腌制雪菜中适用发酵乳生产的耐酸性乳酸菌的筛选

本文从腌制雪菜中筛选适用于发酵乳生产的耐酸性乳酸菌新菌种,以期为发酵乳新产品的开发提供实验室参考。从14份腌制雪菜样品中分离得到46株菌,选择人工胃液中生存率在0.1%以上的12株菌进行凝乳能力、感官评定、理化指标、微生物限量及发酵后乳酸菌数等实验,确定XC-6和XC-10株各项指标均符合国家标准,为较适用于发酵乳生产的耐酸性菌株,进行分子生物学鉴定,表明两株菌均属植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum属。     

中东亚不同地区酸马奶中乳酸菌分离鉴定及优良菌株筛选

中东亚各国游牧民族都有饮用酸马奶的历史和传统，并将酸马奶用于健康保健。为了解中东亚地区酸马奶中乳酸菌物种多样性并筛选出有潜在益生特性的菌株，该研究对采集自我国、蒙古国、吉尔吉斯斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦等国家44份酸马奶进行乳酸菌分离和鉴定，并分析了其对体外人工胃肠液耐受性和牛乳发酵特性。结果显示，44份酸马奶样品中共分离和鉴定了264株乳酸菌菌株，中亚及我国锡林郭勒地区样品中马乳酒样乳杆菌(Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens)分离率较高，而瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus)为蒙古国和我国新疆地区样品的优势菌种。经脱脂乳发酵凝乳及产酸量分析和人工胃肠液耐受性评价筛选出L.helveticus Q27-6、植物乳杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)Q18-3和副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei) Q18-5等3株乳酸菌菌株具有潜在的益生菌特性，其温度适应性也提示较适合应用于酸马奶等低温发酵型特种乳制品的发酵生产。     

广西地区青年人肠道乳酸菌的分离及其发酵酸奶品质的评价

采用传统的可培养方法对广西青年人肠道乳酸菌进行了分离与纯化,通过16S rRNA序列分析对菌株进行了鉴定,并将筛选菌株作为酸奶发酵剂应用。结果表明,分离到的23株乳酸菌中被鉴定为发酵乳杆菌（Lactobacillus fermentum）11株,唾液乳杆菌（Lactobacillus salivarius）6株,格氏乳杆菌（Lactobacillus gasseri）2株,副干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus paracasei）1株,融合魏斯氏菌（Weissella confuse）2株和口乳杆菌（Lactobacillus oris）1株。筛选乳酸菌制作的酸奶之间芳香类物质差异并不显著（P＞0.05）,而酸奶样品间酸味、后味A和丰度差异较大。进一步分析表明,副干酪乳杆菌HBUAS54287、唾液乳杆菌HBUAS54223与HBUAS54248、格氏乳杆菌HBUAS54233、发酵乳杆菌HBUAS54238与HBUAS54318乳酸产生能力较强,可进一步筛选用于酸奶复合发酵剂的开发。     

酸菜发酵液中乳酸菌的分离与鉴定

从乳酸发酵的酸菜汁中分离筛选到8株产酸能力较高的乳酸菌,通过形态特征、菌落特征、生理生化特征和API试剂条鉴定,结果表明其中有7株菌为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),1株菌为短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)。     

传统东北酸菜中优良发酵性能乳酸菌的筛选及应用

以传统东北酸菜为研究对象,从中分离筛选高产酸乳酸菌,通过探究乳酸菌的低温生长性能、耐盐特性及抑菌能力,从中获得优良发酵性能的乳酸菌,其经分子生物学鉴定后应用于发酵酸菜。结果表明,从传统东北酸菜分离筛选获得192株乳酸菌,其中5株为高产酸乳酸菌,均被鉴定为植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）;5株高产酸乳酸菌中植物乳杆菌DBC3和DBC33兼有多种优良性能,且在15 ℃条件下,接种量为3%的植物乳杆菌DBC33发酵得到的酸菜感官评分最高,显著缩短了发酵周期（P＜0.05）,为东北酸菜的标准化生产和酸菜发酵剂的制备提供了参考依据。     

几株适用于发酵肉制品的乳酸菌的分离筛选及鉴定

为获得适合肉制品发酵的优良乳酸菌菌株,运用经典乳酸菌筛选法与分子生物学相结合方法从自然发酵香肠及泡菜水中分离纯化乳酸菌,并对其进行产气、产黏液等发酵特性测定试验,结合各菌株产酸能力以及在不同温度、pH、NaCl、NaNO_2的条件下的生长情况,最终筛选得到4株符合要求的乳酸菌。经形态学和16S rDNA序列分析,结果表明其中三株为植物乳杆菌(XC-3、XC-5、XC-9),另一株为鼠李糖乳杆菌(PC-3)。     

新疆阿勒泰地区传统酸乳中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及菌相分析

采用传统纯培养方法对采集自新疆阿勒泰地区的15份传统酸乳样品中的乳酸菌进行分离纯化,运用16S rDNA序列分析方法进行属种鉴定。结果表明,分离的36株乳酸菌属于乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的5个种或亚种。其中发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)8株,植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)6株,开菲尔乳杆菌(Lactobacillus kefiri)6株,干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)3株,鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)6株,德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(Lactobacillus bulgaricus)3株,瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus)4株。其中发酵乳杆菌为新疆阿勒泰地区传统酸乳中的优势菌种,占总分离株的22%。     

东北酸菜优良乳酸菌筛选及其抑菌特性研究

该实验从东北酸菜中分离纯化并鉴定出40种乳酸菌,主要为植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）、融合魏斯氏菌（Weissella confuse）、副干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus paracasei）、干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）、食窦魏斯氏菌（Weissella cibaria）。通过测定乳酸菌乳酸产量及其抑制大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）的能力,探究乳酸菌的产酸量与其抑菌作用之间相互关系。结果表明,菌株C1、E8、A5产酸能力较强,发酵12 h后发酵上清液中乳酸质量浓度＞12 g/L,抑菌圈直径＞12 mm,对大肠杆菌抑制能力强。表明东北酸菜中乳酸菌的产酸量与抑菌作用存在紧密的联系。     

恩施市泡萝卜中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其对品质的影响

对5份恩施地区泡萝卜中的乳酸菌进行了分离鉴定,同时对其分离株在以萝卜为原料的泡菜中的发酵特性进行了评价。结果表明:分离出18株乳酸菌菌株,分别为隶属于片球菌属(Pediococcus)的戊糖片球菌(P.pentosaceus)和隶属于乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的食品乳杆菌(L.alimentarius)、短乳杆菌(L.brevis)、副干酪乳杆菌(L.paracasei)、发酵乳杆菌(L.fermentum)和植物乳杆菌(L.plantarum),其中8株分离株为L.plantarum。通过质构分析发现,乳酸菌纯种发酵制备的多数泡萝卜样品硬度和脆性均明显高于自然发酵样品。通过电子鼻分析发现,W1C、W3C和W5C对多数乳酸菌纯种发酵泡萝卜水的响应值明显偏高。通过主成分分析发现,菌株L.paracasei HBUAS51063和L.plantarum HBUAS51053具有相对较佳的发酵特性。由此可见,恩施市泡萝卜中乳酸菌以L.plantarum为主,乳酸菌纯种发酵可提升多数泡萝卜的品质。     

科尔沁地区传统发酵奶豆腐中乳酸菌的鉴定

从科尔沁地区采集到5份传统发酵制作的奶豆腐样中分离出12株供试菌株,将分离的菌株的16S rDNA进行PCR扩增、序列分析并构建系统发育树。结果表明,12株菌株都属于乳酸菌(Lactic Acid Bacteria),其中6株乳杆菌(Lactobacillus),分别是植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)4株、干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)1株、戊糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus pentosus)1株;6株乳球菌(Lactococcus)分别是乳糖片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)5株和戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)1株。鉴定结果与生理生化实验结果一致,且以乳酸片球菌和植物乳杆菌为优势菌群。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press