(S/R)-2-(2-(5-氟-2,4-二氧-3,4-二氢嘧啶-1(2H)-基)乙酰氨基)-3-(4-羟苯基)丙酸的合成及抗肿瘤活性

以1-乙基-3-(3-二甲胺丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI)/1-羟基苯并三氮唑(HOBt)为缩合剂,5-氟尿嘧啶-1-基乙酸为中间体,分别与L-酪氨酸甲酯和D-酪氨酸乙酯通过液相偶联合成了(S)-2-(2-(5-氟-2,4-二氧-3,4-二氢嘧啶-1(2H)-基)乙酰氨基)-3-(4-羟苯基)丙酸甲酯和(R)-2-(2-(5-氟-2,4-二氧-3,4-二氢嘧啶-1(2H)-基)乙酰氨基)-3-(4-羟苯基)丙酸乙酯,水解后得到相应的酸对映体。所合成的化合物结构经1H NMR1、3C NMRI、R、MS及比旋光度等测试得以确证。四种化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性测试结果,说明该化合物的抗肿瘤具有一定的选择性,且R构型对抗肿瘤也起到了一定的作用。     

The Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of Enantiomeric Pure (R)- and (S)-3-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-Indole Derivatives

This article describes the synthesis of new chiral 3-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-indole derivatives (R)-10a-c and (S)-11a-c from the corresponding diastereomers: (3R, 2R) and (3S, 2R)-2-[3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-piperidyl]-2-phenyl-acetamides (3R, 2R)-4a, (3R, 2R)-6b, (3R, 2R)-8c and (3S, 2R)-5a, (3S, 2R)-7b, (3S, 2R)-9c. Diastereomers were obtained by N-alkylation of derivatives of racemic 3-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-indoles 1a-c using (S)-2-(4-toluenesulfonyloxy)-phenylacetic amide (S)–II. The same method was applied to obtain (3R, 2S)-methyl-2-[3-(1H-indole-3-yl)-1-piperidyl]-2-phenylacetate (3R, 2S)-2a and (3S, 2S)-methyl-2-[3-(1H-indole-3-yl)-1-piperidyl]-2-phenylacetate (3S, 2S)-3a diastereomers by treating amine 1a with (R)-2-(4-toluenesulfonyloxy)-phenylacetic acid methylester (R)-I. Systematic studies via single crystal X-ray crystallography were used to determine the molecular structure of the racemates 1a-c and the absolute configuration of the enantiomers. The solid racemates 1b and 1c were “true racemates” crystallizing in a centrosymmetric space group, while 1a formed a racemic conglomerate of homoenantiomeric crystals. The absolute configuration was determined for the enantiomeric pairs (R)-10a/(S)-11a, (R)-10b/(S)-11b, and (R)-12c/(S)-13c, as well as for (3S,2S)-3a. Spectra of ¹H, ¹³CNMR, HPLC, and HRMS for diastereomers and enantiomers were consistent with the determined structures.     

Structures and Binary Mixing Characteristics of Enantiomers of 1-Oleoyl-2,3-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol (S-OPP) and 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (R-PPO)

We performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) experiments of polymorphic structures and binary mixing characteristics of the enantiomers of 1-oleoyl-2,3-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol (S-OPP) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (R-PPO). In the two enantiomers, oleic and palmitic acid moieties are asymmetrically connected at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions of the glycerol groups, with palmitic acid moiety at the sn-2 position. Pure enantiomer samples (>99 %) were synthesized and employed throughout this study. The following results were obtained. (1) A basic feature of the mixture systems of S-OPP and R-PPO is of a eutectic nature due to different polymorphic structures of two enantiomers and the racemic compound of PPO (rac-PPO). (2) Polymorphic behavior of S-OPP and R-PPO was quite similar, both having α-2 and β′-3, whereas rac-PPO contained α _rac-3, β′_rac-2, and β′_rac-3. The DSC measurements showed that the melting points of β′-3 (S-OPP = 35.3 °C and R-PPO = 34.9 °C) were higher than that of β′_rac-3 (31.0 °C). β was not crystallized in the pure enantiomers, and rac-PPO. (3) α_rac-3 was crystallized at low cooling rates (~2 °C/min), whereas α-2 of the two enantiomers was crystallized only with very rapid cooling (~10 °C/min). (4) Triple-chain-length structures were formed in α_rac-3, β′_S-3 (=β′_R-3), and β′_rac-3; α-2 with a double-chain-length structure was formed in both enantiomers. These results indicate the importance of the relationship between subcell packing and glycerol conformation in the polymorphism and mixing characteristics of asymmetric unsaturated–saturated-saturated mixed-acid triacylglycerols.     

2,4-二(3-磺酸基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪-6-淀粉醚的合成及粘度特性

以6-氯-2,4-二(3-磺酸苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪(BSTS)为醚化剂,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂,合成了新型的含磺酸基团的淀粉衍生物2,4-二(3-磺酸苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪-6-淀粉醚(BSTSS)。考察了该醚化剂与淀粉反应的影响因素,得出了最佳制备条件为:n(BSTS)∶n(AGU)=0.4∶1,n(NaOH)∶n(AGU)=0.6∶1,反应时间4 h。通过IR、1HNMR表征了产品结构;通过GPC测量了产品的相对分子质量。研究了pH对溶液黏度的影响,结果表明,该淀粉醚溶液具有较好的抗酸碱性。     

N-((S)-1-乙氧羰基-3-苯丙基)-L-丙氨酸的合成

以L-丙氨酸、3-苯甲酰基丙烯酸乙酯等为原料,通过Michael加成反应,制得中间体N-((S)-1-乙氧羰基-3-氧代-3-苯丙基)-L-丙氨酸,进而在钯-碳催化下进行氢化反应,得到目标产物N-((S)-1-乙氧羰基-3-苯丙基)-L-丙氨酸(ECPPA),收率90%;用红外、核磁共振、元素分析等方法对其结构进行表征...     

Inhibitory Action of Antidepressants on Mouse Betaine/GABA Transporter (BGT1) Heterologously Expressed in Cell Cultures

Betaine/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (BGT1, SLC6A12) is a member of the Na(+)- and Cl(-)-dependent neurotransmitter transporter gene family with a homology to the GABA transporters (GATs), GAT1 (SLC6A1), GAT2 (SLC6A13) and GAT3 (SLC6A11) (HUGO nomenclature). Since antidepressants have been reported to inhibit GABA uptake, we examined those effects on mouse BGT1 (mBGT1) in comparison with other mouse GAT (mGAT) subtypes in the heterologously expressed cell cultures. All antidepressants tested here inhibited the [(3)H]GABA uptake through mBGT1 and mGATs in a rank order of potency with mBGT1 > mGAT1-3. Kinetic analyses for maprotilline, mianserine and trimipramine revealed that they inhibited mBGT1 and mGAT1 noncompetitively, except that mianserine competitively inhibited mBGT1. These results provided a clue to investigate the structure-function relationship of mBGT1 using antidepressants as a tool, leading to the identification of potential candidates for selective and specific inhibitors of mBGT1.     

Acid-catalyzed decomposition of stable 1-(2,1-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-3-phenyltriazenes

The acid-catalyzed decomposition of unusually stable 1-(2,1-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-3-phenyltriazenes in either aqueous perchloric acid or an aqueous mixture of perchloric and acetic acid was studied under pseudo-first order reaction conditions at 25 °C. Different products were obtained according to substitution on nitrogen N-3. For a triazene carrying hydrogen, the corresponding 3-amino-2,1-benzisothiazole and benzenediazonium salts were formed whereas in the case of substitution by an alkyl group (methyl and n-butyl) the 2,1-benzisothiazole-3-diazonium salt and N-alkylaniline were obtained. The observed rate constant (k_obs) of the acid-catalyzed decomposition increased, initially, nonlinearly with increasing concentration of acid. Subsequently, k_obs decreased slightly and at high acid concentration, increased steeply once again. An A-S_E2 mechanism in which protonation of the triazene nitrogen proceeds simultaneously with cleavage of the N–N bond is proposed. Tautomerism of 1-(2,1-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-3-phenyltriazene was investigated using ¹H NMR spectroscopy.     

3-甲基-4-丁酰胺基-5-硝基苯甲酸甲酯的合成

以3-甲基-4-硝基苯甲酸为原料,经酯化、催化加氢、缩合、硝化和精制,合成了两个医药中间体:3-甲基-4-正丁酰胺基苯甲酸甲酯和3-甲基-4-正丁酰胺基-5-硝基苯甲酸甲酯,并通过1H NMR和IR验证了其结构。     

N-(3-氯苯基)金刚烷甲酰胺的合成

以金刚烷和无水甲酸为原料,在浓硫酸催化下合成1-金刚烷甲酸,再经酰化反应生成目标产物,总收率约为85.3%。第2步最佳的工艺条件为:反应温度130℃,反应时间4 h,1-金刚烷甲酸、间氯苯胺和亚磷酸三苯酯的投料物质的量比为1∶1∶0.6,溶剂用量50 mL。所得化合物结构经1H NMR和IR进行表征。     

Measurement and prediction of phase diagrams of the enantiomeric 3-chloromandelic acid system

The identification of racemic species of enantiomeric 3-chloromandelic acid (3-ClMA) as well as ternary solubility measurement in a mixture of water and isopropanol (IPA) was studied in this paper. Thermal analyses were carried out for mixtures of the two enantiomers with different compositions. The binary fusion diagram suggested the presence of a racemic compound for racemate 3-ClMA. It was verified with the ternary solubility phase diagram by dissolving various mixtures into the H₂O/IPA solution. Ternary phase diagram revealed a strong temperature dependency of solubility for the 3-ClMA system. In order to shorten the experimental time in the solubility measurement, a semi-empirical thermodynamic model (UNIQUAC) was used to predict the solubility of various compositions of enantiomers at different temperatures. Results indicate that UNIQUAC model can provide good predictions in the solubility of racemate, eutectic and (R)-3-ClMA in both pure water and H₂O/IPA (9/1 weight ratio) system. In addition, structures of racemate and pure (R)-3-ClMA were also studied using a powder X-ray diffractometer. Thermodynamic prediction, thermal analysis, and structural study are in excellent agreement for identifying the enantiomeric 3-ClMA system as a racemic compound forming system.     

Synthesis and characterization of (S)-3-benzoylthio-2-methylpropionic acid

以硫代乙酸、甲基丙烯酸为原料,经过缩合、水解-酯化得到3-苯甲酰巯基-2-甲基丙酸的消旋体,经化学拆分得到(S)-3-苯甲酰巯基-2-甲基丙酸。综合考察了缩合、水解-酯化、拆分过程中影响反应的因素,结果表明：硫代乙酸与甲基丙烯酸摩尔比为1.4︰1,反应时间为2 h、反应温度为93 ℃条件下,可以得到收率为95.6%的3-乙酰巯基-2-甲基丙酸（缩合物A）;控制釜温不超过20 ℃,将缩合物A加入11.8%的氢氧化钠水溶液中进行水解,水解完成后将下层钠盐投回釜内,然后在低温下滴加苯甲酰氯,反应进行2 h后将釜液调至酸性,产品逐渐析出,计算得水解-酯化总收率为96.7%;利用拆分剂D-(+)-N-苄基-α-苯乙胺对产品拆分,拆分收率为36.0%,综合以上三步总收率可达33.3%。其结构经核磁、质谱、红外分析确认且由X射线衍射分析结晶度非常高。     

几种3,4-二甲氧基苯丙酸酯的合成

以3,4-二甲氧基苯丙酸为原料,经酯化合成了未见报道的3,4-二甲氧基苯丙酸异丙酯,3,4-二甲氧基苯丙酸丙酯与3,4-二甲氧基苯丙酸薄荷酯,并用1H NMR、13C NMR谱对产物进行了表征.     

4-羟基-3-取代苯基-2H-苯并吡喃-2-酮衍生物的合成及杀菌活性

以水杨酸甲酯和取代苯乙酸为原料.经缩合、环化得到中间体4-羟基-3-取代苯基-2H-苯并吡喃-2-酮,与酰氯反应,合成了16个未见文献报道的4-羟基-3-取代苯基-2H-苯并吡喃-2-酮衍生物(3),所有目标化合物结构均通过1H NMR、IR和LC/MS确证.初步生物活性测试表明:在质量浓度25 mg/L下,化合物3k和30对黄瓜灰霉病菌抑制率分别为67.3%和73.9%;在质量浓度500 mg/L下,化合物3d、3k和3e对稻纹枯病菌的活性分别为75.0%、73.6%和100%.     

新型先导化合物4-[4-(3,4-二甲氧苯基)-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰基]吗啉的设计、合成与生物活性

以3，4-二甲氧基苯乙酮为原料，经酯化、氯化、环化、水解、酰氯化和胺化六步制得新型先导化合物4-[4-(3，4-二甲氧苯基)-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰基]吗啉(5)。化合物5及其中间体的化学结构经红外、核磁、高分辨质谱和元素分析确认。生物活性测定结果表明化合物5在300ga．i．／hm^2剂量下对马铃薯晚疫病的防效为90％。     

1-[3-（三氟甲基）苯基]-2-丙酮合成的研究

以间-溴三氟甲苯为原料,经格氏反应和氧化反应合成1-[3-（三氟甲基）苯基]-2-丙酮。反应优化条件为：溴化亚铜为催化剂,反应时间3h,反应温度5℃,氧化时n（重铬酸钠）：n（浓硫酸）=1：4。在此优化条件下。总收率82．3％。产物结构经IR和^1H NMR确证。     

3-甲基-2-[5-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2-硝基苯甲酸基]-3-丁烯酸乙酯的合成及其除草活性

标题化合物(SYP-249)是沈阳化工研究院正在进行前期开发的除草剂,由5-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2-硝基苯甲酸经两步反应制得,提纯后总收率50%。其结构经红外、核磁共振谱和元素分析确证。标题化合物在温室条件下150 g a.i./hm2可防除多种杂草,在600 g a.i./hm2对大豆安全。     

2-（2-噻吩）乙胺合成工艺研究

研究了2-（2-噻吩）乙胺的合成工艺.噻吩甲醛与丙二酸经Knoevenagel-Doebner缩合生成3-（2-噻吩）丙烯酸,收率87%.3-（2-噻吩）丙烯酸与氯化亚砜和氨作用生成3-（2-噻吩）丙烯酰胺,收率91%;铜盐催化下用水合肼还原3-（2-噻吩）丙烯酰胺生成3-（2-噻吩）丙酰胺,收率99%;3-（2-噻吩）丙酰胺经Hoffman降解得2-（2-噻吩）乙胺,收率64%.由核磁共振氢谱、质谱和液谱对产物及中间体的结构和纯度进行了表征.     

3-[2,6-二氯-4-(3,3-二氯烯丙氧基)苯氧基]丙基吡唑-5-甲酰胺类衍生物的合成及杀虫活性

以3-[2,6-二氯-4-(3,3-二氯烯丙氧基)苯氧基]丙胺和5-吡唑甲酸衍生物为原料,设计并合成了19个未见报道的3-[2,6-二氯-4-(3,3-二氯烯丙氧基)苯氧基]丙基吡唑-5-甲酰胺类衍生物。目标化合物的结构经IR和1HNMR测定确认。初步杀虫活性测试结果表明,该类化合物对鳞翅目害虫具有较好的杀虫活性。     

1-(4-溴苯基)-3-(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-基)脲的合成

以4-溴苯甲酸为原料,经过Curtius重排反应制得4-溴苯异氰酸酯,再进一步与3-氨基-1H-1,2,4-三氮唑发生亲核加成反应,合成了目标产物1-(4-溴苯基)-3-(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-基)脲。对产物进行了元素分析,以红外、核磁和紫外光谱确认其结构;生测结果表明该化合物具有一定的植物生长调节活性。     

3-乙酰基-2-芳基-5-(2-碘苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑啉化合物的合成与表征

2-碘苯甲酰肼与八种芳醛反应得到相应的酰腙(1 a~1h),后与乙酸酐脱水环化合成3-乙酰基-2-芳基-5-(2-碘苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑啉化合物(2 a~2h),通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和MS对化合物2 a~2h的结构进行了表征。