活性染料的活性基结构对细旦锦纶的染色性能研究

研究了四种不同双活性基结构的活性染料对细旦锦纶的染色性能,讨论了上染pH值、固色温度、固色加碱的pH值对染料上染性能的影响。得出适于超细锦纶织物双活性基结构的活性染料的染色工艺条件,结果表明,四种染料除双均三嗪型外均在中温固色时有较高的上染率和固色率,双乙烯砜型和溴代丙烯酰胺型活性染料适于超细锦纶染色。并且四种活性基结构的活性染料染色的细旦锦纶织物具有优异的皂洗牢度、汗渍牢度和摩擦牢度。     

双官能团活性染料对羊毛纤维染色工艺的探讨

采用双官能团活性染料(毛用活性染料和棉用活性染料)对羊毛纤维进行染色,探讨了固色pH值、固色时间和固色温度对染色效果的影响。结果表明:双乙烯砜型棉用活性染料对羊毛纤维的染色过程和染色效果与毛用活性染料相近,在其最佳染色工艺条件下可以代替毛用活性染料。其最佳染色工艺为:pH=3～4,40℃下入染,固色条件为pH=6～7,95℃下保温染色90分钟;双官能团棉用活性染料上染羊毛纤维的过程中,亲核加成反应占主导地位。     

合成纤维及其混纺纤维用染料的研究 Ⅰ.用于锦纶染色的含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基活性分散染料

本文综合了应用于锦纶染色的弱酸性染料酸性浴上色的高竭染率,活性染料与纤维的共价键结合,分散染料在纤维上迁移、匀染、盖染性好等优点,提出一类含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基的活性分散染料。用分子较小的分散染料结构,以含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯为活性基;在弱酸性浴中染色,再在弱碱性浴中与聚酰胺纤维反应成共价键结合。 合成了一系列偶氮型和蒽醌型染料。进行了合成工艺、对锦纶的染色性能以及染色锦纶的牢度等试验。并讨论了染料与聚酰胺纤维的结合 这类染料可用于锦纶66和锦纶6丝纺、弹力锦纶丝和针织品,还可用于桑丝、柞丝及其与人造丝的提花织物。这类染料在锦纶上色泽鲜艳,竭染率较高,益染性优良,耐晒、耐湿处理等牢度较好,适于各种锦纶织物的染色。这类活性分散染料,具有酸性染料、活性染料和分散染料染锦纶的主要特点。     

锦/棉交织物活性染料一浴法染色工艺的研究

锦纶和棉的染色性能不同，所以锦/棉交织物的同色性染色工艺较为复杂。传统的染色方法是采用分散/活性，分散/直接，酸性/活性等两浴法染色。本文用活性染料对锦/棉织物进行一浴两步法染色。选择pH值4.5-5可以对锦纶染色，在碱性条件下对锦纶不上色或轻微上色的活性染料，首先在酸性条件下对锦纶纤维染色，然后调节pH值到碱性对棉纤维染色，得到了优异的同色性。     

德龙素系列毛用活性染料在锦纶织物上的应用

该文主要分析了毛用活性染料在锦纶织物上应用的相关性能,包括上染率、皂洗牢度、汗渍牢度、摩擦牢度等.研究认为,德龙素系列毛用活性染料在锦纶纤维的中、浅色染色加工中具有较好的应用性能.     

C.I.活性红241水解性能研究及其“复合染料”的合成

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)为分析手段,对C.I.活性红241在不同时间、温度(40℃,50℃,60℃)和pH(7.09,7.99,10.1)条件下活性基的水解性能及水解组分的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明:在40℃、pH7.09时,染料的活性基主要以β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基的形式存在,随着温度或pH升高,β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基会逐渐水解为乙烯砜基,且受pH的影响更为显著;而乙烯砜基在40℃、pH10.1和60℃、pH7.99两种情况下基本能够稳定存在。因此,控制温度为40℃、pH值介于7和10之间时,可以水解得到含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基和乙烯砜基的"复合染料"。最后,通过控制二次缩合反应过程的温度和pH值,得到了β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基和乙烯砜基具有一定比例的C.I.活性红241"复合染料"。     

M型活性染料的皂洗牢度与活性基结构的关系研究

研究了带不同取代的乙烯砜基的Ｍ型活性染料在染色后,其对染色织物皂煮前后Ｋ／Ｓ值的影响,发现乙烯砜基型活性基的活泼性减小,则皂煮前后Ｋ／Ｓ值变化也减小,表明染料的皂洗牢度有所提高。     

染蛋白质纤维的活性染料

回溯活性染料发现和发展的历史可以看出,最初发现染料分子中由于引入某些特性基团,而使染色纤维湿处理牢度有较大提高的是毛用染料Supramine橙R(Ⅰ),分子中的氯乙酰基使耐洗牢度大为提高。五十年代初期,Remalan染料因乙烯砜基的存在,使染料在蛋白质纤维上亦具优异的湿处理牢度。这些都对活性染料商品的出现,给予了重要启示。活性染料问世至今四分之一世纪中,纤维素染色用的活性染料得到迅速的发展,而蛋白质纤维     

M型活性染料的皂洗牢度与活性基结构的关系研究

研究了带不同取代的乙烯砜基的Ｍ型活性染料在染色后，其对染色织物皂煮前后Ｋ／Ｓ值的影响，发现乙烯砜基型活性基的活泼性减小，则皂煮前后Ｋ／Ｓ值变化也减小，表明染料的皂洗牢度有所提高。     

Hostalan活性染料用于羊毛染色的研究

引言Hostalan染料是近年来发展的一类新型毛用活性染料,用于染羊毛,可以有效的控制染料同羊毛的反应速度,获得十分理想的勾染效果。本文着重对进口的Hostalan活性染料羊毛染色的工艺因素进行了优选,测定了在最佳工艺条件下染料的上染率和固色率及pH值、温度、助剂等条件对染色工艺的影响;对染料的移染匀染性进行了考察,而且还对后处理的条件进行了研究。通过实验得出以下结论:1.Hostalan染料用于羊毛染色,其固色率一般可达80％左右,染色品色牢度高。2.用这类染料染色时,染浴的pH值应     

活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能研究

为了了解活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能,采用单因素分析法,在改变温度、浴比、时间、元明粉浓度、纯碱浓度等工艺条件下,分别采用两种不同类型的活性染料对莲纤维进行染色,并测试其上染率、固色率、耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度。结果表明:活性大红X-3B上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶40,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度20 g/L,纯碱质量浓度30 g/L;活性嫩黄X-7G上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶50,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度10 g/L,纯碱质量浓度20 g/L;活性染料耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度都在3级以上。     

Reactive dyeing systems for wool fibres based on hetero-bifunctional reactive dyes. Part 1: Application of commercial reactive dyes

The wool dyeing properties, such as exhaustion and fixation parameters, of selected hetero-bifunctional Sumifix Supra dyes and some other commercial reactive dyes were quantified under various dyebath pH conditions. Studies of the dyeing of wool serge fabric indicated that Sumifix Supra dyes could produce reasonably high fixation values. However, remarkably improved fixation values were obtained when these dyes were pre-activated to the vinylsulphone form and dyed in this form, especially at low pH values (pH 4 or lower).     

The Covalent Reactions of Primary Amino Side-chains and Disulphide Bonds in Wool Keratin

Previous work on the reactions of different types of reactive dyes with wool is reassessed and new jindings presented. The decrease in reactivity of basic wool side chains to reaction with 1:fluoro:2:4 dinitrobenzene after wool has been dyed with acidic or reactive dyes is further investigated. New and previous correction factors measuring the extent of this inactivation are compared. Using such corrections, the extent of actual covalent binding of reactive dyes to basic wool side chains is determined. Applying these corrections gives reasonable stoichiometry in the dye-fibre reaction. The extent of reaction of thiols, basic and hydroxyl groups in wool with five reactive dyes of different classes has been measured, and compared for two dyeing methods (long-liquor and urea pad-batch). The differences and similarities in the extent and type of reaction of the dyes with the fibre sites, using the two methods of application, is discussed. The role of disulphide degradation in reactive dyeing is further investigated. The effect of alkaline treatments on the fixation of reactive dyes, and the availability of wool lysine side-chains for reaction (in the urea pad-batch dyeing system) is reported upon.     

壳聚糖在活性染料染羊毛织物上的应用工艺探讨

本文对壳聚糖处理过的羊毛织物用活性蓝BET染色工艺进行了探讨.讨论了壳聚糖脱乙酰度、壳聚糖浓度对羊毛染色性能的影响,并比较了经壳聚糖处理与未处理羊毛染色性能的差异.结果表明,提高处理液中壳聚糖的浓度或脱乙酰度都能提高活性染料的固色率,提高织物表面色深值K/S,而且对染色样的各项牢度影响不大.     

Investigation into the dyeing of wool with Lanasol and Remazol reactive dyes in seawater

Freshwater is an increasingly scarce resource that is extensively used in textile wet‐processing. In seeking to identify alternative low freshwater‐usage coloration technology, this study examined the potential use of seawater (SEAW) as the dyeing medium for wool coloration using a range of reactive dyes. Initially, the dyeing behaviour of the wool fabric in simulated seawater (SSW) was compared with conventional dyeing from distilled water (DW) using α‐bromoacrylamide‐based Lanasol dyes and sulphatoethyl sulphone‐based Remazol dyes. These preliminary studies demonstrated that comparable coloration could be achieved in the SSW medium based on an assessment of the dye exhaustion, dye fixation, colour yield and levelness. Subsequent dyeing studies of wool using Mauritian seawater with both the Lanasol and Remazol reactive dyes confirmed that, based on the dye exhaustion, dye fixation, colour yield and levelness, comparable coloration could be achieved, highlighting the possibility of substituting freshwater with seawater as the dyeing medium.     

新型活性染料染锦纶匀染剂的研制

活性染料染锦纶匀染性较差,必须采用匀染剂染色,以获得良好的匀染效果和色深.本实验采用对比试验法合成了锦纶染色专用匀染剂.讨论了温度以及反应时间的影响,得到了该匀染剂的最佳合成条件.讨论了其对活性染料染锦纶性能的影响,实验结果表明:匀染剂能有效地解决锦纶染色中染色不匀,还能提高牢度,是一支性能优良的匀染剂.     

活性染料用于拉细羊毛染色的研究

研究了四类活性染料染拉细羊毛的工艺条件和十二个染色配方。与媒介染料相比，用活性染料对拉细羊毛染色可获得更好的效果。染料的溶解度、匀染性、上色率、固色率均好于媒介染料，颜色的批差小。研究结果表明：除煮呢沾色牢度外，染色羊毛的各项牢度均优于媒介染料。     

竹/棉混纺织物活性染料染色使用代用碱固色的工艺探讨

通过代用碱TF-221和常规纯碱对活性染料浸染固色的对比实验,测定了碱剂在染色浴固着反应中pH值的动态变化值。通过染色K/S值、各项色牢度、上染速率的对比实验,讨论了代用碱TF-221在活性染料染色中代替纯碱作为固色剂的作用效果,并测定两种工艺染色后织物的强力变化,找到合适的固色工艺。实践证明:代用碱TF-221完全可以代替纯碱用于活性染料染色对竹/棉混纺织物染色时的固色,其固着浴pH值稳定范围符合活性染料的染色特征,可以获得与使用纯碱相当或高于的K/S值和染色牢度,且上色缓慢,起到匀染作用;染色后织物的强力无明显下降。     

Ultrasonic‐assisted dyeing: I. Nylon dyeability with reactive dyes

The use of ultrasonic power (38.5 KHz, 350 W) to assist the dyeability of nylon‐6 fibre with reactive dyes is reported. The effects of the different factors that may affect the dyeability of nylon‐6 fibre with Reactive Red 55 were simultaneously carried out under both ultrasonic power and conventional heating conditions. The colour strength values obtained for the dyed samples using ultrasonic power were higher than those obtained using conventional heating. Also, the effect of alkaline soaping treatment on dye fixation for the dyed fabrics with different reactive dyes, at both acidic and neutral pHs, is generally better with ultrasonic than with conventional heating. The overall results indicate that the enhancing effect is mainly attributed to the de‐aggregation of dye molecules, which leads to better dye diffusion and possible assistance for dye‐fibre covalent‐bond fixation. The results of wet fastness properties of the dyed fabrics reveal improvement using ultrasonic power dyeing relative to the conventional heating method. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry