基于张量分析的表情特征提取

表情识别的性能依赖于所提取表情特征的有效性,现有方法提取的表情基本上是人脸与表情的融合体,然而不同个体的人脸差异是表情识别的主要干扰因素。在表情识别时,理想情况是将个体相关的人脸特征和与个体无关的表情特征相分离。针对此问题,在三维空间建立人脸张量;然后用张量分析的方法将人脸特征与表情特征进行分离,使获取的表情参数与人脸无关。从而排除不同个体的人脸差异对表情识别的干扰。最后,在JAFFE表情数据库上验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于关键区域遮挡与重建的人脸表情识别

为了解决自然场景下人脸表情识别任务中的无用信息干扰和遮挡对识别性能的影响问题,提出一种基于关键区域遮挡与重建的人脸表情识别模型。利用多尺度特征提取网络,提取人脸图像的全局特征。根据68个人脸关键点划分出68个关键区域,并通过插值法提取68个关键区域的特征,同时采用注意力机制学习关键区域特征之间的先验关系。设计自监督的遮挡与重建模块,对关键区域特征进行随机遮挡,并利用已知区域信息来预测和重建被遮挡区域的特征,从而提高模型在自然场景下的表情识别性能。设计多个实验验证了该模型的泛化能力,并通过消融实验验证了模型中每个模块的有效性。实验结果表明,该模型在真实世界的情感面孔数据集(RAF-DB)和Occlusion-RAF-DB数据集上分别达到了88.44%和86.09%的识别准确率,相比于视觉Transformer(Vi T)等模型有效地提升了自然场景下人脸表情识别的性能。     

一种基于FKT算法的人脸表情识别方法

人脸表情识别是模式识别和计算机视觉领域的重要课题之一.本文使用C++编程实现基于动态级联算法的人脸检测器,使用人脸检测器提取出表情识别需要的人脸数据集,通过FKT(Fukunaga-Koontz Transform)算法来解决表情识别问题.实验结果表明算法的有效性.     

基于CNN与关键区域特征的人脸表情识别算法

为了克服目前公开的人脸表情数据集的数据量较少,并且有一些类别的表情表达存在一定的相似这两个因素对人脸表情识别率的影响,提出一种基于关键区域特征融合的人脸表情分类算法。算法首先提取人脸图像中表情表达的关键区域,然后分别提取关键区域的特征信息并融合,最终使用融合的特征进行分类。通过实验验证:算法在JAFFE和CK+公开数据集上均取得了较好的识别准确率。     

结合LBP特征和深度学习的人脸表情识别

对于人脸表情识别,传统方法是先提取图像特征,再使用机器学习方法进行识别,这种方法不但特征提取过程复杂且泛化能力也差。为了达到更好的人脸表情识别效果,文中提出一种结合特征提取和卷积神经网络的人脸表情识别方法。首先使用基于Haar-like特征的AdaBoost算法对于数据库原始图片进行人脸区域检测,然后提取人脸区域局部二值模式（Local Binary Patterns,LBP）特征图,将其尺寸归一化后输入到改进的LeNet-5神经网络模型中进行识别。在CK+和JAFFE数据集上采用10折交叉验证方法进行实验,分别为98.19%和96.35%的准确率。实验结果表明该方法与其他主流方法相比在人脸表情识别上有一定的先进性和有效性。     

基于多尺度特征注意力机制的人脸表情识别

针对传统卷积神经网络在人脸表情识别过程中存在有效特征提取针对性不强、识别准确率不高的问题,提出一种基于多尺度特征注意力机制的人脸表情识别方法。用两层卷积层提取浅层特征信息;在Inception结构基础上并行加入空洞卷积,用来提取人脸表情的多尺度特征信息;引入通道注意力机制,提升模型对重要特征信息的表示能力;最后,将得到的特征输入Softmax层进行分类。通过在公开数据集FER2013和CK+上进行仿真实验,分别取得了68.8%和96.04%的识别准确率,结果表明该方法相比许多经典算法有更好的识别效果。     

RGB-D动态序列的人脸自然表情识别

区别于以二维静态图像为对象的传统人脸表情识别,提出一种针对RGB-D动态图像序列分析的人脸自然表情自动识别算法.首先针对预处理后的RGB-D表情图像序列提取四维时空纹理特征作为局部动态特征;再利用慢特征分析自动检测表情序列的峰值图像,并提取脸部三维几何模型为全局静态特征;最后结合动、静态特征,经主成分分析降维后输入条件随机场模型完成特征训练和表情识别.经由BU-4DFE人脸表情库验证表明,该算法不但比传统静态表情识别算法和其他动态算法具有优越性,而且能够针对自然展现的表情实现自动识别,为今后算法的实用化提供了可能.     

人脸表情运动跟踪与表情识别算法

对于人脸视频中的每一帧,提出一种静态人脸表情识别算法,人脸表情运动参数被提取出来后,根据表情生理知识来分类表情;为了应对知识的不足,提出一种静态表情识别和动态表情识别相结合的算法,以基于多类表情马尔可夫链和粒子滤波的统计框架结合生理知识来同时提取人脸表情运动和识别表情.实验证明了算法的有效性.     

基于PCA特征提取和距离哈希K近邻分类的人脸表情识别

使用PCA降维,提取人脸表情特征,并结合基于距离的哈希K近邻分类算法进行人脸表情识别。首先使用类Haar特征和AdaBoost算法进行人脸检测,并对人脸图像进行预处理;接着使用PCA提取人脸表情特征,并将特征加入到哈希表;最后使用K近邻分类算法进行人脸表情的识别。将特征库重构为哈希表后,很大地提高了识别效率。     

表情识别的图像预处理和特征提取方法研究

表情识别是基于视觉信息将脸部的运动或脸部特征的形变进行分类,包括三部分:脸部定位、脸部特征抽取和表情分类.本文首先使用肤色模型进行脸部定位;对提取出来的人脸进行预处理,然后通过Canny鼻子和人脸形状模型相结合的Canny-AAM方法进行特征点定位;最后利用曲线拟合的方法进行特征提取.基于上述算法建立表情识别平台,经过大样本对实时表情识别验证,结果表明对于不同光照下的实时表情识别具有鲁棒性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。