuration of this type with regard to cost optimization in the membrane installation, but also by joint utilization of the intake equipment, perspectives result for applied research efforts over the near and long terms, for example: long-term behavior of membranes at elevated temperatures; tendency for biofouling in membrane process with common utilization of cooling water and brine; influences of such interconnections on the overall availability of the facility. But also for the operation and maintenance organization of such large facilities, consequences can be foreseen for the future development of hybrid plants, particularly for operation management and organisation of the interplay of the different power plant and desalination systems, monitoring of SWRO membrane replacement and cleaning, as well as controlling water quality.     

Simulation of a forward feed multiple effect desalination plant with vertical tube evaporators

In recent years, vertical tube falling film evaporators have been widely used in desalination industries. In this paper mathematical modeling of a multiple effect evaporators (MEE) system has been carried out for brackish water desalination. The system includes a set of forward feed vertical tube evaporators with thermal vapor compression (TVC) and a condenser. Modeling has led to calculation of several parameters such as overall heat transfer coefficients, entrainment ratio and recovery of the process which is restricted by scale formation. A scaling prediction chemical model has been employed to calculate the allowable rate of recovery for prevention of scale formation. Physical properties of streams have been assumed as functions of temperature and salinity. A code has been developed for simulation of the process based on mass and energy balance equations. Results showed maximum allowable recovery of 74% for the treated brackish water sample with total dissolved solid (TDS) of 14,761 ppm is achievable. Dealing with mentioned sample under specified set of conditions, it was concluded that changing the number of effects from 3 to 8, enhances gained output ratio (GOR) value from 3.8 to 7.5. However, specific heat transfer surface is increased from 215 to 1052.     

Humidification-dehumidification desalination system driven by geothermal energy

The work presented in this paper focuses on desalinating sea water system using a humidification-dehumidification process as it is supplied with water heated by geothermal energy as clean and renewable natural resources of energy. Computer simulation of the behavior under various working conditions of the desalination system was carried out to predict the variations of key output. Such variables include the ratio of sea water mass flow rate related to air mass flow rate, cooling water temperature difference across the condenser, geothermal source inlet temperatures to the heat exchanger and the amount of produced distilled water. To validate the computer program, a comparison between the experimental and theoretical results was conducted, and a good agreement had been obtained. The result showed that, the optimum value of the ratio between sea water mass flow rate to air mass flow rate was found to be in the range of 1.5 to 2.5. Improvement in the fresh water productivity at the optimum ratio of sea water mass flow rate to the air flow rate was observed by increasing both the geothermal source inlet temperature and the cooling water temperature difference across the condenser.     

胜利油田污水资源化处理试验研究

文章阐述了胜利油田污水资源化利用所面临的技术难题,结合胜利油田污水特点,分析比较了热法和膜法两种脱盐工艺的技术性和经济性,提出了膜法是目前胜利油田污水资源化主要方向。围绕胜利油田滨一站污水,开展了膜处理系统预处理工艺和超滤、反渗透运行参数的优化研究,得到了一套适合胜利油田污水的膜脱盐处理技术,处理后水质满足资源化利用的要求,系统运行稳定,为油田污水资源化处理工业化实施提供技术支持。     

LTE desalination utilizing waste heat from a nuclear research reactor

Nuclear reactors produce significant amounts of low-quality waste heat which can be utilized for producing high-quality water from seawater by coupling a low-temperature evaporation (LTE) desalination unit. Salient features of the desalination plant, the nuclear research reactor and the waste heat utilization from the reactor are discussed. The scheme of integrating desalination plants with the nuclear research reactors is also presented. This LTE desalination plant utilizing waste heat from a nuclear research reactor will be the first of its kind while demonstrating the safety and economics of nuclear desalination technology as a viable alternative to producing demineralised water from seawater.