钒氮微合金化对Si-Mn系弹簧钢热处理特性的影响

分别采用VN、Fe—V合金在实验室冶炼了不同钒含量的Si—Mn系弹簧钢，并系统研究了其淬透性、抗回火稳定性、表面脱碳敏感性和力学性能的变化情况。结果表明，本试验条件下，采用钒氮微合金化的Si—Mn系弹簧钢(0．50％C，0．06％-0．10％V，0．01％N)具有较好的淬透性和抗回火稳定性。钒含量增加，强度显著增加。钒氮微合金化对表面脱碳敏感性没有明显影响。     

60Si2Mn弹簧钢加热温度对表面脱碳的影响

表面脱碳是高速线材生产的重要问题之一.在考虑碳扩散和氧化因素后,理论计算了加热温度对60Si2Mn弹簧钢表面脱碳影响的规律,表明在900～1000℃加热温度下60Si2Mn弹簧钢脱碳层厚度存在最小值,此结果与60Si2Mn弹簧钢氧化脱碳试验结果一致.结合钢的相变进一步分析了不同加热温度下表面脱碳层形貌变化的规律,并简要介绍了脱碳控制的主要途径.     

热轧材60Si2Cr AΦ13 mm弹簧钢硬度奇高原因分析

通过硬度试验、金相检验及模拟试验，统计分析了同期生产的不同批号60Si2CrA Φ13mm弹簧钢的化学成分差异，找出了其中一个批号的热轧材60Si2CrA Φ13mm弹簧钢硬度奇高的主要原因是其化学成分中Mn，Cr两大合金元素含量偏高。     

几种高速列车用弹簧钢的奥氏体晶粒长大倾向

 弹簧钢的原奥氏体晶粒大小对其力学性能和疲劳性能有重要影响,采用光学显微镜研究了51CrV4、52CrMoV4、60Si2CrVA、60Si2MnA 4种高速列车用弹簧钢的原奥氏体晶粒在加热后的长大倾向,结合透射电镜的观察分析了4种弹簧钢具有不同奥氏体晶粒粗化温度的原因。试验结果表明,化学成分对其奥氏体晶粒长大倾向具有重要影响,弹簧钢中加入Cr、V、Mo能有效阻止原奥氏体晶粒的长大,奥氏体晶粒的粗化温度与微合金碳氮化合物的固溶温度有关。 在800~1100℃温度范围内加热,51CrV4中的奥氏体晶粒长大趋势最小,52CrMoV4和60Si2CrVA次之,60Si2MnA最大。     

钼对中碳硅-锰钢回火马氏体脆性的影响

本文就合金元素钼对40Si2Mn2钢回火马氏体脆性(TME)的影响作了研究。试验结果表明钼不能消除40Si2Mn2钢的TME,但可以降低钢的韧性脆性转变温度(DBTT),从而使显示钢的TME的冲击试验温度降低;再有,钼可以提高40Si2Mn2钢TME出现的回火温度,即钼对钢的TME具有推迟作用,透射电镜观察的结果表明钼的这一作用与钼阻碍钢在回火过程中渗碳体(Cem)的析出有关。     

日本弹簧钢现状

在日本弹簧钢标准JJSG4801～84中SUP6、SUP7是Si—Mn钢,特别是高Si的SUP7,主要用于高应力的悬挂弹簧。SUP9、SUP9A,是Mn—Cr钢,因其淬透性好而用于较粗的悬挂弹簧。SUP10是Cr—V钢,韧性好,是用于使用条件恶劣情况下的弹簧用钢。SUP11A是对S∩P9进(?)硼处理的弹簧钢,具有很好的淬透性,用于粗到75mm(扁钢50mm)的粗弹簧。SUP12是Si—Cr钢,抗回火性好、抗脱碳性好,用于高应力悬挂弹簧。SUP13是Cr—Mo钢,淬透性非常好,用于直径超过75mm的超大型弹簧。     

Ni对中碳高强度弹簧钢腐蚀疲劳性能的影响

采用加速腐蚀(5%NaCl盐雾)试验和旋转弯曲疲劳试验,研究了0.52%～1.00%Ni对2000 MPa级中碳弹簧钢NHS(%:0.44～0.45C、1.95～2.08Si、0.68～0.70Mn、0.90～0.92Cr、0.14～0.15V)腐蚀疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,增加NHS钢中的M含量,腐蚀坑深度降低,在5%NaCl水溶液中钢的点蚀电位增加,从而导致腐蚀疲劳强度提高。与传统的60Si2CrVA弹簧钢相比,NHS弹簧钢呈现出良好的耐腐蚀疲劳性能。     

含铌弹簧钢奥氏体晶粒长大与夹杂物的动态观察及分析

采用高温金相显微镜观察了含铌弹簧钢60Si2MnNb(%;0.57C、1.60Si、0.76Mn、0.34Cr、0.022Nb)在950～1 250℃真空加热时奥氏体晶粒长大现象,得到其晶粒长大动力学曲线,通过Arrhenius方程对粗化过程进行了曲线拟合;通过SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope)和EDS(Energy Dispersive Spectrometer)对出现的二相粒子进行了分析.实验结果表明,含铌弹簧钢60Si2MnNb晶粒粗化温度为1 050℃,较60Si2MnA钢的晶粒临界粗化温度Tcc提高了100℃;出现的二相粒子为非金属夹杂物.     

热处理对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响

试验了890～930℃淬火、400～440℃回火时淬-回火温度对160mm×160mm连铸坯轧成的Φ21mm 60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,910℃淬火.回火后的60Si2CrVAT钢抗拉强度高于890℃和930℃淬火-回火钢的抗拉强度,不同淬火温度下钢的抗拉强度随回火温度升高而降低。分析了拉伸断口的组织形貌。     

新型高强度弹簧钢40Si2CrNi2MoV、44Si2CrV的疲劳性能研究

采用旋转弯曲疲劳试验方法研究了新型高强度弹簧钢40Si2CrNi2MoV、44Si2CrV钢的疲劳性能,试验结果表明,在试样回火温度420℃时,44Si2CrV钢试样的疲劳寿命高于40Si2CrNi2MoV钢;而当回火温度480℃或560℃时,40Si2CrNi2MoV钢的疲劳寿命高于44Si2CrV钢。经各种不同的温度回火处理而使其强度接近时,40Si2CrNi2MoV、44Si2CrV钢试样的疲劳寿命均高于60Si2CrVA钢。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.