TAIC助交联对聚丙烯发泡性能的影响

在过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)引发下,研究三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)对聚丙烯(PP)的交联改性,比较单纯DCP和DCP/TAIC交联体系对PP熔体强度及其发泡性能的影响。加入TAIC前后,分别对PP的抗熔垂能力和熔体流动速率、PP发泡材料的凝胶率和力学性能进行测定。结果表明,与单纯DCP相比,DCP/TAIC交联体系对PP熔体强度的改善效果较好,而且相应的发泡材料具有较高的拉伸强度和直角撕裂强度,同时,偏光显微镜观察结果表明,经DCP/TAIC交联后的PP发泡材料表面更为光滑、泡孔细密且均匀一致。     

PP/EPDM反应挤出共混制备高熔体黏度PP的研究

采用反应型双螺杆挤出机,用过氧化物(BPO)为交联剂、不饱和烯烃为交联助剂,对PP/EPDM体系进行反应增容,一步实现聚丙烯(PP)与少量EPDM的共混、接枝与交联,制备出了具有高熔体黏度的发泡用聚丙烯.对改性材料熔体流动性能、力学性能和发泡性能研究结果表明:当交联剂、交联助剂的质量比约为0.78 :1时,可以获得最佳的改性效果,改性后体系的熔体流动速率(MFR)下降92.9%;改性PP的多项力学性能都有显著改善,其中拉伸强度提高12.9%,缺口冲击强度提高93%;改性使材料的发泡性能得到显著提高,采用反应共混改性PP可获得泡孔大小约100μm,泡沫密度在0.44g/cm3左右,且分布均匀,闭孔率高的发泡材料.     

聚丙烯-超临界CO_2挤出发泡研究进展

聚丙烯(PP)发泡材料具有轻质、缓冲、隔热隔音等优异性能,同时挤出发泡具有连续性和稳定性的特点,是效率最高的一种加工方式。但是相较其他加工方式,超临界CO_2挤出发泡PP由于连续生产的特点,发泡条件要求很高,PP挤出发泡存在不少难点。文中对挤出发泡过程中存在的主要难点进行了分析,从PP结晶行为调控、CO_2溶解性和熔体强度对发泡性能的影响等方面叙述了近年来国内外PP挤出发泡的研究动态,并对该领域今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

弹性体对微发泡聚丙烯复合材料发泡行为的影响

以化学发泡为主线,在聚丙烯(PP)基体中添加弹性体三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)制备微发泡聚丙烯复合材料。利用旋转流变仪、差示扫描量热法和扫描电镜等手段,系统地研究EPDM对微发泡PP材料发泡行为的影响。结果表明,EPDM的加入提高了PP材料的熔体强度,对PP材料发泡质量有明显改善;同时使PP复合材料的降温结晶峰向高温移动,能有效抑制泡孔的变形及并泡等恶化现象。当EPDM的质量分数为20%时,泡孔形态较为理想,其泡孔直径和泡孔密度分别为14.43μm,2.49×10⁷cm^-3。与未加EPDM的微发泡PP复合材料比较,EPDM的加入能够拓宽发泡PP复合材料的发泡温度窗口,发泡温度范围为180~195℃。     

EP含量对PP/PP-g-MAH/EP微孔发泡复合材料发泡行为及力学性能的影响

采用化学发泡法制备了聚丙烯/聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐/环氧树脂(PP/PP-g-MAH/EP)微孔复合发泡材料,研究了EP粉体含量对其发泡行为及力学性能的影响。结果表明,EP粉体在发泡过程中起异相成核作用,且与PP-g-MAH反应形成的交联网络结构提高了复合材料的熔体强度,从而显著改善了泡孔结构。随着EP含量增加,微孔发泡材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度都呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当EP含量为5%时,复合材料的泡孔尺寸最小,泡孔密度最大,泡孔分布最均匀,微孔发泡材料的冲击强度最大;当EP含量为1%时,拉伸强度、弯曲强度最大,发泡材料的综合力学性能最佳。     

热塑性聚氨酯/氯化聚乙烯发泡珠粒的制备及性能EI北大核心CSCD

以氯化聚乙烯(CPE)、热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为原料,超临界CO_2为发泡剂,制备了TPU/CPE发泡珠粒。研究了TPU/CPE共混物的相容性、流变性能、发泡性能及CPE的含量对发泡珠粒抗收缩性能的影响。结果表明,CPE与TPU有良好的相容性,CPE的加入能有效改善TPU的发泡性能与抗收缩性能,CPE含量为10%时,得到平均泡孔尺寸最小(8. 851μm)、泡孔密度最大(1. 763×10^(12)cm^(-3))的发泡材料。TPU/CPE发泡珠粒的收缩率随着CPE含量的增加而降低,CPE的加入对降低TPU发泡珠粒的收缩有着显著作用。     

聚四氟乙烯微粉对超临界CO2发泡聚丙烯泡孔结构及性能的改善

通过挤出制备了三种不同聚四氟乙烯微粉(PTFE)含量(1.0%、5.0%、10.0%,质量分数)的聚丙烯/聚四氟乙烯(PP/PTFE)共混物样品,采用超临界二氧化碳(scCO2)作为物理发泡剂对样品进行间歇发泡,研究了发泡样品的微观泡孔结构,并分析其形成机理。结果表明:挤出剪切作用下由分散PTFE为原料制造的微粉可以变成具有一定长径比的纤维状,并相互缠结形成网状结构,进而显著增加PP的熔体强度。流变性能测试结果表明,在低频区PP/PTFE复数黏度增强更加明显;制备的PP/PTFE发泡材料具有良好的微孔结构,泡孔均匀性明显改善,且随着PTFE添加量的增加,发泡材料孔径变小(平均值约31μm),孔密度增加10倍,达到7.4×10~8cells/cm~3,这归因于在发泡过程中PTFE颗粒增强PP异相成核且较高的熔体强度保证了完整泡孔的形成。相比于纯PP泡沫材料,PP/PTFE(1.0%)泡沫具有较大的发泡倍率,发泡倍率可达8倍,拉伸应力从原来6 MPa增加到11 MPa,断裂伸长率从107%增加到230%。     

ABS高胶粉对发泡聚乳酸复合材料发泡质量及性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

以化学发泡为主线,制备了发泡聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料,通过差示扫描量热分析、扫描电镜、动态力学热分析、热重分析等,研究了ABS高胶粉(ABSHR)对发泡PLA复合材料发泡质量、力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着ABSHR含量的增加,发泡PLA/ABSHR复合材料的结晶性能增强、熔体强度提高,发泡PLA复合材料的发泡质量明显改善;添加20%ABSHR的发泡PLA复合材料,其冲击强度达到14.31kJ/m^2,比未添加ABSHR的发泡PLA复合材料提高了221.6%;ABSHR的加入显著提高了发泡体系的热稳定性,拓宽了聚乳酸的应用范围。     

辐射交联聚丙烯的超临界二氧化碳发泡EI北大核心CSCD

为了提高直链型聚丙烯(PP)的发泡性能,选用三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)为交联剂与PP共混热压成PP片材,用伽玛射线对PP片材进行辐射改性。采用超临界二氧化碳发泡技术对不同TAIC含量和不同吸收剂量PP片材进行发泡研究。结果表明,TAIC的质量分数为0.5%~2%时,PP较为适宜发泡。当TAIC质量分数为2%(PP2)时,辐射交联增加了PP2的交联度,降低了PP2的熔体流动速率,提高了PP2的发泡性能。PP2片材吸收剂量为10 k Gy时,交联最为充分,此时PP2发泡的性能较好(泡沫的泡孔尺寸分布均匀,体积膨胀率为15)。在相同的发泡条件下,辐照改性PP2的泡孔直径大小随吸收剂量的增加而增大。     

纳米蒙脱土对木粉/聚丙烯复合材料发泡性能的影响

采用高压釜间歇式发泡法,结合超临界CO₂微孔发泡技术制备了发泡木粉-纳米蒙脱土(NMMT)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。通过对复合材料的结晶行为、流变性能、泡孔形貌及压缩性能进行分析,主要研究了NMMT对其微孔结构及力学性能的改善作用。结果表明:NMMT的引入使木粉/PP复合材料中PP基体的结晶速率加快,结晶度减小,有利于发泡均相体系的形成和泡孔生长;PP分子链的运动受到NMMT片层的抑制作用,导致木粉/PP复合材料的熔体弹性提高,泡孔合并与塌陷的现象减少,发泡材料的平均泡孔直径从30.4 μm降低至20.3 μm,并且泡孔尺寸的均匀性得到明显改善,压缩强度和模量分别提高了187%和223%。      

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.