PZN-BT-PZT陶瓷的相结构与压电和介电性能研究

采用传统陶瓷工艺合成了（１－ｘ）（０．９４Ｐｂ（Ｚｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３－０．０６ＢａＴｉＯ３）－ｘＰｂ（Ｚｒ０．５３Ｔｉ０．４７）Ｏ３系陶瓷材料，结构分析表明，在ｘ〉０．３０时，可以得到纯钙钛矿相，在ｘ＝０．５０－０．６０，附近存在一个三方－四方共存的准同型相界，在此相界附近的压电，介电性能较好，同时还研究了退火处理对其介电，压电性能的影响，得到了平面机电耦合系数Ｋｐ＝６０％，压电系数ｄ３３＝     

Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3系统准同型相界附近的介电、热释电和压电性能

用两步合成法制备了（１－ｘ）Ｐｂ（Ｎｉ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３－ｘＰｂＴｉＯ３系陶瓷,ｘ分别为０．２８,０．３０．０．３２,０．３４,０．３６,０．３８和０．４０,研究了试样的相组成以及介电,热释电和压电性能。ＸＲＤ结果分析表明：准同型要界在ＰｂＴｉＯ３摩尔分数ｘ＝０．３４￣０．３８处,组成在准同型相界附近的试样具有最大的介电常数,热释电系数和压电系数。介电性能测试结果还表明,组成在准同型相界附近的     

Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3基复相陶瓷的室温介电老化行为

研究了Ｐｂ（Ｚｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３基复相陶瓷的室温介电老化行为与材料烧成制度的关系,性机和介电常数与老化时间的对数值成线性关系,随烧成温度提高和保温时间延长,老化速率增大,老化速率对频率的依存性增加。低温短时间烧结的复相陶瓷的介电老化行为类似于正常铁电体,其老化起因于畴壁运动;而高温长时间烧结的复相陶瓷表现为典型弛豫电体的老化行为,起因于缺陷偶极子与极性微区的相互作用。     

铌锌酸铅基铁电陶瓷的介电弥散行为

通过对（０．９－ｘ）Ｐｂ（Ｚｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３－）．１ＢａＴｉＯ３－ｘＰｂＴｉＯ３（ｘ＝０．００,０．０５,０．１０,０．１５）系列铁电陶瓷射频（２０－１ＧＨｚ）复介电常数ε（ε＝ε＋ｉε）的测试,观察到春介电弥散行为在１０ＭＨｚ以下随ＰｂＴｉＯ３含量的增加而减弱;在１０ＭＨｚ以上却同强烈的介电弥散,伴有强烈的介电损耗峰,并且介电损耗峰随ＰｂＴｉＯ３含量的增加而向高频移动。结合其介电温度谱与     

湿化学法制备0.95Pb（Mg1／3Nb2／3）O3—0.05PbTiO3铁电陶瓷

用湿化学法制备了钙钛矿相的含量为９９％的０．９５Ｐｂ（Ｍｇ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３－０．０５ＰｂＴｉＯ３确定了０．９５ＰＭＮ－０．０５ＰＴ前驱物的最佳条件为：溶液的ｐＨ值 为１．５，反应温度为６０℃。     

PZN－PFN－PFW系陶瓷的介电性质和钙钛矿相的稳定作用

研究了Ｐｈ（Ｚｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）ｘ（Ｆｅ１／２Ｎｂ１／２）０．６４－ｘ（Ｆｅ２／３Ｗ１／３）０．３６Ｏ３（ＰＺＮ－ＰＦＮ－ＰＦＷ）系陶瓷中ＰＺＮ含量与焦录石相形成间的关系，以及少量添加剂对钙钛矿相的稳定和介电性能的影响。在该系中仅添加０．１５ｗｔ％ＭｎＣＯ３就可制备１００％钙钛矿型结构的陶瓷。文中报导了该系组成的相关系和介电性质。钙钛矿结构的陶瓷介电常数高，电容温度系数较低。     

La3+取代Bi3+的 Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5基陶瓷的结构与介电性能

研究了Ｌａ２Ｏ３取代的Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－ＺｎＯ－Ｎｂ２Ｏ５（ＢＺＮ）基陶瓷Ｂｉ１．５－ｘＬａｘＺｎ０．５（Ｚｎ０．５Ｎｂ１．５）Ｏ７的结构和介电性能。采用固相反应法制备陶瓷样品,用Ｘ射线衍射技术分析样品的相结构,未用Ｌａ２Ｏ３取代的纯ＢＺＮ陶瓷的晶体结构为立方焦绿石单相;当Ｌａ２Ｏ３取代量较少时,样品的结构仍然保持立方焦绿石单相结构,但出现了超晶格衍射线（２１１）;当Ｌａ２Ｏ３取代量继续增加。样品的晶体     

不同氧化锰引入形式对铌锑锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷性能的影响

研究了不同氧化锰引入形式对Ｐｂ（Ｓｈ１／５Ｎｂ１／２）Ｏ３－Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ，Ｔｉ）Ｏ３（ｐｓｎｚｔ）压电陶瓷机电性能的影响。结果有明，以ＭｎＯ２引入氧化锰的受主作用比ＭｎＣＯ３引入的要大。     

PSN掺杂对锆钛酸铅特性的改善

研究了通过掺杂Ｐｂ（Ｓｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３Ｏ３［ＰＳＮ］对Ｐｂ（ＴｉｙＺｒ２）Ｏ３系陶瓷热稳定性及老化特性的改善,试验表明加入一定量的ＰＳＮ组成的陶瓷体系,居里温度提高,高温下的热稳定性和老年特性均得以改善,满足了高温下高性能的压电换能元件的需要。     

湿化学法制备0．95Pb（Mg_（1／3）Nb_（2／3））O_3－0．05PbTiO_3铁电陶瓷

用湿化学法制备了钙钛矿相的含量为９９％的０．９５Ｐｂ（Ｍｇ＿（１／３）Ｎｂ＿（２／３））Ｏ３－０．０５ＰｂＴｉＯ＿３（简称０．９５ＰＭＮ－０．０５ＰＴ）微粉，ＳＥＭ显示其粒度为０．２～０．３μｍ。通过ＸＲＤ确定了合成０．９５ＰＭＮ－０．０５ＰＴ前驱物的最佳条件为：溶液的ｐＨ值为１．５，反应温度为６０℃。制备０．９５ＰＭＮ－０．０５ＰＴ陶瓷时，预烧温度为８００℃（２ｈ），烧结温度为１２５０℃（１ｈ）。粉末烧结后制得纯钙钛矿相的０．９５ＰＭＮ－０．０５ＰＴ铁电陶瓷，其密度为理论密度的９５％，介电常数为１４８００（８００Ｈｚ）。     

弛豫型铁电体Pb(B1/3Nb2/3)O3基复合陶瓷中两相共存的研究

在ＰＺＮ－ＢＴ,ＰＭＮ－ＢＴ－ＰＴ和ＰＮＮ－ＰＴ系统中,用两相混合烧结法,分别制备了ＰＺＮ基,ＰＭＮ基和ＰＮＮ基复合陶瓷,介电性能测试结果表明,ＰＺＮ基陶瓷为两相共存的复相陶瓷,而ＰＭＮ基和ＰＮＮ基陶瓷中的两相都发生了很大程度的固溶,应用键价理论和键性分析对此进行了讨论,并从两组元间扩散动力这的角度和显微结构特征对这一现象进行了分析。     

锰锑酸铅-锌铌酸铅-锆钛酸铅陶瓷的铁电性能

通过电滞回线测试,探讨了xPb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)0.05(Zr1/2Ti1/2)0.95O3(1-x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.28(Zr1/2Ti1/2)0.72O3[xPMnS-(1-x)PZN]陶瓷的铁电性能及铁电相变特性.同时研究了Ba2 取代Pb2 对材料铁电性能的影响.结果表明;三方相含量较高的0.2PMnS-0.8PZN陶瓷具有较高的矫顽场和较大的剩余极化强度;四方相含量较高的0.5PMnS-0.5PZN和0.6PMnS-0.4PZN陶瓷具有较低的矫顽场和较小的剩余极化强度,Ba2 取代使三方相含量增加,铁电性能明显提高.     

含Pt金属芯压电陶瓷纤维的微观结构和电学性能

以传统固相法制备的0．55Pb（Ni1/3Nb2／3）O3-0．45Pb（Zr0.3Ti0.7）03（PNN-PZT）压电陶瓷粉体为原料,采用挤压成型工艺制备含Pt金属芯压电陶瓷纤维。以PbTi03作为保护粉体,对纤维坯体进行1200℃不同时间（0．5、1．0h和2．0h）的烧结处理。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、阻抗分析仪和铁电分析仪等研究了烧结时间对纤维微观结构、压电性能和铁电性能的影响。结果表明：在烧结时间范围内制备的压电陶瓷纤维为单一钙钛矿结构,未发现焦绿石相或其他杂相;随烧结时间增加,陶瓷纤维晶粒尺寸增大,压电和铁电性能明显提高。在1200℃保温2．0h制备的压电陶瓷纤维电学性能较好,压电常数（西1）、相对介电常数（曲、介电损耗（tanδ）和矫顽场（＆）分别为-145pC／N、3313、2．6％和0．27kV／mm。介电温谱结果表明：该陶瓷纤维的特征Curie温度为125℃,峰值相对介电常数为8093。     

Improved strain and transduction values of low-temperature sintered CuO-doped PZT-PZNN soft piezoelectric materials for energy harvester applications

In this study the low-temperature sintering effects and improved piezoelectric properties of CuO-doped 0.69 Pb(Zr0.47Ti0.53)O3-0.31[Pb(Zn0.4Ni0.6)1/3Nb2/3]O3 ceramics were investigated. At high temperatures, a sintered Pb(Zr,Ti)O3–Pb(Zn,Ni)NbO3 material has excellent piezoelectric properties such as a high piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33), high electromechanical coupling coefficient (kp), and high relative dielectric permittivity (εr). However, low-temperature sintering of functional ceramics is important for industrial device applications. For sensor applications, sintering or fabrication temperature is important because processing temperatures can interfere with process and material compatibility. Therefore, in this study, low-temperature sintering effects were investigated by employing low-temperature sintering aids while maintaining the piezoelectric properties. CuO was selected as the sintering aid for these applications. We will investigate and discuss the effects of the low-temperature sintering aid of CuO on the Pb(Zr,Ti)O3–P(Zn,Ni)NbO3 material in device applications. By employing the CuO dopant to Pb(Zr,Ti)O3–P(Zn,Ni)NbO3 material, the strain and transduction values were increased while reducing the sintering temperature.     

Fast Firing of a Lead-Iron Niobate Dielectric Ceramic

A Pb(Fe, Nb)O₃−Pb(Fe, W)O₃−Pb(Zn, Nb)O₃ dielectric ceramic fires at temperatures low enough for 100% silver electrodes to be used in multilayer capacitors made with the ceramic. Good dense Pb(Fe, Nb)O₃, ceramics were obtained by fast, firing, i.e. by using rapid ramp rates and very short firing times. The densified ceramic was characterized by determination of its dielectric properties, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy.     

新型弛豫铁电单晶及其超声医学应用

新型弛豫铁电单晶是一类钙钛矿结构的固溶体材料,具有比传统压电陶瓷Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3更为优越的压电性能,在医用超声成像、声纳、微位移器等方面具有广阔的应用前景。综述了Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-PbTiO_3(PZNT),Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-PbTiO_3(PMNT)等新型弛豫铁电单晶在生长、性能等方面的研究进展,介绍了弛豫铁电单晶在医用超声换能器方面的应用。     

PMnS-PZN-PZT压电纤维的制备与铁电性能

采用固相法制备了0.8Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)0.05(Zr1/2Ti1/2)0.95O3–0.2Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.28(Zr1/2Ti1/2)0.72O3(PMnS–PZN–PZT)粉末,然后用塑性聚合物方法制备了PMnS–PZN–PZT压电纤维。研究了纤维夹持状态对其铁电性能的影响。结果表明:塑性聚合物法制备的PMnS–PZN–PZT压电纤维具有良好的铁电性能,压电纤维处于自由状态时,剩余极化强度和矫顽场分别为85.4μC/cm2和8.5kV/cm,但电滞回线很难饱和。将纤维采用环氧树脂固化后,剩余极化强度变成39.2μC/cm2,电滞回线呈饱和状态,说明夹持状态对纤维的铁电性能产生很大的影响。高压下压电纤维浇铸前后的漏电流测试结果表明,压电纤维浇铸后剩余极化强度变小主要与漏电流有关。     

低温烧结CuO-V_2O_5-Bi_2O_3掺杂Zn_3Nb_2O_8陶瓷的微波介电性能

研究了CuO–V2O5–Bi2O3作为烧结助剂对Zn3Nb2O8陶瓷的烧结特性、微观结构、相结构及微波介电性能的影响。CuO–V2O5–Bi2O3复合掺杂可以将Zn3Nb2O8陶瓷的烧结温度从1150℃降到900℃。在900℃烧结4h的Zn3Nb2O8–0.25%(质量分数,下同)CuO–1.5%V2O5–1.5%Bi2O3陶瓷的密度达到了理论密度的98.1%,相对介电常数为18.8,品质因数与谐振频率之积为39442GHz。该体系的介电性能和陶瓷的致密度与烧结助剂的含量及烧结温度密切相关,陶瓷的致密度和相对介电常数随CuO–V2O5–Bi2O3烧结助剂含量的增加而增加,同样陶瓷的致密度和相对介电常数也随烧结温度的升高而提高。     

Synthesis of Lead Nickel Niobate–Lead Zirconate Titanate Solid Solutions by a B-site Precursor Method

A modified processing method for lead nickel niobate–lead zirconate titanate (Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃, PNN–PZT) solid solutions is presented. This method is based on the high-temperature synthesis of a precursor that contains all the B-site cations (Ti, Zr, Ni, and Nb). This synthesis yields a diphasic mixture that contains a ZrTiO₄-like phase and a rutile-like phase. Both phases exhibit a cationic valence of 4; thus, it is concluded that the mixing of Ni and Nb cations is adequate for the preparation of PNN–PZT solid solutions. Indeed, a pure perovskite phase has been obtained after calcination with lead oxide for compositions that contain 40 and 50 mol% PNN. Moreover, their electromechanical properties have been shown to be superior to values reported for standard columbite routes. This conclusion has been interpreted in terms of enhanced chemical homogeneity.     

PREPARATION OF PEROVSKITE 0.75Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.25PbTiO3 CERAMICS USING SEMICHEMICAL METHODS AND RELATED REACTION MECHANISMS

This article discusses a mechanism for preparing perovskite powders, 0.75Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.25PbTiO₃ (PNN-PT), using a semichemical method (SCM).Precursors were prepared by adding aqueous Ni(Ac)₂ solutions to an alcohol slurry of PbO, Nb₂O₅, and TiO₂. The TG-DTG and DSC analysis of the precursors and XRD analysis of the powders at different thermal treatment temperatures showed that the reaction mechanisms in this method differ from those in the conventional mixed-oxide method. The aqueous Ni(Ac)₂ solution reacted with PbO to form Pb(Ac)₂ · Pb(OH)₂ · H₂O and Ni(OH)₂, which decomposed to form nascent PbO and NiO, thereby improving the reactivity and distribution of PbO and NiO. Pb₃Nb₂O₈ and NiNb₂O₆ formed and were easily converted into the perovskite phase during the thermal treatment process. At a thermal treatment temperature of 850°C, the content of the perovskite phase reached 98%. Pyrochlore-free PNN-PT ceramic was obtained after 2 h of sintering at 1100°C, and its dielectric properties were found to be excellent at temperatures ranging between -55 and 120°C.