浇注方式对熔模铸造薄壁铸件组织与性能的影响

以某型号大功率发动机薄壁不锈钢零件为对象,对熔模铸造过程中三种浇注方式(顶注式、底注武与侧注式)的充型过程进行了模拟分析,研究了浇注方式对铸件微观组织和布氏硬度的影响.结果表明,浇注方式对铸件的微观组织有显著影响 组织中铁素体的分布及数量与铸件轴向各部分凝固顺序有关.底注式铸件的平均硬度高于其他两种浇注方式的铸件.     

汽车垫块铸造工艺设计与优化

以某汽车垫块为研究对象,根据铸件的结构特点,设计了底注搭边式浇注系统的砂型铸造工艺。对铸件上无法直接成形部分,采用分块设计的砂芯成形,且砂芯之间设置了定位和芯头,有效避免了铸型错位。运用AnyCasting软件对铸件进行数值模拟分析,针对铸件出现的缺陷,设计了冒口和冷铁对其进行补缩,使铸件实现了顺序凝固。最终生产出的铸件精度较高,质量得以保证,满足工作要求。     

铝青铜熔模铸件夹渣的防止

研究了铝青铜熔模铸件夹渣的形成机理,分析了产生原因,阐述了浇注系统设计、合金熔炼及浇注等方面的控制重点。当采用蛇形浇道底注式的浇注系统和横浇道侧注式浇注系统,可使铸件夹渣缺陷明显减少,铸件质量大幅提高。     

气缸体铸件的组芯立浇工艺

介绍了气缸体铸件的结构及技术要求,详细阐述了生产过程:采用冷芯盒法制芯,人工组芯造型,砂芯的配合间隙设计为0.1,并用螺栓紧固,砂芯涂料层厚度为0.2 mm,浸涂后保证芯组涂料均匀,无涂料堆积;采用底注式浇注系统、立浇的浇注方式,浇注温度1 420~1 440℃,浇注时间10~13 s。最终生产的铸件,尺寸精度达到了GB/T 6414-1999中CT8要求,且铸件的尺寸稳定,铸件的金相组织及力学性能完全符合要求,未发现有缩松存在,铸件内、外腔表面光洁,达到了气缸体铸件的技术要求。     

铰链梁铸造缺陷分析及对策

分析了HTDS-034DM压机铰链梁的生产工艺及主要铸造缺陷，提出了其铸造生产的改进措施。结果表明：采用底注开放式浇注系统，加大浇口面积以提高浇注速度，大砂芯内填充草绳以增加砂芯的退让性，开设好内砂芯的排气系统，做好铸型表面涂料的涂刷及烘干，熔炼质量合格的钢水以及合适的浇注温度是生产合格铰链梁铸件的关键。     

底注式浇注系统仿真分析

结合简单形状铸件,对底注式浇注系统进行了充型过程仿真计算。结果表明,充型过程较平稳,直浇道压力头作用明显,铸件温度分布呈现上低下高特征。这些特点与实际底注式浇注系统较吻合。     

有细长铸孔的球铁油压机上座的铸造工艺优化

介绍了油压机平板上座的铸件结构及技术要求,详细阐述了铸件原生产工艺及存在的问题,通过采用底注式陶瓷管浇注系统及泡沫陶瓷过滤网,优化浇冒口系统、排气系统、激冷系统,净化了铁液,实现了平稳充型,减小了气体和铁液的流动阻力,缩小浇、冒口与铸件连接处的热节,提高了铸型和砂芯的排气能力,有效地消除了铸件缩孔、缩松、夹渣和气孔缺陷,使工艺出品率达到92.7%,铸件合格率达到99%。细长孔采用耐火陶瓷管制作砂芯,浇注后铸孔无烧结粘砂和化学粘砂现象,易于清理,铸孔光洁笔直,达到使用要求。     

车用发动机大型气缸盖浇注工艺的优化设计

研究了车用发动机大型六缸气缸盖复杂薄壁铸铁件采用湿型粘土砂型铸造工艺,应用传统底注式进气侧浇注系统、中注式排气侧浇注系统,铸件出现严重的气孔、浇不足、冷隔等问题。结果表明,采用顶注式浇注系统,铸件合格率高、工艺出品率高,具有良好的技术经济效果,能降低浇注温度、铸件表面质量良好。     

小型圆筒形碳钢铸件熔模铸造工艺探讨

对一些原来采用砂型铸造的小型圆筒形碳钢铸件,因铸造缺陷多、铸造废品率高,根据其H/D≤2.0,且主要壁厚δ≤15 mm,铸件单件质量＜10 kg的特点,确定采用熔模铸造.试验比较了顶注式、底注式两种方案,试验表明,采用合理的底注式浇注系统和浇注工艺,能够获得质量较好的健全铸件,铸件的合格率可达到90%以上.     

消失模铸造壳体件浇注系统的设计

设计了三种浇注系统,对比分析了不同方案对壳体铸件质量的影响,确定方案三——浇道放置在铸件外侧的底注式浇注系统为最终实际生产方案。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.