硼对高强度弹簧钢脱碳敏感性的影响

弹簧表面形成脱碳层将恶化其疲劳性能,因此要求弹簧钢具有低的脱碳敏感性。研究了不同硼含量(0．0006％～0．0027％)对中碳高强度弹簧钢脱碳敏感性的影响。采用等温处理和等时处理研究了含硼中碳弹簧钢和作为对比的60Si2Mn钢的脱碳层深度和氧化失重量的变化情况。结果表明：实验钢的脱碳层深度和氧化失重量均随硼含量的增加而减少。这表明,钢中添加微量硼能够抑制弹簧钢的氧化和脱碳。硼的这种良好作用主要与其在原奥氏体晶界的偏聚有关。含硼中碳弹簧钢的氧化和脱碳敏感性明显低于所对比的60Si2Mn钢,这除了与硼抑制钢的氧化和脱碳的作用有关外,前者较低的碳含量也是一个主要原因。     

Si对中碳弹簧钢氧化脱碳行为的影响

试验研究了成分(%)为0.49C-0.29Si-1.65Mn、n53C-0.78Si-1.56Mn和0.54C-1.74Si-0.71Mn(60Si2MnA)3种中碳弹簧钢850℃5～120 min水冷和780～1000℃60 min水冷热处理后的脱碳敏感性和氧化失重行为。结果表明,随钢中硅含量增加,钢的脱碳层深度增加,氧化失重量减少,说明Si能增加钢中碳的扩散系数,促进钢的脱碳。     

φ20～42iniil60Si2MnA弹簧钢的脱碳控制

介绍了石钢三轧厂加热炉在加热60Si2MnA弹簧钢时存在的缺陷。为了减小中φ20-42mm60Si2MnA弹簧钢的脱碳层深度,进行了加热工艺参数调整,根据用风量调整炉内氧化性气氛,调节烧嘴轴向风和切向风的比例等试验,使φ20～42mm60Si2MnA弹簧钢脱碳检验的一次合格率,稳步提高,达到96．O％,提高了产品质量。     

60Si2Mn弹簧钢加热温度对表面脱碳的影响

表面脱碳是高速线材生产的重要问题之一.在考虑碳扩散和氧化因素后,理论计算了加热温度对60Si2Mn弹簧钢表面脱碳影响的规律,表明在900～1000℃加热温度下60Si2Mn弹簧钢脱碳层厚度存在最小值,此结果与60Si2Mn弹簧钢氧化脱碳试验结果一致.结合钢的相变进一步分析了不同加热温度下表面脱碳层形貌变化的规律,并简要介绍了脱碳控制的主要途径.     

铌对60Si2Mn弹簧钢表面脱碳敏感性的影响

 采用金相法测量了不同铌含量的弹簧钢60Si2Mn的脱碳层深度,系统研究了铌及其含量对60Si2Mn弹簧钢表面脱碳敏感性的影响。研究结果表明：添加铌元素可以有效降低60Si2Mn的脱碳敏感性,但脱碳层深度并未随铌含量的微量增加而降低。利用Thermo-Calc DICTRA软件对不同温度下碳在奥氏体中的扩散系数进行了计算,考虑了铌及其他合金元素对碳的扩散影响。通过菲克第二定律获得了试验钢中脱碳层深度随温度的变化规律,并与实测值相吻合。为研究其他微合金元素对脱碳层的影响提供了一种更为有效的手段。     

42CrMo钢表面脱碳行为研究

利用S60/58507型高温热重分析仪研究了加热温度对42CrMo钢脱碳的影响，分析了脱碳组织形貌规律，对传统脱碳模型进行了修正。结果表明，总脱碳深度随加热温度的升高而增加。当加热温度为900℃时，42CrMo钢表面出现完全脱碳层和部分脱碳层，当温度为950℃及以上温度时，42CrMo钢表面只出现部分脱碳层。部分脱碳层中铁素体沿晶界分布，形成网状铁素体组织。由于合金元素的作用，传统的脱碳模型不能适用于42CrMo，修正之后的模型能够较为准确地预测42CrMo钢的总脱碳深度。     

加热期间弹簧钢55SiCr表面脱碳的影响因素研究

在实验室研究了加热温度、保温时间和加热炉内气氛对弹簧钢55S iCr表面脱碳的影响,并对脱碳反应进行了热力学分析。结果表明：在950℃-1250℃范围随温度升高,弹簧钢完全脱碳层厚度先增加后减小,1200℃时完全脱碳层厚度达到最大值,1250℃时由于氧化速度大于脱碳速度,完全脱碳层消失。弹簧钢完全脱碳层厚度分别随加热时间延长、气氛中CO2含量升高、O2含量升高和H2O（g）含量增加而明显增加。当温度为950℃、气氛中O2含量为1%、加热时间为35 min的条件下,可避免完全脱碳层的形成。     

新型高强韧性弹簧钢40T 和44T 脱碳倾向的研究

新型高强韧性弹簧钢40T(%:0.41C-2. 12Si- 1.03Cr- 1.98Ni-0.31Mo-0.25V),44T(%:0.44C-2.28Si- 1.42Cr-0.25V)和弹簧钢60Si2CrVA(%:0.59C-1.65Si-1.11Cr-0.18V)的φ18 mm 和φ26 mm 试验钢材由北满特钢 20t电弧炉冶炼,经轧制、冷拔而成。各钢材经860～1000℃加热脱碳试验的结果表明,40T钢碳含量较低,并 有～2%Ni,其脱碳倾向明显低于44T钢和60Si2CrVA钢;880 ℃加热1 h时,40T钢没有脱碳,44T钢脱碳层深 0.05mm,60Si2CrVA钢脱碳层深0.15 mm;1000 ℃加热20 min,40T钢脱碳层深0.1 mm,44T 钢0.2 mm, 60Si2CrVA钢0.4 mm。40T钢脱碳倾向小,有利于提高弹簧的疲劳寿命。     

Cr-Mo-V系冷镦钢表面脱碳演变规律的研究

研究了冷镦钢40CrMoV加热温度、加热时间及表面处理对脱碳层深度和组织形貌的影响,并分析了表面脱碳随温度变化的演变机理。结果表明,冷镦钢40CrMoV在700～1 100℃加热时,其总脱碳层深度随温度的升高逐渐增大,750～850℃为完全脱碳层生成的敏感温度区间,其在800℃时达到峰值;保温时间的延长使得脱碳层深度进一步加深;表面车削处理后使总脱碳层降低50%,完全脱碳层得到恶化。对冷镦钢40CrMoV在工业生产中表面脱碳的控制提出了建议。     

热轧盘条SWRH72A中间坯表面脱碳的影响因素

利用加热炉、热模拟试验机研究了钢帘线用热轧盘条SWRH72A中间坯表面脱碳情况,分析了加热时间、加热温度及冷却速度对脱碳层深度的影响。结果表明,加热温度800℃时,SWRH72A基本不发生脱碳;加热温度 850℃时,脱碳层深度随温度的升高而增加。900℃保温时SWRH72A表面为完全脱碳;保温时间越长,SWRH72A脱碳层深度越大。脱碳深度与保温时间的平方根成线性关系。生产时应尽量降低加热温度,缩短高温段的保温时间,事故时尽量避开900℃待温;控冷工序提高冷却速度,以降低二次脱碳程度。     

Effect of carbon content and grain size on structure and depth of surface decarburization of high carbon steel

The surface decarburization of hard wire will occur in the process of heating and rolling, which will seriously affect the performance of workpiece. The effects of holding temperature and carbon content on the type and depth of decarburized layer on hard wire 60, 70 and 82B steel were studied by isothermal heating experiment. The effects of crystallite dimensions of original austenite on decarburization depth of spring steel 60Si2MnA were analyzed. The results show that there is only a complete decarburization layer of 60 steel at 700-750℃ after heating at different temperatures for 90min. There is only a partial decarburization layer at 750-850℃. The depth of decarburized layer decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and there is only a partial decarburization layer at 850-900℃. The depth of complete decarburization layer decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and the depth of partial decarburization layer increases gradually with the increase of temperature. The partial decarburization layer of 70 steel only exists at 850-900℃. The depth of complete decarburization layer of 82B steel increases gradually with the increase of temperature, then gradually decreases to zero, at least gradually increases. Only a complete decarburization layer exists at 700℃. There is partial decarburization when the hard wires carbon content is in the γ single phase region, and the depth increases with the increase of carbon content. There is complete decarburization when the carbon content is mainly in the α+γ two phase region, and the depth decreases first and then increases with the increase of carbon content. The depth of the complete decarburization layer of the spring steel 60Si2MnA decreases with the increase of crystallite dimensions of original austenite.     

30CrMo钢表面脱碳试验

 在实验室模拟CSP工艺的加热条件,对30CrMo钢进行试验,用金相法测量脱碳层厚度,用失重法对30CrMo钢的氧化层厚度进行估算,结合氧化烧损研究了加热温度和保温时间对30CrMo钢的实际脱碳层厚度的影响规律。结果表明,在试验气氛为（体积分数,%）CO216.5、O20.8、H2O13、N269.7,加热温度范围为1 000～1 150 ℃时,30CrMo钢的实际脱碳层厚度随着加热时间的增加而增加,低于1 050 ℃时,脱碳层厚度随着温度升高而增加,高于1 050 ℃时,脱碳层由于氧化加剧而减少,1 050 ℃为脱碳敏感温度。     

Effects of Si and Cr on Complete Decarburization Behavior of High Carbon Steels in Atmosphere of 2 vol.% O2

The effects of chemical compositions,especially silicon and chromium contents,on the complete decarburization behaviors of steels in atmosphere of 2 vol.% O_2 and 98vol.%N_2 were investigated by using a simultaneous thermal analyzer.Complete decarburization was observed at both 750 and 800 ℃ for 60Si2 Mn A steel,while 750 ℃ only for 92 A steel.For GCr15 steel,no decarburization was found at 750 or 800 ℃,and only partial decarburization was observed at 850 ℃.It indicates that silicon promotes while chromium prevents the complete decarburization of steels in atmosphere with 2 vol.%O_2.The main reason is that silicon increases while chromium reduces the equilibrium concentration of ferrite at the interface of ferrite and austenite,which results in the complete decarburization.     

60Si2MnA弹簧钢盘条脱碳层控制工艺的优化

60Si2MnA弹簧钢ø9ø12 mm盘条的生产流程为100 t BOF-LF-VD-150 mm×150 mm坯连铸-高速线材轧制工艺。讨论了脱碳机理和分析了脱碳的影响因素。通过适当降低二加热段温度,提高均热段温度,铸坯总加热时间由2.7 h降至1.5 h,控制加热炉内氧含量3%5%,开轧和吐丝温度分别从（1000±20）℃和（850±15）℃降至（950±20）℃和（820±20）℃,减少727℃以上温度的风冷时间等工艺措施,使60Si2MnA弹簧钢盘条的全脱碳层由0.072 mm降至0,总脱碳层由0.142 mm降至0.063 mm,弹簧的疲劳寿命由17.7万次提高到23.2万次。     

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An experiment simulating the heating environment of CSP furnace was performed to study the effects of heating temperature, holding time and heating atmosphere on the decarburization of 50CrV4 spring steel. The results show that the decarburization layer depth of 50CrV4 steel increases with increasing the holding time. With holding time of 30 and 60min, the decarburization layer depth increases with increasing the heating temperature below 1050?? and decreases when the temperature is over 1050??. The decarburization layer depth reaches the peak at 1050??. The mixed atmosphere of O2+CO2+H2O+N2 can effectively reduce the decarburization layer depth more than that of O2+CO2+N2 and H2O+N2. Combined with the oxidation model and Fick??s Second Law, the decarburization calculation model is established and corrected with experimental data.     

奥氏体化温度对51CrV4钢淬火组织和性能的影响

 为了找出51CrV4钢最佳的奥氏体化温度和最佳的综合力学性能，研究了奥氏体化温度对51CrV4钢淬火组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明，随着奥氏体化温度的升高，奥氏体晶粒逐渐长大，淬火后组织硬度呈先增大后减少的趋势，经460 ℃回火后的强度先增大后减小；当奥氏体化温度为880 ℃时，奥氏体晶粒细小均匀，得到的马氏体组织致密，强度和硬度均达到最大值；当奥氏体化温度达到910 ℃时，奥氏体晶粒粗大，而且试验钢出现明显的脱碳现象，强度、硬度和塑性明显下降。研究表明，在实现完全奥氏体化前提下，为保证晶粒均匀且不出现脱碳现象，51CrV4钢获得良好性能的最佳淬火温度为880 ℃。