含铌铁水直接冶炼含铌微合金钢的试验

 含铌铁水通过脱碳保铌探索作为合金化元素回收铁水中铌并直接冶炼为含铌微合金钢的方法。试验在真空碳管炉内进行,铁水温度为1 500 ℃,氧化剂为Fe2O3,真空度为10 Pa,分别进行有SiO2-CaO-Al2O3系造渣剂、无渣真空氧化冶炼研究。结果表明：在无渣条件下,加入Fe2O3铁水中硅、铌和碳同时氧化,不能脱碳保铌;加入造渣剂时,造渣剂的碱度越低,铁水中的硅氧化量越低,碳氧化量越高,碳质量分数最低下降到0.032%,铌质量分数最低值从0.09%下降到0.082%;碱度越高,铁水中硅氧化量越高,铌的氧化量也越高;真空氧化冶炼能够促进碳氧化,减少硅的氧化,抑止铌氧化。在50 kg级真空感应电炉内成功进行了回收铁水中铌直接冶炼为含铌钢试验,为回收含铌铁水中的铌提供新方法,也为工业化直接冶炼含铌钢提供试验依据。     

模拟铁水罐喷吹脱硅的实验研究

在实验室SiC管炉上采用分批上置法加料并浸入吹O2,在1 350℃下进行了模拟铁水罐喷吹脱硅的实验研究.所研究的3种氧化剂均可达到铁水罐喷吹脱硅的目的,其脱硅能力:转炉尘＞轧钢铁皮＞铁精矿粉.浸入吹入部分气体O2,可显著提高前期(前10 min内)脱硅反应速率,大大缩短处理时间,且减少铁水温降.推荐了喷吹脱硅剂配方和用量,采用转炉尘作喷吹脱硅剂,脱硅效果最好,且不必额外配入CaO,并大幅降低制粉设备磨损和运行电耗,应优先选用.     

铁水预处理时氧化脱磷和预脱硅间的热力学分析

从热力学角度分析了铁水预处理时预脱硅和脱磷之间的关系,经理论推导后得到了终点[P]含量和[Si]含量之间关系计算公式。计算发现,一定温度下氧化法脱磷时,终点硅含量越低,其终点磷含量也越低,并提出了铁水预处理脱磷的措施：首先脱硅要脱到较低含量;渣要有较高CaO含量来固定脱磷产物P2O5;脱磷结束后,要尽量扒除冶炼渣,防止温度升高时回磷。     

返回转炉钢渣对铁水脱硅、脱磷的影响

在实验室条件下，模拟转炉钢渣的组成，利用CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-MnO2-MgO-P2O5-Al2O3-CaF2系熔剂对铁水进行预处理，研究了转炉钢渣组成和渣中添加BaO对铁水脱硅和脱磷的影响。结果表明，通过控制转炉钢渣的组成可获得约75％的脱硅率和80％左右的脱磷率。脱硅过程伴随有铁水的回磷反应。随Fe2O3含量增加，回磷率提高，最大回磷率可达22．5％。此外，分析了铁水回磷原因和防止回磷的，发现使用添加BaO的转炉钢渣对脱硅后的铁水进行脱磷处理，当BaO添加量控制在15％－20％范围内时，可明显提高铁水的脱磷率。     

含铌铁水脱硅试验

为从含铌铁水中提铌,降低铁水中硅含量以获得高品质的铌渣,实现铌资源的综合利用。采用100 kW中频感应炉进行底吹氧气冶炼含铌铁水试验,研究含铌铁水在脱硅过程中硅、铌选择性氧化规律。结果表明:铁水温度在1 350℃,造渣剂碱度为1.5,反应结束后铁水中硅、铌的氧化分别为75.8%、21.4%;而温度在1 350℃,造渣剂碱度为4.6,反应后铁水中硅和铌的氧化率分别为:94.0%,5.9%,但高碱度炉渣抑制了锰元素的去除,造成铁水中锰含量较高,降低后续工艺中提铌所得铌渣的品位。在铁水温度为1 350℃,炉渣碱度w(CaO)/w(SiO2)为1.5时,脱硅的限度为0.15%。     

Fe2O3微粉添加对MgO CaO系耐火材料烧结性能及 抗水化性能的影响

通过添加Fe2O3微粉的方法,研究了Fe2O3微粉对MgO CaO系耐火材料烧结性能和抗水化性能的影响。试验结果表明,添加Fe2O3微粉可以有效地促进MgO CaO系耐火材料的烧结,抑制其水化速度。当Fe2O3的添加量在0～3%时,随着Fe2O3添加量的增加,耐火材料试样的体积密度先增加后减小,显气孔率则先减小后增加,且两者均在Fe2O3为1%处出现极值。当Fe2O3的添加量在02%～05%的范围时,耐火材料试样的显气孔率和体积密度变化最明显。当Fe2O3添加量为1%时,将试样在温度为60 ℃、相对湿度为75%的条件下水化144 h后,其粉化率仅为146%。
     

碳饱和铁液与CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2-Al_2O_3多元炉渣间钒、硅、锰的平衡和含钒铁水分段脱硅—提钒处理的研究

摘自北京科技大学研究生王新华的博士学位论文,导师:林宗彩教授。 本文对CaO-siO_2-CaF_2-Al_2O_3多元炉渣与碳饱和铁液反应的平衡条件下影响硅钒分离氧化的因素,铁水脱硅保钒处理的反应规律、反应机构,以及脱硅处理后的铁水吹氧提钒处理的反应规律进行了研究。研究表明上述反应平衡条件下,铁水中的钒完全能与硅分离氧化。确定了脱硅处理温度、炉渣组成、反应体系的动力学条件、铁水含硅量、渣碱度等因素对钒的平衡分配比的影响,以及渣中加入CaO、     

氧化钙类杂质对铁水脱磷的影响分析

除尘灰制备炼钢脱磷剂极具实用价值,但其所含CaO类杂质却会影响脱磷.1 400℃条件下,参考Fe2O3-CaO-CaCl2系脱磷剂,分别利用不同摩尔比的Ca(OH)2、CaCO3替换脱磷剂中的CaO,对磷质量分数为0.3％的铁水进行了脱磷试验.同时,分别利用CaO、Ca(OH)2、CaCO3作为固定剂,研究了各自的铁水...     

碳饱和铁液与CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2-Al_2O_3多元炉渣间钒、硅、锰的平衡和含钒铁水分段脱硅—提钒处理的研究

摘自北京科技大学研究生王新华的博士学位论文,导师:林宗彩教授。 本文对CaO-siO_2-CaF_2-Al_2O_3多元炉渣与碳饱和铁液反应的平衡条件下影响硅钒分离氧化的因素,铁水脱硅保钒处理的反应规律、反应机构,以及脱硅处理后的铁水吹氧提钒处理的反应规律进行了研究。研究表明上述反应平衡条件下,铁水中的钒完全能与硅分离氧化。确定了脱硅处理温度、炉渣组成、反应体系的动力学条件、铁水含硅量、渣碱度等因素对钒的平衡分配比的影响,以及渣中加入CaO、     

BaO—BaF2系熔剂对锰铁合金氧化脱磷的实验研究

在实验室内用BaO－BaF2系熔剂对锰铁合金Mn（～60％）－Fe－C（～6．0％）－P进行氧化脱磷实验，实验温度1573-1673K，熔剂添加量为合金量的10％．实验结果表明，熔剂中添加复合氧化剂（Fe2O3＋MnO2）替代单一氧化剂（Fe2O3或MnO2），能有效地改善锰铁合金脱磷保锰的效果，确定了合适的Fe2O3／MnO2比值（13／7-7／13（wt％））．通过控制熔剂组成到BaO／BaF2（wt％）=56／24-64／16，Fe2O3／MnO2=10／10（wt％），温度1623K，可获得脱磷率46-52％，锰氧化损失0.36-0.50％。温度对脱磷率有显著影响，其影响关系式为：=8.13×103-3.37（熔剂组成：BaO／BaF2＝56／24，Fe2O3／MnO2＝10／10（wt％），温度1573-1673K）．     

Oxidation of Silicon and Boron in Boron Containing Molten Iron

 A new process of directly smelting boron steel from boron containing pig iron has been established. The starting material boron containing pig iron was obtained from ludwigite ore, which is very abundant in the eastern area of Liaoning Province of China. The experiment was performed in a medium frequency induction furnace, and Fe2O3 powder was used as the oxidizing agent. The effects of temperature, addition of Fe2O3, basicity, stirring, and composition of melt on the oxidation of silicon and boron were investigated respectively. The results showed that silicon and boron were oxidized simultaneously and their oxidation ratio exceeded 90% at 1 400 ℃. The favorable oxidation temperature of silicon was about 1 300-1 350 ℃. High oxygen potential of slag and strong stirring enhanced the oxidation of silicon and boron.     

硼铁矿碳热还原过程中硼的挥发

 在热力学分析的基础上,研究了碳热还原硼铁矿过程中硼的还原挥发过程,绘制出了B C O优势区图。结果表明,硼铁矿中硼的失重率随着温度的升高而增大,1 400~1 450 ℃时很快达到最大值,最大失重率为379%。B2O3主要是以B2O2的形式挥发,随炉气挥发出的B2O2在炉管上部又重新生成B2O3,和镁、硅的挥发物一起在炉管口形成白色的粉末附着在炉管壁上。由于铁的存在,另一部分硼和铁在过量碳的条件下形成了Fe B合金,以FeB、Fe2B等形式稳定存在于试样中。     

高炉加钛护炉时铁水钛硅比的控制

为了探析高炉加钛护炉时的钛含量控制,结合钛硅比(w([Ti])/w([Si])),对实际钛分配比的影响因素进行总结。利用炉渣活度、铁水元素活度,分别计算铁水碳和硅还原渣中(TiO₂)平衡时的成分,并讨论平衡时钛硅比随铁水温度、炉渣二元碱度、铁水硅含量和铁水硫含量的变化。结果表明,硅还原钛硅比<实际钛硅比<碳还原钛硅比。硅还原理论钛硅比受各项参数的影响较小,碳还原钛硅比受铁水温度和铁水硅含量的影响较大,导致铁水钛含量在高温时有发散现象。因此,护炉时期,需着重关注铁水温度和钛硅比。     

Fe-Si-B非晶带材高温氧化行为及回收工艺

??In order to reduce the oxidative burning loss of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbon in the recovery process?? the oxidation behavior of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbon was studied. The results show that the oxidation of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbon at high temperature is related to the heating rate. The oxidation weight gain of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbon at 5 and 10K/min from room temperature to 1223K are 44% and 31% respectively. There is an oxide layer with loose texture and a small amount of microcrack at the interface between the sample and atmosphere by SEM. The oxide layer contains a large amount of Fe2O3 and a little SiO2 by XRD. Oxidation kinetics curve shows that the oxidation weight gain of the samples follows a linear rule within 5hours at 1073 and 1173K?? then a parabolic rule. At 1273K?? however?? it only follows a linear rule?? meanwhile the oxidation speed is very fast?? with the oxidation weight gain reaches 40% in 12min. The oxidation weight gain in the amorphous ribbon recycling process can be reduced through cutting down the furnace gas temperature?? compressing the waste ribbon and unqualified products in the packaging process and blowing argon to reduce the partial pressure of oxygen in the furnace. Thus the slag decreases to 9-10g when 1kg waste ribbon is recovered?? and the Si content of liquid alloy increases to 8. 9%.     

减少转炉提钒过程碳烧损

摘要：为了有效减少了转炉提钒过程的碳烧损量,在硅钼炉内进行氧化性炉渣与铁水在不同温度下的渣金反应实验,发现炉渣与铁水的反应速率随温度的升高而加快;温度越高铁红(Fe2O3)将钒氧化到极值的速度越快,但达到极值后钒会被还原回铁水中,且还原速度也随温度的升高而提高;温度越高钒渣中的钒被铁水中碳还原的量越大。根据实验结果对转炉提钒工艺进行了优化,吹炼温度为1340～1350℃时加入冷却剂,控制较低的终点温度,在钒氧化率不降低的情况下,碳烧损率从19.39%降到17.91%、碳烧损量从0.82%减少到0.76%,有效减少了转炉提钒过程的碳烧损。     

Oxidation of Fayalite in Molten Nickel Slag

This paper investigated the oxidation of fayalite (Fe2SiO4) in iron-rich nickel slag (INS) for iron recycling via an oxidation-magnetic separation method. A phase stability diagram of the FeO–SiO2–MgO–CaO–O2 system drawn by FactSage 7.1 illustrates that magnetite (Fe3O4) can be crystallized from liquid slag in an air atmosphere, but the further oxidation to Fe2O3 in molten slag was extremely hard. The mass content of divalent iron (w(Fe2+)) decreased and the ratio of trivalent iron to divalent iron (w(Fe3+)/w(Fe2+)) increased gradually with increasing oxidation time. The results show that an air flow rate of 300–500 mL/min, a basicity of 0.90–1.10, and a temperature of 1658–1728 K are conducive to the oxidation of Fe2SiO4 in INS. Fe3O4 is the main iron-bearing phase, and Fe2O3 is not observed in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Silicates in the oxidized nickel slag (ONS) are mainly augite (Ca(Mg,Fe)Si2O6), forsterite ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4), and monticellite (CaMgSiO4), while akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) is observed only for a basicity up to 1.10. The oxidation kinetics of Fe2SiO4 in INS are first order with an apparent activation energy (Ea) of 315.16 kJ/mol.     

高炉瓦斯灰基础性能与磁化焙烧试验

对高炉瓦斯灰的基础性能（粒度分布、化学组成、物相组成）进行研究,在此基础上,对瓦斯灰进行磁化焙烧-弱磁选工艺试验研究。研究表明,瓦斯灰按粒度分组的化学组成不均匀,碳主要集中于较大的颗粒中,铁和锌主要集中于较小的颗粒中; 3号、6号高炉瓦斯灰主要由Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2和FeZn13组成,5号高炉瓦斯灰主要由Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2和CaZn(Si2O6)组成;瓦斯灰磁化焙烧-弱磁选工艺的最佳试验条件为：焙烧温度为750℃,焙烧保温时间为60min,磁选激磁电流为0.4A。利用该工艺,磁选后的瓦斯灰铁品位达57.9%,锌质量分数为0.25%,回收率达67%。     

利用含锌粉尘和铁鳞中锌和铁制备合成Ni-Zn铁氧体

摘要：以电炉粉尘（EAFD）中提取的Zn2+、铁鳞中提取的Fe3+和六水合氯化镍(NiCl2·6H2O)为原料,采用水热法直接制备合成尖晶石型Ni ZnFe2O4。首先探讨了焙烧温度、NaOH与EAFD质量比和焙烧时间对电炉粉尘中Zn2+提取率以及HCl浓度对铁鳞中Fe3+浸出率的影响,然后分析了Ni ZnFe2O4合成条件对其磁性能的影响。结果表明,当NaOH与EAFD质量比为1∶1,焙烧温度为450℃,焙烧时间为1h时,电炉粉尘中锌的提取率为88.77%;当HCl浓度为1.75mol/L时,铁鳞中Fe3+浸出率为96.89%。当EAFD中提取的Zn2+、铁鳞中提取的Fe3+和NiCl2·6H2O的摩尔比控制为1∶20∶9时,可以成功制备尖晶石型Ni-ZnFe2O4,并且对合成的Ni ZnFe2O4进行热处理之后可以显著提高其磁性能,当热处理温度从150℃提高到450℃时,尖晶石型Ni-ZnFe2O4的饱和磁感应强度从13.35（A·m2）/kg增长到40.06（A·m2）/kg。     

Enhancement Reduction of Panzhihua Ilmenite Concentrate with Coke and Conglomeration of Metal with Ferrosilicon

The particle size and metallization ratio of iron in reduced ilmenite have an important function in separating the metal from TiO₂‐rich slag in the electric arc furnace process. In this study, an ilmenite concentrate supplied by Panzhihua Iron and Steel (Group) Co. was reduced at 1380°C in an electric resistance furnace. The effects of Fe–Si addition and reduction time on the particle size and metallization ratio of iron in the reduced sample were analyzed. The metallization ratio of iron significantly increased with increasing Fe–Si amount and reduction time, and reached ≈90% after 40 min. However, the metallization ratio of iron was about 85% without Fe–Si addition. Meanwhile, the iron particle size increased with increasing Fe–Si amount; the growth was obvious with the addition of 1% Fe–Si. Moreover, the growth rate of the iron particle size also increased with increasing reduction time. The TG‐DTG curves indicated that the mass loss with Fe–Si addition was less than that without Fe–Si addition, and the temperature at which the maximum rate of mass loss rate was achieved was lower than that without Fe–Si addition.