Surface and adhesion properties of poly(ethylene glycol) on polyester(polyethylene terephthalate) fabric surface: Effect of air‐atmospheric plasma treatment

The surface and adhesion properties of different molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (400, 1500, and 3000 g/mol) on untreated and air‐atmospheric plasma‐treated PET woven fabrics were studied, with the aim of developing durable hydrophilic PET fibrous structures. PEG application was carried out by padding of the PET fabric in aqueous solution of PEG followed by curing and drying. The surface properties of the PEG‐coated PET fabrics were then characterized using wicking test to measure the water contact angle (θ°) and capillary weight (W_c), and using atomic force microscopy (AFM) images in the tapping mode. Results showed that without a prior air‐atmospheric plasma treatment of the PET fabric, the water contact angle decreased and capillary weight increased with the three PEGs, implying an increase in the hydrophilicity of both inner and outer PET fabric fiber surface. Air‐plasma treatment of the PET fabrics before PEG coating increases further the hydrophilicity of the inner fabric fiber surface: the capillary weight was almost doubled in the case of the three PEGs. Best results were obtained with PEG 1500: water contact angle decreasing from 82° to 51°, and the capillary weight increasing from 11 mg to 134 mg. Moreover, wash fastness test at room temperature and at 80°C confirms improved adhesion of PEG‐1500 to the plasma‐treated PET woven fabric surface, while under the same conditions the plasma‐treated PET without PEG loses completely its hydrophilic character. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.     

聚乙二醇接枝壳聚糖对涤纶织物性能的影响

以壳聚糖为原料,通过邻苯二甲酸酐封闭2位氨基,利用三聚氰氯将壳聚糖的6位羟基引入聚乙二醇(PEG2000)链上,得到水溶性较好的壳聚糖衍生物(TCSO-PEG2000)。用TCSO-PEG2000整理剂对涤纶织物进行处理,采用红外光谱和扫描电镜对整理剂及涤纶织物进行表征分析,研究整理剂的用量、焙烘时间、焙烘温度等对涤纶织物的强力、透气性、亲水性、抗静电等性能的影响。结果表明:在整理剂质量浓度为8 g/L、焙烘时间为5 min、焙烘温度为120℃时,涤纶织物具有较好的力学性能、亲水性能及抗静电性能。     

聚醚酯型抗静电整理剂的研究

以对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)、乙二醇(EG)和聚乙二醇(PEG)为原料合成涤纶用聚醚酯型抗静电 整理剂(PEE)。对影响PEE合成的主要因素,如PEG相对分子质量、原料配比、温度、时间及真空度等进行 了研究。结果表明,PEE合成工艺的最佳条件为:PEG相对分子质量为6000,原料配比PEG／DMT(摩尔比) 约为1:50,温度约为260℃,时间约为1h,真空度为100～300 Pa。合成的PEE对涤纶织物具有良好的抗静 电效果。     

Studies on thermal activities of fabrics treated by polyethylene glycol

In this study, the special adjusting‐temperature function of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with low molecular weight was introduced. PEGs and a two‐group mixing system of PEGs of different molecular weights were added to fabrics, respectively, and the thermal activities of modified fabrics were studied. In addition, the thermal stability of PEG and fabric at a higher curing temperature was also discussed in detail. The results showed that the thermal properties of PEG decreased after being crosslinked to fabrics and the thermal activity parameters of treated fabrics could be changed and adjusted by selecting an appropriate two‐group mixing system. Some thermolysis and thermooxidative degradation of PEG and fabric used in the investigations might take place at higher curing temperatures. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2288–2292, 2003     

Antibacterial polymeric coating based on polypyrrole and polyethylene glycol on a new alloy TiAlZr

In order to enhance properties of the polymer composite films, composite coatings based on polypyrrole (PPy) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), using various percentages of PEG (0.5%, 2%, 4%), were electrodeposited on a new titanium alloy electrode as insulating material. The structure of the coatings was investigated via infrared (FTIR) analysis, and the surface features were studied using contact angle determination, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). When testing the antibacterial properties of the coatings, the best effect was found for the coating with 2% PEG concentration, which has hydrophilic character and small roughness. Such results are in concordance with mechanism of biomaterial–bacteria interaction which involves as factors affecting bacterial adhesion and growth an initial physicochemical interaction stage, where roughness and wettabilitty are factors promoting bacterial adhesion and biofilm deposition.     

Durable Antistatic Finishes for Nylon Fabrics I—Coatings Incorporating Cationic Agents

In attempts to develop a satisfactory permanent antistatic finish for nylon fabrics, a durable but non-conducting coating of an acidic polymer on the nylon was made conducting by treatment with cationic surface-active agents. Certain cationic agents were found to be retained during rinsing. The antistatic activity, measured in terms of the surface electrical resistivity of the treated fabric, withstood several mild washes in an anionic detergent, and was completely regenerated when the fabric was re-treated with a cationic agent.     

Preparation and characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics treated by blends of cellulose nanocrystals and polyethylene glycol

In this study, the coating based on the blends of low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cellulose nano‐crystals (CNC) was introduced to immobilize on the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics to modify the surface properties of fabrics, and to fabricate comfortable fabrics for formidable climate. Field‐emission scanning electron microscope, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to study the topography, superficial ingredients, and thermal activity of the finished fabrics. The observation of field‐emission scanning electron microscope and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the surface of PET fabrics was covered by CNC/PEG1000/PEG600 coating. The transition onset temperature and phase change enthalpy of PET fabrics treated with CNC/PEG1000/PEG600 were at 7.06°C and 11.41 kJ/kg, respectively. Dimensional memory measurement demonstrated that the introduction of CNC caused the deformation percent to decrease by about 41% for PET fabrics covered with CNC/PEG1000/PEG600 coating. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Organoclays assisted vat and disperse dyeing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposite fabrics via melt spinning

Polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposites containing six modified montmorillonite nanoclays were prepared by a melt compounding technique. The effect of intercalated compounds of montmorillonite on textile mechanical properties of resultant polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposite fabrics was investigated. Winding was not possible, when the polymers were first compounded with the desired amount of montmorillonite and then spun, as filament breakage occurred. Spinable polymer were only obtained by mixing polyethylene terephthalate master batches with 4 wt% montmorillonite, which contained tallow intercalating compound with pure untreated polyethylene terephthalate to a montmorillonite content of 0.5 wt%, thus decreasing the concentration of thermally degraded polymer chains. After spinning the fibres were drawn and knitted into fabric samples for further testing. The prepared polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposite fabrics using montmorillonite exhibited higher colour strength using vat and disperse dyes compared with those of the reference fabrics made from fibres spun without montmorillonite clay content and regular fabrics. The carbocyclic‐based vat dyes have higher colour strength values on polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposite fabrics if compared with heterocyclic‐based vat dyes. The colour fastness ratings for both vat and disperse dyeings secured very good to excellent washing and perspiration fastness on polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposite fabrics. All dyed fabrics showed excellent light fastness using vat and disperse dyes. The preparation of polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposite fabrics with improved textile mechanical and vat dyeing properties needs further investigations.     

抗静电织物的电荷面密度测试与分析

通过YG(B)403型织物摩擦带电测试仪测试各种无导电纤维织物、不锈钢纤维织物、有机导电纤维织物的电荷面密度,研究了摩擦次数和含水率对织物抗静电性能的影响。结果表明:大部分含导电纤维的织物抗静电性能优于普通织物;摩擦次数对织物的抗静电性能基本无影响;随着含水率的减少,含导电纤维的织物抗静电性能有提高趋势,普通织物抗静电性能会有所下降。     

生物基共聚酯纤维的抗静电性能

以对苯二甲酸和生物基乙二醇为原料,聚乙二醇(PEG)为第三单体,纳米氧化锌(Zn O)为抗静电添加剂,制备抗静电生物基共聚酯,并纺制抗静电生物基共聚酯纤维。通过特性黏度、热学性能、表面接触角和体积比电阻值分析PEG和纳米Zn O的添加量对生物基共聚酯切片与纤维热学性能、亲水性能及抗静电性能的影响。试验结果发现:当PEG及纳米Zn O添加量分别为摩尔分数0.2%及1.6%时,改性生物基共聚酯纤维的热学性能最稳定,抗静电性能在所研究范围内最优。     

Increasing adhesion of a fluoropolymer coating to terlon fabrics

The weave type and density of Terlon fabrics have no effect on the level of their adhesive reaction with a fl uoropolymer coating. Treating Terlon fabric in glow-discharge plasma increases the strength of the bond of the fluoropolymer coating with the fabric by 3-4 times. Use of an adhesive based on urethane rubber and a cross-linking agent — polyisocyanate — increases adhesion of the polymer coating to the Terlon fabric to 1.0 kgf/cm.     

植酸对羽毛角蛋白整理涤纶织物性能的影响及分析

为提高羽毛角蛋白（FK）对涤纶织物的后整理效果及其耐久性，本文向羽毛角蛋白整理液中添加了植酸（PA）组分，采用SEM和FTIR对整理前后涤纶织物的形貌和结构进行了表征，同时比分析了PA对FK整理涤纶织物表面静态接触角、芯吸高度、抗静电性能的影响规律。此外，将整理的涤纶织物进行洗涤处理，测试了织物上FK的保留率。结果表明：与单一组分FK整理的涤纶织物相比，PA组分的加入使得涤纶织物表面的FK附着量增加，整理涤纶织物的芯吸高度与抗静电性提升，表面静态接触角下降；同时PA还提升了FK整理涤纶织物的耐久性，经相同工艺水洗后，具有较高的FK保留率。     

Hydrolytic and thermal degradation of polyethylene glycol compatibilized poly(lactic acid)-nanocrystalline cellulose bionanocomposites

This study investigates the effect of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the hydrolytic degradation behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) bio-nanocomposites compared with that of neat PLA, under specific environmental condition, namely at 37°C in a pH 7.4 phosphate buffer medium for a time period up to 60 days. The water absorption, mass loss, molecular weight, and the morphologies of nanocomposites before and after degradation were explored. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study the thermal decomposition of the PLA/NCC/PEG nanocomposites before and after degradation. The results showed that the presence of hydrophilic NCC and PEG significantly accelerated the hydrolytic degradation of PLA, which was related to the rapid dissolution of PEG causing easy access of water molecules to the composites and initiating fast hydrolytic chain scission of PLA. The thermal degradation temperatures of the nanocomposites slightly decreased due to the poor thermal stability of NCC in comparison with that of the neat PLA. After degradation, the thermal stability of the separated PLA from nanocomposites significantly decreased because the molecular decreased during the hydrolytic process. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 46933.     

Horseradish peroxidase-mediated polyethylene glycol-templated polymerisation of gallic acid and pyrrole to improve the functionalisation and dyeing properties of silk fabrics

Silk fabrics treated with gallic acid/pyrrole (PGA/PPy) complexes polymerised using horseradish peroxidase have higher electrochemical activity than silk fabrics dyed with gallic acid alone. However, the degree of polymerisation decreases. As a result, the ultraviolet (UV) protection and fastness of the silk fabric were lowered. To solve this problem, we studied the degree of polymerisation of the complex and the functionality of dyed silk fabrics by applying a polyethylene glycol (PEG) template to the enzymatic polymerisation of PGA/PPy. The polymerisation mechanism of the complexes was analysed in detail using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS). Consequently, the PGA/PPy/PEG complex has a higher degree of polymerisation than the PGA/PPy prepared without PEG, indicating that the PEG template can promote the polymerisation of PGA and PPy. As a result, we found that the presence of the PEG template improved the thermal stability and UV protection function of the dyed silk fabric, but did not impair the electrochemical activity of silk fabric. As a result of analysing the colour depth, it exhibited a higher K/S value compared to the dyed silk fabric in the absence of PEG. Additionally, its colour fastness was improved.     

A novel durable hydrophobic surface coating of poly(lactic acid) fabric by pulsed plasma polymerization

Effective finishing on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fibres could be difficult due to its low melting point. Traditional fluorocarbon application technology (pad, dry, and cure at high temperature) on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and PLA fibres fabrics was compared with a novel plasma polymerization technique which was performed on both fabrics. Liquid repellency properties of both mentioned fabrics, before and after washing were evaluated. Fabric mechanical properties were compared by measuring bursting strength and fabric hand. The results indicate that, in general, the plasma process imparted better fabric handle and overall repellency, particularly with regard to low temperature re-orientation. Furthermore, by adding a proper softener, the inter-fibre friction was reduced and better elastic recovery was achieved.     

Research of polylactide porous hollow nanofiber membrane with high selective absorption characteristics

A porous hollow fiber membrane using polylactide (PLA), a representative bio-derived polymer, was successfully fabricated. The use of high surface area fabrics can effectively absorb liquids, making it possible to impart selective absorbency to fabrics made of hydrophobic PLA. In this study, a porous PLA fabric was developed by applying the porosity of the fiber surface depending on the solvent, and the change was confirmed by morphological image analysis. To increase the total surface area effectively, hollow fibers were fabricated with coaxial electrospinning to maintain the pores of the surface while having a hollow space, and the changed oil absorption based on the fiber structure was measured. To enhance the selective absorption of the fabric to the oil, a coating process using nanoparticle was added. Dodecyltrichlorosilane-treated silica became superhydrophobic by attaching special functional groups to the surface of the particles. The treated silica was coated on the surface of the fabric to provide the functionality. To confirm the selective absorbency of the coated fabric, changes in oil and water absorption were analyzed, and the performance of the fabric was demonstrated. The fabricated PLA porous hollow fiber membranes are expected to replace existing products in the fields of tissue engineering, biofilters, and environment-friendly fabrics.     

The effect of poly(ethylene glycol) as plasticizer in blends of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene succinate)

The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) blends was examined. Overall, it was found that PEG acted as an effective plasticizer for the PLA phase in these microphase‐separated blends, increasing the elongation at break in all blends and decreasing the T_g of the PLA phase. Significant effects on other properties were also observed. The tensile strength and Young's modulus both decreased with increasing PEG content in the blends. In contrast, the elongation at break increased with the addition of PEG, suggesting that PEG acted as a plasticizer in the polymer blends. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the fracture mode of PLA changed from brittle to ductile with the addition of PEG in the polymer blends. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43044.     

PEG-ZnO-PP复合抗静电剂及其对聚丙烯纤维的改性

选用相对分子质量分别为10 000和20 000的聚乙二醇(PEG 10000,PEG 20000)与氧化锌(ZnO)、马来酸酐(MAH)混合,再与聚丙烯(PP)共混,制备复合抗静电剂(PEG-ZnO-PP),然后将其与PP共混纺丝,制得共混纤维。研究了PEG-ZnO-PP复合抗静电剂的流动性和热性能,考察了共混纤维的力学性能和抗静电性。结果表明:复合抗静电剂的流动性和热性能因PEG的相对分子质量不同而有所不同,含PEG 10000的复合抗静电剂的流动性能较好,且其熔融热焓、熔融结晶温度、结晶放热高于含PEG 20000的复合抗静电剂。共混纤维力学性能和静电半衰期随复合抗静电剂含量的增加而减小,含PEG 20000的共混纤维抗静电效果更好。     

Influence of electron beam treatment of jute on the thermal properties of random and two-directional jute/poly(lactic acid) green composites

In the present study, randomly aligned jute fiber/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and two-directionally aligned jute fabric/PLA green composites with jute (50% by weight) treated with electron beam at different dosages (0, 5, 10, 30, 50, and 100?kGy) were fabricated by compression molding technique and the effect of electron beam treatment on their thermal properties was investigated in terms of thermal expansion, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical thermal property, and heat deflection temperature (HDT). The dynamic storage modulus and HDT of neat PLA were significantly increased by incorporating jute fibers or fabrics into PLA, whereas the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the damping property were decreased, reflecting the enhancement in the interfacial adhesion between the jute and the PLA by electron beam treatment with an optimal dosage of 10?kGy and the reinforcing effect by jute. The result exhibited that the thermal stability, storage modulus, and HDT of jute/PLA green composites were highest with the electron beam irradiation of jute at 10?kGy and lowest at 100?kGy, whereas the CTE and tan δ were lowest at 10?kGy and highest at 100?kGy. The thermal behavior of random jute/PLA green composites shows a similar tendency to that of 2D jute/PLA counterparts and the influence of electron beam irradiation on the thermal properties studied was consistent with each other. The thermomechanical analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and HDT results were in agreement with each other, showing a comparable effect of electron beam irradiation on composites thermal characteristics.     

涤纶亲水整理剂LS的合成及应用

采用邻苯二甲酸酐与聚乙二醇反应合成亲水整理剂LS,分析了合成过程中苯酐与聚乙二醇的量比、反应时间、反应温度、聚合度等因素对其性能的影响。合成整理剂Ls的最优工艺为：苯酐和聚乙二醇量比为1：1,反应温度145—1：55℃,反应时间约4h。并对整理剂Ls的应用工艺进行了优选。实验表明,整理剂LS用量5％（owf）,二浸二轧,轧余率为100％,烘干（80℃,5min）,焙烘（200℃,90s）,在此工艺下合成的整理剂整理的涤纶织物获得较好的亲水性,并具有一定的耐洗性和抗静电性。