恒流/恒压充电方式的锂电池充电器芯片

提出了一种基于恒流-恒压(CC-CV)充电模式的锂电池充电器.在CC-CV充电模式下,充电器先给电池提供大的充电电流;在电池电压尚未到达饱和之前,充电电流便开始减小;电池电压达到饱和并保持恒定之后,充电电流进一步减小.这种充电方法,能够避免在电池电压的饱和值附近仍对电池进行大电流充电,从而导致过热现象.对这块充电器芯片核心电路的创新设计,保证了这种CC-CV充电模式的实现.本芯片采用CSMC公司0.6μm的CMOS工艺流片.测试结果验证了本文提出的CC-CV充电模式的实现.充电完成后,锂电池电压为4.1833V.     

A High-Efficiency Multimode Li–Ion Battery Charger With Variable Current Source and Controlling Previous-Stage Supply Voltage

A high-efficiency multimode Li–Ion battery charger with variable current source and controlling previous-stage supply voltage is presented in this paper. Using variable current source can achieve the goal of constant-current mode to charge the battery and control previous-stage supply voltage which could increase the efficiency of the multimode battery charger. Moreover, the charging mode adopted in this charger is applied by two types of dual-mode strategy decided by the value of the equivalent series resistance of the Li–Ion battery. This technique will reduce the damage of Li–Ion battery. The Li–Ion battery charger is designed with 0.35-$muhbox{m}$ CMOS double-poly four-metal processes. The experimental results show that the charger works well and the theoretical analysis can be confirmed. The average power efficiency of the multimode Li–Ion battery charger can be up to 91.2% under the average power of 1.24 W, and the accuracy of the adaptive reference voltage is up to 97.3%. The chip area is only $1.32 times 0.95 hbox{mm}^{2}$.      

一种基于复合运放的线性锂离子电池充电器

基于复合运放,设计了一款新颖的线性锂离子电池充电器.该充电器根据锂离子电池充电的特性,采用三阶段充电法,即涓流充电(预处理),恒流充电(快充),恒压充电(充满).仿真结果显示,在4.5 V电源电压下,充电器实现了涓流充电电流80 mA,恒流充电电流800 mA,及恒定电压4.2 V的充电过程.另外,设计中利用充电功率管的栅极寄生电容作为充电环路的补偿电容,节省了芯片成本和面积.     

A Wireless Power Interface for Rechargeable Battery Operated Medical Implants

This brief presents a highly integrated wirelessly powered battery charging circuit for miniature lithium (Li)-ion rechargeable batteries used in medical implant applications. An inductive link and integrated Schottky barrier rectifying diodes are used to extract the DC signal from a power carrier while providing low forward voltage drop for improved efficiency. The battery charger employs a new control loop that relaxes comparator resolution requirements, provides simultaneous operation of constant-current and constant-voltage loops, and eliminates the external current sense resistor from the charging path. The accuracy of the end-of-charge (EOC) detection is primarily determined by the voltage drop across matched resistors and current-sources and the offset voltage of the sense comparator. Experimental results in 0.6-mum 3M-2P CMOS technology indicate that plusmn1.3% (or plusmn20 muA) EOC accuracy can be obtained under worst case conditions for a comparator offset voltage of plusmn5 mV. The circuit measures roughly 1.74 mm² and dissipates 8.4 mW in the charging phase while delivering a load current of 1.5 mA at 4.1 V (or 6.15 mW) for an efficiency of 73%.     

带MPPT控制的光伏充电控制器的设计

本文设计了一种具有MPPT控制的光伏发电充电控制器。该控制器通过检测蓄电池充电电压、充电电流的大小,智能选择充电器的工作状态,并在光照强度不足时自动切换到光伏发电最大功率点跟踪控制MPPT状态,采用扰动控制策略使光伏电池有最大的功率输出,使控制器有较好的充电效率。实验结果较好地说明所设计控制器的有效性。     

恒流-恒压模式控制的锂电池充电器的设计

设计了一款恒流-恒压充电模式控制的锂离子电池充电器,当电池电压低于2.9 V时,充电器提供涓流充电模式;当电池电压高于2.9 V时,充电器提供恒流充电模式;当电池电压达到4.2 V时,实现恒压充电模式对充电器的控制,充电电流减小。对主要子模块的电路进行了详细的设计与仿真并进行了稳定性分析,均能够在不采用任何补偿的情况下保持稳定。电路采用CSMC公司的0.6μm B iCMOS工艺模型,基于Cadence仿真平台对电路进行了前仿真,仿真结果表明,在5 V电源电压下,涓流充电电流为50 mA,恒流充电电流为502 mA,最终电池电压为4.202 V。     

An omnipotent Li–ion battery charger with multimode control and polarity reversible techniques

The omnipotent Li–ion battery charger with multimode control and polarity reversible techniques is presented in this article. The proposed chip is fabricated with TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M complementary metal-oxide- semiconductor processes, and the chip area including pads is 1.5 × 1.5 mm². The structure of the omnipotent charger combines three charging modes and polarity reversible techniques, which adapt to any Li–ion batteries. The three reversible Li–ion battery charging modes, including trickle-current charging, large-current charging and constant-voltage charging, can charge in matching polarities or opposite polarities. The proposed circuit has a maximum charging current of 300 mA and the input voltage of the proposed circuit is set to 4.5 V. The maximum efficiency of the proposed charger is about 91% and its average efficiency is 74.8%. The omnipotent charger can precisely provide the charging current to the battery.     

锂电池智能充电器的设计

根据锂电池的原理及特点确定正确的充电模式,利用微控制器对锂电池包的整个充电过程进行智能化管理,在充电过程中实时采集充电电流、电压及温度信息,动态调整充电电流。核心是智能控制系统和功率转换系统,同时兼具智能报警、温度自动调节、实时监测、充电保护等多种功能。实验表明,所设计的智能充电器安全可靠,具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于耗尽型工艺的锂电池充电保护芯片设计

提出了一种基于耗尽型工艺的单节锂离子电池充电保护芯片设计。阐述了此芯片的设计思想及系统结构,并对芯片关键电路的独特设计方法及原理进行了详细分析,特别是基准电路和偏置电路,利用耗尽型工艺使电路具有非常低的电源启动电压和功耗。在Hspice中仿真了采用0.6μm的n阱互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)工艺制作全局芯片的测试结果。验证了此芯片具有过电压检测、过电流检测、0 V电池充电禁止等功能,可用于单节锂离子电池充电的一级保护。     

基于单片机的智能充电器

针对现有电动自行车充电器的不足设计一种基于STC1101E单片机的充电器。单片机通过检测充电电流来控制基于UC3842的开关电源,当充电电流小于设定值时关闭输出控制开关。单片机对充电时间计时,长时间无法转入浮充阶段时停止充电,并报警。利用该充电器充电能一定程度延长蓄电池的使用寿命。     

三相PWM整流器在电动汽车充电机上的应用

本文对电动汽车充电机的功率电路拓扑结构进行了设计,详细分析了三相PWM整流电路的工作原理。同时针对充电机的特点对功率因数、充电效率等方面的性能做了优化,并结合实际电路对控制方法进行了改进。利用MATLAB/SIMULINK工具对电路拓扑和控制方法进行了仿真,仿真结果表明:设计的方法正确,软开关技术有效;与传统整流器相比,直流侧电压稳定脉动小,交流侧电流接近正弦,而且电压电流相位一致,能够极大的提高功率因数,同时充电的效率能够达到设计的要求。     

基于AVR单片机的智能充电器的设计与实现

介绍了以AVR单片机为核心智能充电器的控制原理,讨论了充电器的硬件结构和软件设计思想.该充电器对充电过程进行全面管理,描述了充电检测的关键技术,实现了智能充电.并对充电电源、电压进行自动检测调整,充电后自动转为恒压浮充状态,使充电过程按理想的充电曲线进行,达到既保护电池、又能使电池充满的最佳效果等要求.这种全新的智能充电方式,有效地解决了普通充电器将蓄电池"充坏"的技术难题,大幅度提高了蓄电池的实际循环寿命,是电动自动车、电动汽车的理想产品.     

Development of a Compact Switched-Reluctance Motor Drive for EV Propulsion With Voltage-Boosting and PFC Charging Capabilities

This paper presents a compact battery-powered switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drive for an electric vehicle with voltage-boosting and on-board power-factor-corrected-charging capabilities. Although the boost-type front-end DC/DC converter is externally equipped, the on-board charger is formed by the embedded components of SRM windings and converter. In the driving mode, the DC/DC boost converter is controlled to establish boostable well-regulated DC-link voltage for the SRM drive from the battery. During demagnetization of each stroke, the winding stored energy is automatically recovered back to the battery. Moreover, the regenerative braking is achieved by properly setting the SRM in the regenerating mode. The controls of two power stages are properly designed and digitally realized using a common digital signal processor. Good winding current and speed dynamic responses of the SRM drive are obtained. In addition, the static operation characteristics are also improved. In the charging mode, the power devices that were embedded in the SRM converter and the three motor-phase windings are used to form a buck-boost switch-mode rectifier to charge the battery from utility with good power quality. All constituted circuit components of the charger are placed on board, and only the insertion of power cords is needed.      

Modeling and Control of PV Charger System With SEPIC Converter

The photovoltaic (PV) stand-alone system requires a battery charger for energy storage. This paper presents the modeling and controller design of the PV charger system implemented with the single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC). The designed SEPIC employs the peak-current-mode control with the current command generated from the input PV voltage regulating loop, where the voltage command is determined by both the PV module maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control loop and the battery charging loop. The control objective is to balance the power flow from the PV module to the battery and the load such that the PV power is utilized effectively and the battery is charged with three charging stages. This paper gives a detailed modeling of the SEPIC with the PV module input and peak-current-mode control first. Accordingly, the PV voltage controller, as well as the adaptive MPPT controller, is designed. An 80-W prototype system is built. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is proved with some simulation and experimental results.     

具有GPS功能的户外便携式太阳能充电器的设计

针对人们的户外作业和生活充电需求,设计了一种可以实时定位的户外便携式太阳能智能充电器。该系统以MSP430单片机、CN3063、S-8261为核心,自动在涓流充电、恒流充电及恒压充电间切换充电方式,集成GPS功能,可实时显示用户方位信息、当前时间及充电进度。经实际软硬件测试,该系统可以为锂电池安全充电,有智能安全、低功耗、光线影响小、户外便携、高实用性等特点。     

基于电流控制的光伏太阳能充电器系统研究

提出一种基于电流控制的最大功率点跟踪方法用于光伏太阳能充电器,以DC/DC变换器中的Boost电路作为开关充电器,系统由一个光伏电池模块、一个基于Boost变换器开关电池充电器和电池组成.采用光伏电池输出电流控制实现系统的最大功率点跟踪,调整占空比,从而使太阳电池阵列输出功率最大,以输出稳定的电压对蓄电池进行充电,可以提高蓄电池使用寿命,有效地提高独立光伏系统的综合效率,降低整个系统的成本.     

Wide input range,high-efficiency magnetic resonant wireless power receiver

This article presents a full-CMOS receiver for magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system. A wide-input range CMOS multi-mode active rectifier is proposed for a magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system. The configuration is automatically changed with respect to the magnitude of the input AC voltage. The output voltage of the multi-mode rectifier is sensed by a comparator. Furthermore, the configuration of the multi-mode rectifier is automatically selected by switches as original rectifier mode, one-stage voltage multiplier or two-stage voltage multiplier mode. As a result, a rectified DC output voltage is from 7.5 to 19 V for an input AC voltage of 5–20 V. This chip is implemented using 0.35 μm BCD technology with an active area of around 5 × 2.5 mm². When the magnitude of the input AC voltage is 10 V, the power conversion efficiency of the multi-mode active rectifier is about 94%.The efficiency of the receiver is about 60% when the distance between the transmitter and receiver is about 1 m.     

基于BQ24610的智能锂电池充电系统设计

BQ24610是TI公司推出的一教比较先进的,面向5V至28V电压输入的锂离子电池供电应用开关模武独立电池充电器IC。基于便携武分子筛制氧机的电源管理的设计需求,经过对一系列芯片原理、性能、参数设置的分析讨论,最后我们选用BQ24610芯片作为该电源管理部分的主控制芯片,结合部分外围电路,实现该设计的电源的自动选择、内部回路补偿、内部软启动、动态电源管理（DPM）、精确的充电电流与电压调节、预充电、充电终止、适配器电流调节以及充电状态监控等功能。最后把该设计制成实验板,经过反复调试,测试结果实现了预期性能指标。     

Digitally controlled CMOS current follower for low voltage lowpower applications

A novel digitally controlled CMOS current follower is proposed. The circuit is useful for low voltage low power high frequency applications. The DCCF operates from a 3 V supply in class AB mode and provides precise digitally programmable current gain without component spread. Experimental results from a 1.2 μm CMOS chip fabricated through MOSIS are provided