A scenario to the anomalous Hall effect in the mixed state of superconductors

We argue that the motion of vacancies in a pinned vortex lattice may dominate the contribution to the Hall effect in an appropriate parameter regime for a superconductor. Based on this consideration a model is constructed to explain the anomalous Hall effect without any modification of the basic vortex dynamic equation. Quantitative predictions are obtained. Present model can be directly tested by an observation of the vacancy motion.     

Minimization of the impact of a broad bandwidth high-gain nonlinear preamplifier to the amplified spontaneous emission pedestal of the Vulcan petawatt laser facility

To generate petawatt pulses using the Vulcan Nd:glass laser requires a broad bandwidth high-gain preamplifier. The preamplifier used is an optical parametric amplifier that provides a total gain of 10(8) in three amplification stages. We report on a detailed investigation of the effect of the Vulcan optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) preamplifier on contrast caused by the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) pedestal that extends up to 2 ns before the arrival of the main pulse. The contrast after compression is improved to 4x10(8) of the intensity of the main pulse using near-field apertures between the stages of the OPCPA preamplifier. Further reduction of the level of the ASE pedestal can be achieved at the cost of a reduction in amplified bandwidth by solely phosphate glass amplification after initial preamplification rather than a mixed glass amplification scheme.     

A low noise and ultra-narrow bandwidth frequency-locked loop based on the beat method

A novel frequency-locked loop (FLL) based on the beat method is proposed in this paper. Compared with other frequency feedback loops, this FLL is a digital loop with simple structure and very low noise. As shown in the experimental results, this FLL can be used to reduce close-in phase noise on atomic frequency standards, through which a composite frequency standard with ultra-low phase noise and low cost can be easily realized.     

余弦-高斯激光脉冲在单模光纤中的色散效应

首次提出了余弦-高斯激光脉冲,并证明了该脉冲可由两个相位相反的线性啁啾的高斯激光脉冲叠加得到。由NLS方程出发,对余弦-高斯激光脉冲在色散介质中的色散效应进行了详细的研究。研究结果表明,初始啁啾并不影响入射场的光强分布;当脉冲参数a=1.13时,余弦-高斯激光脉冲的初始脉宽有最小值,且比高斯激光脉冲的初始脉宽要窄;余弦-高斯激光脉冲的展宽因子与传输距离、色散长度LD、激光脉冲参数a、初始啁啾参量C和β2的符号有关,余弦-高斯激光脉冲都比高斯激光脉冲的展宽要快,且参数a越大展宽就越明显。     

An anomalous change in the supercooling of vapor in spontaneous condensation

Spontaneous condensation of vapor at transonic velocities in the subsonic part of a flow in contrast to condensation in all the remaining regions of the flow leads not to an increase, but rather to a decrease in temperature and not to a drop, but rather to a rise in the supercooling of vapor. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 215–217, March–April, 1998.     

Influence of the thermal effect on the TEM00 mode output power of a laser-diode side-pumped solid-state laser

A fraction of pump power has been converted to TEM(00) mode laser power for a side-pumped solid-state laser by use of a space-dependent rate equation. We investigated the pump-to-mode (TEM(00)) ratio when scaling laser-diode side-pumped solid-state lasers to high-power levels by including the thermal effect in the space-dependent rate equation. Based on the assumption that Gaussian pump power is the same at any cross section of a laser rod, we resolved the output power with a space-dependent rate equation; temperature distribution in the laser rod was obtained; the optical path difference distribution was derived, and we estimated the diffraction losses that result from thermally induced spherical aberration by use of the Strehl intensity ratio. We determined that thermally induced diffraction losses are strongly dependent on pump power and on the pump-to-mode ratio.     

强噪声背景下的经验模式分解研究

研究了强噪声混合条件下微弱信号的经验模式分解(EMD)问题,提出了一种基于随机共振降噪的EMD分解方法.该方法利用随机共振在微弱信号检测方面的独特优势,首先对有噪微弱信号进行随机共振输出,微弱信号得到降噪和加强后,再进行EMD分解.在仿真实验中,对随机共振输出前后的信号分别进行EMD分解,分析结果表明该方法不仅能够提高原始信号的信噪比,有效检测出被噪声淹没的微弱信号从而提高了EMD分解的质量,同时减少了EMD分解的层数,提高了运算效率.     

Effect of optical turbulence in the dye medium on the bandwidth of a narrowband, high-repetition-rate dye laser

An analysis of turbulence in the dye medium of a high-repetition-rate narrowband dye laser is presented, and it is shown that the output bandwidth is proportional to the turbulence length scale, which depends on the Reynolds number. The length scale and the bandwidth both first decrease and then increase as the Reynolds number is increased from -200 to -20,000. The observed bandwidth, as we report and as in the published literature, confirms the validity of the analysis. A Rhodamine 6G grazing-incidence grating, stable dye laser transversely pumped by a copper-vapor laser was used in the experiments.     

Effects of laser phase noise on the injection of a high-finesse cavity

We study the response of a high-finesse optical cavity to a cw laser during the laser frequency passage through resonance. For a laser that is spectraly larger than the cavity resonance, laser-field phase fluctuations are converted into amplitude fluctuations, and cavity injection is intrinsically noisy. We develop a model based on Schawlow-Townes spontaneous-emission laser broadening and discuss in detail its effects on high-sensitivity spectroscopic techniques such as cavity-enhanced absorption or cavity ring-down spectroscopy. We present realistic simulations of cavity injection during a sweep through resonance and calculation of statistical quantities such as the average injection efficiency. Agreement with experimental observations is established.     

Implantation of organic matter through water onto solid substrates by a laser induced molecular jet

Organic molecular dots were successfully produced by means of a nano second pulsed dye laser on glass and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, with sizes of several hundred nanometres. The method involves the transfer of organic molecules from the source Coumarin 6 (C6) and poly [2-methoxy, 5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenylene-venylene] (MEH-PPV) films onto a target material through a water filled space-gap using a laser induced molecular jet (LIMJ). In this way, the organic dots of Coumarin 6 and MEH-PPV molecules were successfully implanted onto the glass and ITO targets. The present results demonstrate the possibility to significantly improve photo electronic or photoelectric devices such as novel photonic crystal and molecular device sensors, and so on.     

Effect of birefringence on the bandwidth of noise-like pulse in an erbium-doped fiber laser

We report on the generation of superbroad spectrum bunched noise-like pulses from a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser, in which the cavity is made of purely anomalous dispersion fibers. The maximum 3 dB spectral bandwidth of the pulse is about 98 nm. We show numerically that the superbroad spectrum of the pulse is caused by the fiber birefringence.