聚丙烯酸盐类高吸水性树脂的合成研究

以部分中和的丙烯酸为基本单体，采用反相悬浮聚合法，对聚丙烯酸钾、聚丙烯酸铵高吸水性树脂的合成条件进行了研究，获得了吸水树脂的吸液率与交联剂用量、引发剂用量、pH值等影响因素的关系，并利用共聚方法改进了吸水树脂的耐盐性，研制出了性能优良的高吸水性树脂。所制高吸水性树脂吸去离子水倍率≥1200mL/g（最高达2700mL/g)；耐盐性高吸水性树脂吸0．9％ NaCl水溶液倍率≥150mL/g(最高达260mL/g)。     

微波辐射阿拉伯胶接枝2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸制备高吸水树脂及溶胀性能

以阿拉伯胶(GA)、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为原料,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,过硫酸钾(APS)为引发剂,采用微波辐射方法制备了GA-g-PAMPS高吸水性树脂。探讨了单体配比、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、中和度、微波功率和辐射时间对吸水倍率的影响,研究了树脂的溶胀性能,并用FTIR对吸水性树脂的结构进行了表征。结果表明:最佳合成条件下得到的树脂吸去离子水倍率为683 g/g,吸生理盐水倍率为137 g/g。树脂的吸水倍率随着无机盐溶液浓度的增加而减小,在不同价态金属离子盐溶液中,树脂的吸水倍率从大到小的顺序为Na ClBa Cl2Fe Cl3,树脂具有较高的吸水速率和较好的重复吸水性能。     

微波辐射制备阿拉伯胶接枝2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸高吸水树脂及溶胀性能

以阿拉伯胶(GA),2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为原料,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,过硫酸钾(APS）为引发剂,采用微波辐射方法制备了GA-g-PAMPS 高吸水性树脂。探讨了单体配比、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、中和度、微波功率和辐射时间对吸水倍率的影响,研究了树脂的溶胀性能,并用FTIR对吸水性树脂的结构进行了表征。结果表明：最佳合成条件下树脂吸去离子水倍率为683g/g,吸生理盐水倍率为137g/g。树脂的吸水倍率随着无机盐溶液浓度的增加而减小,在不同价态金属离子盐溶液中,树脂的吸水倍率顺序为NaCl>BaCl2> FeCl3,树脂具有较高的吸水速率和较好的重复吸水性能。     

微波辐射制备阿拉伯胶接枝2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸高吸水树脂及溶胀性能

以阿拉伯胶(GA),2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为原料,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,过硫酸钾(APS）为引发剂,采用微波辐射方法制备了GA-g-PAMPS 高吸水性树脂。探讨了单体配比、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、中和度、微波功率和辐射时间对吸水倍率的影响,研究了树脂的溶胀性能,并用FTIR对吸水性树脂的结构进行了表征。结果表明：最佳合成条件下树脂吸去离子水倍率为683g/g,吸生理盐水倍率为137g/g。树脂的吸水倍率随着无机盐溶液浓度的增加而减小,在不同价态金属离子盐溶液中,树脂的吸水倍率顺序为NaCl>BaCl2> FeCl3,树脂具有较高的吸水速率和较好的重复吸水性能。     

壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂的制备及抑菌性能

以壳聚糖和丙烯酸为原料,通过接枝共聚反应合成了具有一定抑菌性能的壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂.研究了引发剂、交联剂、壳聚糖和中和度等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响,探讨了中和度和壳聚糖用量对吸水树脂抑菌率的影响.结果表明,在适宜合成条件下,树脂具有较高的吸水性能及良好的抑菌性能,吸水倍率为684.85 g/g,接枝率为84....     

聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯酸/腐植酸钠高吸水性树脂的制备及溶胀行为

以N,N＇-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂、过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法合成了聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯酸/腐植酸钠多功能高吸水性树脂。研究了聚乙烯醇和腐植酸钠含量对树脂吸水倍率的影响,同时考察了树脂的吸水速率、溶液pH值对吸水倍率的影响及反复溶胀性能。结果表明,在体系中引入廉价的腐植酸钠,能够显著提高树脂的吸水能力。在腐植酸钠含量为10wt%时,树脂具有最高的吸水倍率,其吸蒸馏水和0.9wt%NaCl溶液分别达到1020g/g和80g/g。     

不同方法制备高吸水性树脂性能的研究

以玉米秸秆为主要原料,除杂改性得羧甲基纤维素。然后以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,分别采用传统加热聚合、微波辐照聚合和超声辐照法合成高吸水性树脂,并对吸水树脂的吸水倍率、吸盐水(质量分数为0.9%NaC l水溶液)倍率及保水能力进行测试。结果表明,同一比例下,超声辐照法制得的吸水性树脂的吸水倍率及保水能力均高于其它两种方法;超声功率为60%的条件下,吸水倍率可达635 g/g。微波辐照法制得的吸水性树脂的吸盐水倍率较高,微波功率为320 W时制得的吸水树脂吸盐水倍率可达65 g/g。     

腐植酸／丙烯酸型吸水性树脂的合成及吸水性能研究

以腐植酸、丙烯酸为单体,丙三醇为交联剂,采用溶液聚合法合成了腐植酸／丙烯酸型吸水性树脂,并考察了腐植酸加入量、中和度、交联剂、引发剂用量对吸水倍率的影响。结果表明：该工艺简单,成本低,反应容易控制;合成的吸水性树脂,具有较好的吸水性能,且反应中各组分含量对合成树脂的吸水倍率影响较大。     

聚丙烯酸钾-高岭土高吸水性树脂的制备及表征

以丙烯酸钾、高岭土为原料,通过水溶液聚合法合成高岭土-聚丙烯酸钾复合高吸水性树脂。并对单体的中和度、高岭土的添加量、交联剂用量和引发剂用量对复合高吸水性能的影响因素进行了研究。实验结果表明：当单体的中和度为85％,引发剂用景为0．25％,交联剂用量为0．015％时,可以合成出性能较好的复合型高吸水性树脂,其在蒸馏水中的吸水倍率可达728g／g。     

具有"核-壳"型结构吸水树脂的合成

提出了吸水树脂的"核-壳"结构设计原理和实施技术,该技术使树脂颗粒具有低交联密度的核和高交联密度的壳,解决了吸水倍率与凝胶强度不能兼得的矛盾,合成出吸水倍率≥450g/g、加压吸收倍率≥30g/g和高凝胶强度的吸水树脂.研究了丙烯酸中和度、交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺用量、引发剂过硫酸铵/亚硫酸氢钠用量、表面改性剂种类和用量等因素对吸水树脂吸水性能的影响,为优化工艺提供依据.     

高吸水树脂对崩解型聚苯乙烯性能的影响

实验采用乳液聚合法合成了一系列单体组成和吸水倍率不同的高吸水树脂。选取部分吸水树脂与苯乙烯、表面活性剂组成聚合体系，用过氧化苯甲酰引发进行原位共混聚合，制备了遇水崩解型聚苯乙烯。同时，考察了吸水树脂的种类、添加量、吸水倍率和聚苯乙烯的摩尔质量对材料崩解性的影响。研究发现：吸水树脂添加量越大，吸水倍率越高，聚苯乙烯摩尔质量越小，越有利于材料的崩解。当吸水树脂中含有强亲水性基团时，虽然其吸水倍率没有显著提高，但却能明显改善共混物的崩解性。     

高吸水性树脂的结构设计与性能改善

利用Flory凝胶理论阐明了高吸水性树脂的吸水机理 ,并解释了高分子链上的电荷密度、外界溶液离子强度以及交联度对树脂吸水倍数和吸水速率的影响。介绍了利用分子设计和颗粒形状设计对高吸水性树脂进行结构设计以改善树脂综合性能的方法。指出今后高吸水性树脂的研究重点应集中在高性能化、材料复合化、智能性凝胶、生物可降解性的研究等几个方面     

Mathematical modelling of phase equilibria for supercritical CO2 and polyethylene glycol of various molecular weights

The Sanchez–Lacombe equation of state and the Statistical Associating Fluid Theory were applied for modelling the phase equilibrium for the polyethylene glycol–CO₂ systems. The Aspen Plus software was used and polyethylene glycol with various molecular weights was investigated. The results were compared with previously obtained experimental values for solubility. The phase equilibrium was calculated at a temperature of 343 K, in the pressure range of 10–30 MPa and for polyethylene glycol molecular weights from 1000 to 100,000 g/mol. The binary interaction parameters for the models were optimized in order to obtain the best fit between the estimated and the experimental gas solubility data. The results suggest that both models are reliable in describing the phase equilibrium of the polyethylene glycol–CO₂ systems at the proposed conditions. Moreover, the molecular weight of the polymer affects the behaviour of the system, as observed from the variation of solubility values and of binary interaction coefficients.     

Dielectric and Chromatographic Characterization of Polyethylene Glycols as Stationary Phases

Abstract

Three types of polyethylene glycols of different molecular weights namely, 600, 4000 and 20000, were evaluated as liquid stationary phases in gas liquid chromatography. Thus, the retention mechanism for the studied polymer stationary phases, 15% by weight on chromosorb PAW and their thermodynamic parameters have been investigated via inverse gas chromatography. The effect of polymer molecular weight on their efficiency as liquid stationary phases for the gas chromatographic separation of different types of hydrocarbons is also studied. The dielectric constant of dilute solutions for the studied polymers as dissolved in solvent chloroform was studied corresponding to their polarities. Two different modes of clusters were determined due to the solute-solute and solute-solvent interaction through hydrogen bonds.

All studied polymers have higher performance for separation of cyclic and aromatic compounds. Good chromatographic separation of n-alcohols is obtained toward polyethylene glycol (PEG20000) of relatively higher molecular weight. The saturated hydrocarbons can be separated very efficiently using low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG600).     

Partition of α-lactoalbumin and β-lactoglobulin from goat milk whey utilizing aqueous biphasic systems

This paper presents a study of α-lactoalbumin and β-lactoglobulin proteins partition from goat milk whey in-nature, utilizing aqueous biphasic systems comprised of polymers (polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone), potassium phosphate, and water. The systems were evaluated at 25°C and pH 7.0. The influence of the polymer type, of the polymer molecular weight, and the polymer mass percentage on the partition coefficient of these proteins was assessed. Among the analyzed polymers, the polyethylene glycol (1500) was more indicated. The results showed that the separation technique by aqueous biphasic systems are applicable indicating high efficiency in the whey proteins separation process.     

宽或双峰分子量分布HDPE的研制Ⅱ.聚合工艺条件对聚合产物性能的影响

采用双金属复合催化剂制备出了宽或双峰分子量分布的高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）,并对所合成出的聚合物进行了结晶行为分析,分子量及分子量分布测试。结果表明：用双金属复合催化剂法制备的ＨＤＰＥ的力学性能优于传统方法。     

环境友好型聚天冬高吸水性树脂的合成

以可生物降解的高分子材料聚琥珀酰亚胺为原料,二胺为交联剂,合成了环境友好型聚天冬高吸水性树脂。考察了原料分子量、交联剂种类、交联剂用量、吸水温度以及吸水时间等对树脂吸水倍率的影响。结果表明,交联剂用量显著影响树脂的吸水倍率,以分子量为67500的聚琥珀酰亚胺为原料,己二胺为交联剂,交联剂浓度为1.5%时,树脂吸水倍率为1480。     

Possibilities of Colloidal Silica Separation from Water Suspension in the Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Presence at Different Temperatures

The influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) adsorption on the silica (SiO₂) suspension stability was examined in the range 15–35°C. For this purpose the following methods were applied: turbidimetry, spectrophotometry, and microelectrophoresis. They allow determination of silica suspension stability, its absorbance, and zeta potential of the solid particles in the absence and presence of the polymer. The obtained results indicate that both polymer adsorption and temperature influence the stabilization-flocculation properties of the systems under examination. The silica suspensions without the polymer are relatively stable in the whole range of the investigated temperatures (electroststic stabilization). The adsorption of polyethylene glycol with lower molecular weight (PEG 2000) practically does not change the stability properties of the suspension (steric stabilization), whereas the adsorption of PEG with the higher molecular weight (20000) causes its deterioration (bridging flocculation). The higher the temperature is the greater the effect of destabilization is obtained. Such behavior of the investigated system is the result of changes in the structure of the polymer adsorption layer with the increasing temperature.     

The influence of polyethylene glycol on some properties of zinc electrodes

Attempts were undertaken to explain the influence of polyethylene glycol on electrochemical zinc behaviour in alkaline solution. The average molecular weight of PEG was from a few tens to 9000. The methods of anodic and cathodic polarization curves and galvanostatic single pulses were used. It was observed that some glycols (especially PEG 600) shift the cathodic curves to more negative potentials. An increase of exchange current was also found for zinc with PEG 600 admixture. it seems that the activity of polyethylene glycol can be explained by its adsorption at the zinc surface.     

PEG组分分子质量对多组分共聚酯结晶性能及流变性能的影响

对不同PEG分子质量改性聚酯的结晶性能进行了研究 ,结果表明柔性链段PEG进入大分子主链后 ,降低了形成折叠链时所需克服的能垒 ,从而有利于结晶速度的提高。流变试验的结果表明 ,由于PEG组分的加入 ,流动性能变好 ,且随PEG分子质量的增加 ,ECDP更易于流动