Anorectal pull-through and vector volume manometry

Anorectal manometry has been developed from an object of clinic oriented scientific interest to an established tool within the spectrum of proctologic diagnostics. At present it represents the only objective diagnostic method with regards to continence disorders; it is routinely applied in the evaluation of constipation, of incontinence, of pre- and postoperative conditions in diseases of the anorectum as well as in the indication and therapeutic control investigations during biofeedback training of the anal sphincter. The new technique of determination of the anal sphincter pressure vector volume allows for the most sensitive functional separation of patients with different degrees of continence; this method delivers a 3-dimensional graphic imaging of the sphincter pressure profile, thus allowing for an objective visualisation of the present mechanic defect and an aid in planning a surgical correction.     

The urethral closure pressure profile. A new technique using gas and simultaneous EMG-recording from the urethra

A new technique for recording of the urethral closure pressure profile using gas-inflation and simultaneous EMG-recording from the urethra is described. With the present technique, the parameters of the urethral closure pressure profile in healthy volunteers were in accordance with previous reports using water-infusion. The effect of alpha-adrenergic blockade on the pressure profile was studied in a series of patients. Half of the patients showed a marked reduction of the intraurethral pressure in the presphincteric part of the profile after alpha-adrenergic blockade. This indicated that sympathetic innervated smooth musculature gives a significant contribution to the total intraurethral pressure.     

In vivo pressure profiles of thigh-length graduated compression stockings

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess whether the appropriate pressure profile is generated by thigh-length graduated compression stockings in human subjects. The effect of leg posture on the pressure profile was assessed in three commonly used brands of graduated compression stockings. METHODS: The study involved 17 human volunteers from the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Three different brands of stockings commonly recommended for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis were applied to each individual and the interface pressure profile under the stocking was measured. The effect of posture was assessed by comparing the interface pressure profile with the subject supine and in standing and sitting positions. RESULTS: Appropriate median pressure profiles were achieved only with the subject standing or supine. In the sitting position with the knee flexed, a high median interface pressure in excess of 28 mmHg was generated at the popliteal fossa. Overall, inconsistent performance was found in all three brands of stockings; fewer than 30 per cent of the pressure readings fell within 20 per cent of the 'ideal'. Reversed pressure profile was observed in over 70 per cent of subjects. CONCLUSION: Thigh-length graduated compression stockings may be most effective in bedridden patients. Knee-length stockings may be more suitable for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in ambulant patients.     

制备工艺对碳化硼陶瓷性能的影响

以活性炭和碳化硅为烧结助剂,采用真空热压工艺,制备了碳化硼陶瓷材料.研究了真空热压工艺、烧结助剂对碳化硼陶瓷性能及断口的影响,结果表明,以活性炭和碳化硅为烧结助剂的碳化硼陶瓷随热压压力增加,开口孔隙度减小,相对密度和抗弯强度增加.添加活性炭的碳化硼陶瓷在热压压力为35MPa下,开口孔隙度有最小值(1.7%),相对密度(91.7%)和抗弯强度(277.6MPa)达最大值;以碳化硅为烧结助剂的碳化硼陶瓷在热压压力为30MPa下,开口孔隙度有最小值(0.66%),相对密度(91.9%)和抗弯强度(173.6MPa)达最大值.添加活性炭的碳化硼陶瓷随保温时间由30min增加到90min,开口孔隙度逐渐减小而相对密度逐渐增加(90min时分别达到0.19%、99.6%),抗弯强度先增加后减小,在保温时间为60min时抗弯强度达到最大值(351.7MPa).在相同的真空热压工艺下,添加活性炭的碳化硼陶瓷与添加碳化硅的碳化硼陶瓷相比,其开口孔隙度低,抗弯强度高.初步探讨了真空热压工艺以及添加剂促进碳化硼陶瓷烧结的机理.     

粉末冶金齿轮制品精度探讨

主要针对粉末冶金制造的直齿轮产品进行精度之探讨。实验结果证实,粉末变化率越大,则齿形压力角变化的程度也越大,亦即齿形压力角越来越小。因此,透过模具齿形压力角的修整,可以使得粉末冶金齿轮在制造过程中所产生的齿形误差获得相当的补偿。     

Neurocognitive deficit in fronto-temporal dementia

Meta-analytic principles were used to formulate a neurocognitive profile of fronto-temporal dementia (FTD). The neurocognitive test results from a total of 88 patients with FTD and 100 health controls were synthesized using effect size analyses. The results indicate that patients with FTD are most deficient on tests of cognitive flexibility and abstraction, followed by performance on measures of performance skill, memory acquisition, attention/concentration, delayed recall, and, finally, verbal skill. A rank-order profile of specific neurocognitive tasks and test variables in order of sensitivity of FTD is also provided to help interpret the quantitative results. On the basis of the profile, neurocognitive markers meeting heuristic benchmark criteria were identified that can aid in the differentiation of FTD from other disorders with prominent features of dementia.     

Improvement by several antioxidants of macrophage function in vitro

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on cisapride in different clinical conditions in children: different manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux, such as (excessive) regurgitation, oesophagitis, chronic respiratory disease or uncontrolled asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic dyspepsia, constipation and pseudo-obstruction, and as an aid to small bowel capsule-biopsy. It discusses, in depth, the safety profile of cisapride in paediatric patients.     

双压力角非对称齿廓齿轮接触应力的计算研究

文章提出了工作齿面采用大压力角的双压力角非对称齿廓渐开线圆柱齿轮齿面接触应力的解析计算方法,推导出了双压力角非对称齿廓渐开线圆柱齿轮工作齿面在任意啮合点上接触应力的计算公式,特别就工作齿侧齿面在节点和小齿轮单对齿啮合区下界点处的齿面接触应力进行了研究。通过与常规的对称渐开线圆柱齿轮和工作齿面采用小压力角的双压力角非对称齿廓渐开线圆柱齿轮齿面接触应力对比,论证了这种双压力角非对称齿廓渐开线圆柱齿轮能够有效地提高齿面接触强度。     

全自动制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定硅铁中硅

采用全自动制样,建立了X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)快速测定硅铁中硅的方法。通过对比X-ray专用助磨剂、进口助磨剂、微晶纤维素、硬脂酸等几种助磨剂在制作硅铁压片时的使用效果,确定使用X-ray专用助磨剂作为硅铁压片添加剂,样品与助磨剂的添加比例为9:1(质量比);全自动制样机制备硅铁压片时,样品初始粒度要求过160目筛网(孔径96 μm)、研磨时间为130 s、压力为35 t、保压时间为20 s。用上述方法可以得到结构均匀致密、外表平整光滑的硅铁压片。采用不同时期的多个生产样合并为一个管理样,与购买的硅铁标样配制校准曲线标样,校准曲线硅含量范围能够满足测定要求,并有效消除矿物效应对测定的影响。采用实验方法测定硅铁中硅,分析结果同SN/T 1014.1—2001的氟硅酸钾滴定法相吻合,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)小于0.2%。     

高炉冶炼专家系统在炉型管理中的应用

简要介绍了武钢４号高炉专家系统构成;结合在４号高炉的实际调试结果,说明了高炉专家系统在高炉炉型管理中的应用;在对该系统根据武钢实际进行恰当调整后,利用专家系统可以帮助高炉操作人员稳定高炉操作,提高高炉的技术经济指标。     

Prenatal diagnosis of microcephaly assisted by vaginal sonography and power Doppler

The study population consisted of ninety patients between the ages of 22 and 64 years. All had mild or moderate hypertension at rest and were subjected to exercise tests using a cycloergometer. The sex ratio for the patients was 0.875. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at three time points, at three minute intervals. The initial load was thirty watts for men and 25 watts for the women. A graph of changes in blood pressure with exercise was produced for each type of antihypertensive drug or combination of drugs. At least nine patients were treated with each type of drug or combination, and blood pressure and heart rate were recorded during exercise to produce the exercise blood pressure profile. Healthy adults generate curves that lie between Y'1 = 0.5X + 108.43 and Y"1 = 0.34X + 83.95 [2]. Any patient generating a curve lying between these two limits was regarded as having a normal exercise blood pressure profile. This study identified two groups of hypertension treatments with respect to exercise blood pressure profile. Abnormal exercise blood pressure profiles were obtained with treatments involving inhibition of calcium receptor activity, diuretics and central antihypertensive drugs. Normal exercise blood pressure profiles were obtained with treatments involving the inhibition of adrenoreceptor activity, alone or in conjunction with a diuretic, and with combined central antihypertensive drug and diuretic treatment.     

Twenty-four-hour blood pressure profile and blood pressure responses to head-up tilt tests in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the 24 h blood pressure profile in patients with Parkinson's disease with intact autonomic function or with autonomic failure and patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), and to assess whether these patients exhibit posture-related variations in blood pressure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 24 patients with Parkinson's disease (11 with autonomic failure) and 13 patients with MSA (all with autonomic failure). Autonomic failure was determined by autonomic tests. An oscillometric recorder was used for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Tilt-table tests were performed with a head-up tilt position of 60 degrees. RESULTS: An alteration in the normal 24 h blood pressure profile was observed in 82% of Parkinson's disease patients with autonomic failure and in 85% of those with multiple system atrophy, but not in the patients with intact autonomic function. Head-up tilt tests revealed a significantly higher supine blood pressure in Parkinson's disease patients with autonomic failure and in those with MSA than in Parkinson's disease patients with intact autonomic function. Tilting resulted in a marked fall in blood pressure in patients with MSA; in Parkinson's disease patients with autonomic failure, the fall was comparatively slighter. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that autonomic failure contributes to the alterations in the day-night blood pressure profile that may possibly be ascribed to postural dysregulation of blood pressure. We hypothesize that nocturnal hypertension is a risk factor in the development of additional cerebrovascular disease in patients with Parkinson's disease or MSA who are affected by autonomic failure.     

Risk factors of psychosis: identifying vulnerable populations premorbidly

Most patients with primarily ventilation impairment can use noninvasive alternatives to tracheostomy for long-term ventilatory support and airway secretion management. The most important and versatile method of noninvasive ventilatory support is mouthpiece intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Mouthpiece intermittent positive pressure ventilation also can be used via a Lipseal for nocturnal support. The intermittent abdominal pressure ventilator is an option for daytime aid, and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation is usually preferred for nocturnal support. Manually assisted coughing and mechanical insufflation-exsufflation can be critical for airway secretion elimination.     

HC轧机辊型曲线优化

HC轧机采用中间辊轴向窜动技术,使轧机的横向刚度显著增加,提高了板形控制能力。但由于中间辊轴向窜动后,在工作辊与中间辊、中间辊与支撑辊间形成接触压力峰值,导致轧辊局部磨损及带材表面质量问题。建立了HC轧机板形和断面形状计算模型,研究了支撑辊及工作辊辊型曲线对辊间接触压力分布的影响规律,在此基础上优化了1220HC轧机支撑辊及工作辊辊型曲线。理论计算及工业生产试验表明,在保证轧机板形控制能力前提下,在HC轧机支撑辊及工作辊上采用合适的辊型曲线,可将支撑辊与中间辊间的接触压力峰值降低20%以上,将工作辊与中间辊间的接触压力峰值降低10%以上,从而避免辊间接触压力峰值带来的轧辊局部磨损及相应的带钢表面质量问题。     

The antihypertensive profile of the angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, GR138950, and the influence of potential homeostatic compensatory mechanisms in renal hypertensive rats

The cardiovascular profile of the angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, GR138950, and the influence of potential compensatory homeostatic mechanisms on this profile, were investigated in renal artery ligated hypertensive (RALH) rats. GR138950 caused a marked reduction in blood pressure associated with immediate tachycardia in conscious RALH rats. The antihypertensive action of GR138950 appeared biphasic; an immediate fall in blood pressure, which plateaued within 1 h, and which was followed by a further slow decline that reached maximum between 5-7 h after administration. The tachycardia caused by GR138950 was attenuated by atenolol and was abolished by combined pretreatment with atenolol and atropine methyl nitrate. However, the antihypertensive profile of GR138950 was unchanged by these pretreatments. The resting blood pressure and the antihypertensive effect of GR138950, in RALH rats, were unaffected by the vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist, [beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylene propionyl(1)-O-Me-Tyr2,Arg8]-vasopressin. Thus, vasopressinergic mechanisms are not involved in either maintaining blood pressure in RALH rats, or in compensating for the fall in blood pressure caused by GR138950. In anaesthetized RALH rats, GR138950 caused a marked fall in blood pressure that was accompanied by an increase in heart rate along with sustained increases in renal and splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity. In summary, the biphasic fall in blood pressure evoked by GR138950 in RALH rats can not be explained on the basis of changes in autonomic control of the heart, alteration of vasopressin-mediated vasoconstrictor mechanisms or overall suppression of central sympathetic outflow. Rather, increased vasoconstrictor tone might serve to oppose the initial fall in blood pressure.     

轧辊非均质特性对辊型电磁调控的影响分析

 轧辊作为辊型电磁调控技术的核心构件,在加工制造时必须进行热处理,改变轧辊表层组织形态,形成轧辊表面淬硬层,引起轧辊表层和芯部材料性能差异,而这种差异会对辊型电磁调控特性产生影响。为此,利用有限元软件MSC.MARC建立了电磁 热 力耦合轴对称模型,并依托辊型电磁调控试验平台对模型精度进行校核。在此基础上,依托模型分析了表面淬硬层厚度对辊型电磁过程中辊凸度、辊型曲线、接触面平均正压力及轧辊应力分布的影响。结果表明,表面淬硬层厚度对辊凸度、辊型曲线和接触面正压力的影响较小,但对轧辊应力分布有明显影响,特别是轧辊表面淬硬层中心区域。     

Correlation of neurologic complications and pressure measurements during carotid endarterectomy

There was no significant difference between the mean occluded internal carotid artery pressure in asymptomatic, transient ischemic attack or prior stroke patients. The stump pressure was not consistently elevated at the second operation in those having undergone bilateral procedures. Estimate of back bleeding from the internal carotid artery operation did not necessarily correlate with the stump pressure. Adequate back bleeding was recorded in patients with a low stump pressure, and reduced bleeding was noted in individuals with a high stump pressure. The pressure gradient across the stenosis of the bifurcation of the carotid artery was helpful in assessing the degree of stenosis present. The occluded internal carotid artery pressure seemed to be a helpful aid in indicating those patients with poor collateral flow and, therefore, at high risk of ischemic brain damage. The use of an inlying shunt in those individuals having a low stump pressure may be expected to reduce the over-all neurologic complication rate in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.     

Profile approach to longitudinal data: Test anxiety and success–failure experience.

89 10–12 yr olds completed the Test Anxiety Scale for Children annually for 3 yrs, and the 3 measurements were transformed into average, linear, and quadratic components by using orthogonal polynomials. These components provided a developmental profile for each child and were used in a hierarchical multiple regression analysis to predict arithmetic performance under 1 of 2 treatment conditions, a mixed condition involving failure under time pressure and a success condition involving no time pressure. Developmental profile interacted with treatment to predict task performance. (5 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermodynamic analysis and Combined cycle research on recoverable pressure energy in natural gas pipeline

Current research and ways of capturing mechanical energy are discussed in this paper.By the aid of the comprehensive thermodynamic analysis and Aspen simulation tool,the amount of available work that can be produced from capturing the pressure energy has been calculated.Based on the comprehensive thermodynamic analysis,two systems have been proposed to capture pressure energy of natural gas to generate electricity.In this study,the expression of exergy is given which can be used in evaluating purposes.A problem with this multidisciplinary study is the complicated boundary condition.In conclusion,a technical prospect on recoverable natural gas pressure energy has been presented based on total energy system theory.