基于深度学习的红外可见光图像融合综述

如何将多张图像中的互补信息保存到一张图像中用于全面表征场景是具有挑战性的课题。基于此课题,大量的图像融合方法被提出。红外可见光图像融合（IVIF）作为图像融合中一个重要分支,在语义分割、目标检测和军事侦察等实际领域都有着广泛的应用。近年来,深度学习技术引领了图像融合的发展方向,研究人员利用深度学习针对IVIF方向进行了探索。相关实验工作证明了应用深度学习方法来完成IVIF相较于传统方法有着显著优势。对基于深度学习的IVIF前沿算法进行了详细的分析论述。首先,从网络架构、方法创新以及局限性等方面报告了领域内的方法研究现状。其次,对IVIF方法中常用的数据集进行了简要介绍并给出了定量实验中常用评价指标的定义。对提到的一些具有代表性的方法进行了图像融合和语义分割的定性评估、定量评估实验以及融合效率分析实验来全方面地评估方法的性能。最后,给出了实验结论并对领域内未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。     

红外与可见光图像渐进融合深度网络

目的 红外与可见光图像融合的目标是获得具有完整场景表达能力的高质量融合图像。由于深度特征具有良好的泛化性、鲁棒性和发展潜力,很多基于深度学习的融合方法被提出,在深度特征空间进行图像融合,并取得了良好的效果。此外,受传统基于多尺度分解的融合方法的启发,不同尺度的特征有利于保留源图像的更多信息。基于此,提出了一种新颖的渐进式红外与可见光图像融合框架(progressive fusion, ProFuse)。方法 该框架以U-Net为骨干提取多尺度特征,然后逐渐融合多尺度特征,既对包含全局信息的高层特征和包含更多细节的低层特征进行融合,也在原始尺寸特征(保持更多细节)和其他更小尺寸特征(保持语义信息)上进行融合,最终逐层重建融合图像。结果 实验在TNO(Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek)和INO(Institut National D’optique)数据集上与其他6种方法进行比较,在选择的6项客观指标上,本文方法在互信息(mutual Information, MI)上相比FusionGAN(generative adversarial ...     

基于GhostNet的端到端红外和可见光图像融合方法

现有的基于深度学习的红外和可见光图像融合方法大多基于人工设计的融合策略,难以为复杂的源图像设计一个合适的融合策略.针对上述问题,文中提出基于GhostNet的端到端红外和可见光图像融合方法.在网络结构中使用Ghost模块代替卷积层,形成一个轻量级模型.损失函数的约束使网络学习到适应融合任务的图像特征,从而在特征提取的同时完成融合任务.此外,在损失函数中引入感知损失,将图像的深层语义信息应用到融合过程中.源图像通过级联输入深度网络,在经过带有稠密连接的编码器提取图像特征后,通过解码器的重构得到融合结果.实验表明,文中方法在主观对比和客观图像质量评价上都有较好表现.     

基于彩色传递的红外与可见光图像融合方法

提出了一种基于小波分解和彩色传递理论的图像融合方法。在小波变换的基础上，采用一种融合方法对红外和可见光图像进行融合处理；基于色空间变换对灰度融合图像进行彩色传递，实现灰度到彩色图像的转变。实验表明彩色传递图像的色彩接近自然景物颜色，优于传统的假彩色方法，更有利于人眼对目标和环境的判断识别。     

像素级红外与可见光图像融合方法综述

红外与可见光图像融合作为一种针对增强技术被广泛应用,融合技术通过提取可见光和红外各自的显著特征,并将其保留在融合图像中,提高了后续高级视觉任务的效率或人工识别。在吸收国内外众多学者的研究的基础上,通过研究归纳,阐述了图像融合的定义与分类,系统性地总结了红外与可见光融合算法,分析了图像融合算法进一步发展的方向。     

基于提升小波的红外和可见光图像融合方法

提出了一种基于提升小波变换的红外和可见光图像融合方法.对红外图像进行检测分割,将提取到的目标重要信息融合到可见光图像中.然后进行图像的提升小渡分解,对不同尺度下小波系数进行融合,以像素的局部平均梯度为高频系数融合准则,充分加入原始图像的边缘细节信息.最后依据融合后的小波系数重构图像.实验结果表明,该方法改善了融合效果,提高了运算速度.     

基于NSCT的红外与可见光图像融合

提出一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换的红外与可见光图像融合方法。该方法对源图像经非下采样Contourlet变换分解后的高频系数,考虑不同传感器的成像机理进行活性度量,并结合多分辨率系数间相关性来实现加权融合;低频系数则通过一种局部梯度进行活性度量,再采用加权与选择相结合的规则实现融合。最后,通过非下采样Contourlet逆变换重构获得融合图像。实验结果表明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

运动目标检测的红外与可见光图像融合方法

在弱可见光条件下,对同一场景监控的红外与可见光图像进行融合,使融合图像即显示红外目标,又能保留可见光图像的细节结构信息,方便观察者对场景的观察与监控。充分利用红外成像的特点,热目标与背景的温度差会使目标在红外图像中的灰度值更大。使用红外序列建立稳定的背景模型,当前帧与背景的差得到运动目标区域,然后,将目标区域内的红外目标融合到可见光图像中,达到对红外运动目标检测的目的。     

基于改进的NSCT红外可见光图像融合算法

针对在红外可见光图像融合过程中目标细节信息容易丢失的问题,提出一种使用非下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)和主成分分析法(PCA)相结合的图像融合算法.首先应用NSCT将源图像分解分别得到低频和高频的子带图像.在低频子带系数中,由于PCA能够突出图像的主要信息,所以选用主成分分析法融合规则.高频子带中,相对来说较高层次系数表...     

基于NSCT的红外与可见光图像融合

针对红外与可见光图像的不同特点,提出一种基于非采样Contourlet变换（NSCT）的红外与可见光图像融合算法。采用NSCT对源图像进行多尺度、多方向分解;分别采用基于局部能量和区域特征的融合规则得到融合图像的低频子带系数和带通方向子带系数;最后经过NSCT逆变换得到融合图像。实验结果表明,该算法能够获得较理想的融合图像,其融合效果优于基于Contourlet变换的图像融合算法。     

基于特征的多层次红外与可见光图像融合方法*

目前基于融合的方法能够改善红外图像的视觉效果,但局限于简单的直接融合,忽略了背景等因素所含噪声的影响及各部分细节信息。对此做了进一步研究工作,改进了现有方法的融合规则,提出先将目标从背景中提取出来再以温度阈值为依据分层融合,并加入实时温度信息,可随时得到融合图像的温度数据,从而在细节上极大地改善了目标的视觉效果及信息含量,提高了效率;最后对融合效果进行了定量评价和比较。实验结果证明处理后的图像能够比原图像获得更丰富的视觉信息。     

Fully convolutional network-based infrared and visible image fusion

Multimedia Tools and Applications - This study proposes a novel fusion framework for infrared and visual images based on a full convolutional network (FCN) in the local non-subsampled shearlet...     

An infrared and visible image fusion method based on multi-scale transformation and norm optimization

In this paper, we propose a new infrared and visible image fusion method based on multi-scale transformation and norm optimization. In this method, a new loss function is designed with contrast fidelity (L2 norm) and sparse constraint (L1 norm), and the split Bregman method is used to optimize the loss function to obtain pre-fusion images. The final fused base layer is obtained by using a multi-level decomposition latent low-rank representation (MDLatLRR) method to decompose the pre-fusion images. Then, using the pre-fusion image as the reference, image structure similarity (SSIM) is introduced to evaluate the validity of detail information from the visible image, and the SSIM is then transformed into a weight map which is applied to the optimization method based on L2 norm to generate the final detail fusion layer. Our proposed method is evaluated and compared with 18 state-of-the-art image fusion methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively on four public datasets (i.e., CVC14 driving dataset, TNO dataset with natural scenarios, RoadScene dataset, and whole brain atlas dataset). The results show that our proposed method is generally better than the compared methods in terms of highlighting targets and retaining effective detail information.     

Self-supervised feature adaption for infrared and visible image fusion

Benefitting from the strong feature extraction capability of deep learning, infrared and visible image fusion has made a great progress. Since infrared and visible images are obtained by different sensors with different imaging mechanisms, there exists domain discrepancy, which becomes stumbling block for effective fusion. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised feature adaption framework for infrared and visible image fusion. We implement a self-supervised strategy that facilitates the backbone network to extract features with adaption while retaining the vital information by reconstructing the source images. Specifically, we preliminary adopt an encoder network to extract features with adaption. Then, two decoders with attention mechanism blocks are utilized to reconstruct the source images in a self-supervised way, forcing the adapted features to contain vital information of the source images. Further, considering the case that source images contain low-quality information, we design a novel infrared and visible image fusion and enhancement model, improving the fusion method’s robustness. Experiments are constructed to evaluate the proposed method qualitatively and quantitatively, which show that the proposed method achieves the state-of-art performance comparing with existing infrared and visible image fusion methods. Results are available at https://github.com/zhoafan/SFA-Fuse.     

An infrared and visible image fusion algorithm based on ResNet-152

Multimedia Tools and Applications - The fusion of infrared and visible images can obtain a combined image with hidden objective and rich visible details. To improve the details of the fusion image...     

Novel infrared and visible image fusion method based on independent component analysis

The goal of infrared （IR） and visible image fu- sion is for the fused image to contain IR object features from the IR image and retain the visual details provided by the visible image. The disadvantage of traditional fusion method based on independent component analysis （ICA） is that the primary feature information that describes the IR objects and the secondary feature information in the IR image are fused into the fused image. Secondary feature information can de- press the visual effect of the fused image. A novel ICA-based IR and visible image fusion scheme is proposed in this paper. ICA is employed to extract features from the infrared image, and then the primary and secondary features are distinguished by the kurtosis information of the ICA base coefficients. The secondary features of the IR image are discarded during fu- sion. The fused image is obtained by fusing primary features into the visible image. Experimental results show that the pro- posed method can provide better perception effect.     

Novel infrared and visible image fusion method based on independent component analysis

The goal of infrared (IR) and visible image fusion is for the fused image to contain IR object features from the IR image and retain the visual details provided by the visible image. The disadvantage of traditional fusion method based on independent component analysis (ICA) is that the primary feature information that describes the IR objects and the secondary feature information in the IR image are fused into the fused image. Secondary feature information can depress the visual effect of the fused image. A novel ICA-based IR and visible image fusion scheme is proposed in this paper. ICA is employed to extract features from the infrared image, and then the primary and secondary features are distinguished by the kurtosis information of the ICA base coefficients. The secondary features of the IR image are discarded during fusion. The fused image is obtained by fusing primary features into the visible image. Experimental results show that the proposed method can provide better perception effect.     

Attribute filter based infrared and visible image fusion

Infrared and visible image fusion is an effective image processing technique to obtain more comprehensive information, which can help people better understand various scenarios. In this paper, a novel infrared and visible image fusion method is proposed which fully considers the attributes of objects in source images. Benefiting from the attribute and the edge-preserving filters, the prominent objects in the infrared source image are effectively extracted. Then, the weight-based Laplacian pyramid fusion strategy is adopted to get more natural fusion results. The experimental results on the public image fusion datasets and a new infrared–visible video fusion dataset show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art fusion performance in terms of both visual and objective evaluations. The proposed algorithm is also implemented in an infrared–visible dual sensor system, which demonstrated the practicability of our fusion method.     

一种扩展VIFB的红外与可见光图像融合基准

红外与可见光图像融合是机器视觉的一个重要领域,在日常生活中应用广泛。近年来,虽然红外与可见光图像融合领域已有多种融合算法,但目前该领域还缺乏能够衡量多种融合算法性能的算法框架和融合基准。在简要概述了红外与可见光图像融合的最新进展后,提出了一种扩展VIFB的红外与可见光图像融合基准,该基准由56对图像、32种融合算法和16种评价指标组成。基于该融合基准进行了大量实验,用来测评所选取的融合算法的性能。通过定性和定量结果分析,确定了性能优良的图像融合算法,并对红外与可见光图像融合领域的未来前景进行了展望。