非均质材料的扩展无单元Galerkin法模拟

该文基于滑动Kriging插值法,提出了求解含夹杂非均匀材料问题的扩展无单元Galerkin法。该方法利用水平集函数对滑动Kriging插值形函数进行扩展,从而来反映材料交界面的几何形状和不连续位移场。相比传统的移动最小二乘法形函数,滑动Kriging插值形函数由于满足Kronecker delta函数性质,因此能准确施加位移边界条件。在含夹杂非均匀材料问题求解时,阐述了扩展无单元Galerkin法位移模式的构造以及控制方程的建立。最后通过单夹杂和多夹杂算例表明,扩展无单元Galerkin法相比扩展有限元法,计算精度更高、收敛速率更快。     

热弹性动力学耦合问题的插值型移动最小二乘无网格法研究

该文基于插值型移动最小二乘法,将无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin（MLPG）法用于二维耦合热弹性动力学问题的求解。修正的Fourier热传导方程和弹性动力控制方程通过加权余量法来离散,Heaviside分段函数作为局部弱形式的权函数,从而得到描述热耦合问题的二阶常微分方程组。然后利用微分代数方法,温度和位移作为辅助变量,将上述二阶常微分方程组转换成常微分代数系统,采用Newmark逐步积分法进行求解。该方法无需Laplace变换可直接得到温度场和位移场数值结果,同时插值型移动最小二乘法构造的形函数由于满足Kroneckerdelta特性,因此能直接施加本质边界条件。最后通过两个数值算例来验证该方法的有效性。     

无网格彼得洛夫伽辽金法在大变形问题中的应用

将无网格局部彼得洛夫伽辽金(MLPG)法推广应用于大变形问题。导出了非线性局部子域对称弱形式,通过对该弱形式进行线性化得到了用于非线性计算的MLPG格式,并对MLPG的计算速度进行了优化,使MLPG成为一种复杂度为O(N)的算法。几何非线性和几何与材料双重非线性的数值算例表明,相对有限元方法,MLPG在处理此类大变形问题时收敛性好,精度高,并能减小有限元分析中易遇到的网格畸变带来的困难。     

层合板分析的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin方法

基于Kirchhoff均匀各向异性板控制方程的等效积分弱形式和对挠度函数采用移动最小二乘近似函数进行插值, 进一步研究无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin方法在纤维增强对称层合板弯曲问题中的应用。该方法不需要任何形式的网格划分, 所有的积分都在规则形状的子域及其边界上进行,其问题的本质边界条件采用罚因子法来施加。通过数值算例和与其他方法的结果比较, 表明无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法求解层合薄板弯曲问题具有解的精度高、收敛性好等一系列优点。      

两种减少无单元法计算中数值误差的方法

基于无单元法的发展历史和基本理论,讨论了在无单元法计算中起重要作用的A矩阵的几种取值情况,及其对滑动最小二乘法模拟精度的影响,并修正了滑动最小二乘法计算过程中容易产生数值误差的地方。确定了影响A矩阵的几种极端的布点形式,说明了形函数的值与计算点坐标无关的而只与插值点与计算点的相对坐标相关的性质,并给出了数学理论上或数值上的证明。这对无单元法模拟函数滑动最小二乘法的模拟精度有重要的理论价值和实践意义。     

轴对称动力学问题的无网格自然邻接点Petrov-Galerkin法

基于无网格自然邻接点Petrov-Galerkin法,提出了复杂轴对称动力学问题求解的一条新途径。几何形状和边界条件的轴对称特点,将原来的空间问题转化为平面问题求解。计算时仅仅需要横截面上离散节点的信息,无论积分还是插值都不需要网格。自然邻接点插值构造的试函数具有Kronecker delta函数性质,因此能够直接准确地施加本质边界条件。有限元三节点三角形单元的形函数作为权函数,可以减少域积分中被积函数的阶次,提高了计算效率。数值算例结果表明,本文提出的方法对求解轴对称动力学问题是行之有效的。     

采用无单元法计算含边沿裂纹功能梯度材料板的应力强度因子

本文采用无单元法分析了功能梯度材料的断裂力学问题。无单元法采用基于滑动最小二乘近似的位移插值形式,节点布置变得非常自由。这种插值形式不仅很好地反映了材料变形,而且使得无单元法在分析功能梯度材料时可以方便地采用各个积分点处的材料特性。数值计算结果表明无单元法在分析功能梯度材料力学行为方面具有较高的效率和精度。     

结构声辐射计算的边界无网格法

研究函数有限维逼近插值形函数的一般要求,介绍采用移动最小二乘构建无网格插值形函数的方法与步骤;通过配点法将Kirchhoff-Helmholtz边界积分方程离散为受边界条件约束的线性方程组;最后通过分块矩阵法求解约束方程组,得到离散后的声辐射传输模型数值表达式。在计算实例中,分别用边界无网格法和边界元法建立声辐射传输模型进行声场计算,计算声场值与解析值相对比的结果表明,由于边界无网格法插值形函数根据求解情况自行构建,因此更灵活,具有更高的插值和计算精度。     

EMD局部积分均值增密插值改进算法及其在转子故障诊断中的应用

包络拟合是EMD(Empirical Mode Decomposition)算法的一个关键环节,针对EMD包络拟合问题,提出一种基于局部积分均值增密约束三次样条插值的EMD改进算法。该方法利用定比分点法来增密EMD样条插值型值点,利用分段约束三次样条插值来抑制传统EMD包络过冲与欠冲问题,利用内禀模态函数直接筛选方法来减少EMD计算局部均值时的样条插值次数。仿真分析验证了改进算法的有效性,将改进算法应用在转子故障振动信号的实例分析中,结果表明,改进算法提高了EMD的分解精度,更加准确地提取了油膜涡动信号的故障特征。     

弹性地基板弯曲的杂交边界点法

基于双参数Pasternak弹性地基模型,将杂交边界点法与双互易法结合,用于弹性地基板弯曲问题的分析。将地基反力与横向载荷一起作为非齐次项,利用径向基函数插值得到特解,而齐次方程的通解则使用杂交边界点法求解。该方法无论插值还是积分都不需要网格,域内点仅用来插值非齐次项,因而仍是一种边界类型的无网格方法。数值算例表明:该文方法在分析弹性地基板弯曲问题时,具有计算精度高和收敛速度快等优点。     

A local Petrov-Galerkin approach with moving Kriging interpolation for solving transient heat conduction problems

A meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin approach based on the moving Kriging interpolation (Local Kriging method; LoKriging hereafter) is employed for solving partial different equations that govern the heat flow in two- and three-dimensional spaces. The method is developed based on the moving Kriging interpolation for constructing shape functions at scattered points, and the Heaviside step function is used as a test function in each sub-domain to avoid the need for domain integral in symmetric weak form. As the shape functions possess the Kronecker delta function property, essential boundary conditions can be implemented without any difficulties. The traditional two-point difference method is selected for the time discretization scheme. For computation of 3D problems, a novel local sub-domain from the polyhedrons is used for evaluating the integrals. Several selected numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the LoKriging method.     

A simple and less-costly meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method for the dynamic fracture problem

A simple and less-costly MLPG method using the Heaviside step function as the test function in each sub-domain avoids the need for both a domain integral, except inertial force and body force integral in the attendant symmetric weak form, and a singular integral for analysis of elasto-dynamic deformations near a crack tip. The Newmark family of the methods is applied into the time integration scheme. A numerical example, namely, a rectangular plate with a central crack with plate edges parallel to the crack axis loaded in tension is solved by this method. The results show that the stresses near the crack tip agree well with those obtained from another MLPG method using the weight function of the moving least square approximation as a test function of the weighted residual method. Time histories of dynamic stress intensity factors (DSIF) for mode-I are determined form the computed stress fields.     

A modified meshless local Petrov–Galerkin method to elasticity problems in computer modeling and simulation

A modified meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method is presented for elasticity problems using the moving least squares (MLS) approximation. It is a truly meshless method because it does not need a mesh for the interpolation of the solution variables or for the integration of the energy. In this paper, a simple Heaviside test function is chosen to overcome the computationally expensive problems in the MLPG method. Essential boundary conditions are imposed by using a direct interpolation method based on the MLPG method establishes equations node by node. Numerical results in several examples show that the present method yielded very accurate solutions. And the sensitivity of the method to several parameters is also studied in this paper.     

A Kriging interpolation-based boundary face method for 3D potential problems

In this paper, a new implementation of the boundary face method (BFM) is presented and developed for solving 3D potential problems. The BFM is implemented directly based on the boundary representation data structure for geometry modeling to eliminate geometry errors. This study combines the BFM with Kriging interpolation method and the corresponding formulae are derived. The Kriging interpolation is applied instead of the traditional moving least squares (MLS) approximation to overcome the lack of Kronecker delta function property, then essential boundary conditions can be imposed directly and easily. Several numerical examples with different geometry and boundary conditions are presented to illustrate the performance of the present method. The comparisons of accuracy between MLS approximation and Kriging interpolation are studied.     

A Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Method for the Analysis of Cracks in the Isotropic Functionally Graded Material

A meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method (MLPG) [[Atluri and Zhu (1998)] for the analysis of cracks in isotropic functionally graded materials is presented. The meshless method uses the moving least squares (MLS) to approximate the field unknowns. The shape function has not the Kronecker Delta properties for the trial-function-interpolation, and a direct interpolation method is adopted to impose essential boundary conditions. The MLPG method does not involve any domain and singular integrals to generate the global effective stiffness matrix if body force is ignored; it only involves a regular boundary integral. The material properties are smooth functions of spatial coordinates and two interaction integrals [Rao and Rahman (2003a,b)] are used for the fracture analysis. Two numerical examples including both mode-I and mixed-mode problems are presented to calculated the stress intensity factors (SIFs) by the proposed method. Example problems in functionally graded materials are presented and compared with available reference solutions. A good agreement obtained show that the proposed method possesses no numerical difficulties.     

A meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method for free and forced vibration analyses for solids

 The meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method is an effective truly meshless method for solving partial differential equations using moving least squares (MLS) interpolants and local weak forms. In this paper, a MLPG formulation is proposed for free and forced vibration analyses. Local weak forms are developed using weighted residual method locally from the dynamic partial differential equation. In the free vibration analysis, the essential boundary conditions are implemented through the direct interpolation form and imposed using orthogonal transformation techniques. In the forced vibration analysis, the penalty method is used in implementation essential boundary conditions. Two different time integration methods are used and compared in the forced vibration analyses using the present MLPG method. The validity and efficiency of the present MLPG method are demonstrated through a number of examples of two-dimensional solids. Received 9 October 2000     

A radial basis function approach in the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method for Euler-Bernoulli beam problems

A meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method that uses radial basis functions rather than generalized moving least squares (GMLS) interpolations to develop the trial functions in the study of Euler-Bernoulli beam problems is presented. The use of radial basis functions (RBF) in meshless methods is demonstrated for C¹ problems for the first time. This interpolation choice yields a computationally simpler method as fewer matrix inversions and multiplications are required than when GMLS interpolations are used. Test functions are chosen as simple weight functions as in the conventional MLPG method. Patch tests, mixed boundary value problems, and problems with complex loading conditions are considered. The radial basis MLPG method yields accurate results for deflections, slopes, moments, and shear forces, and the accuracy of these results is better than that obtained using the conventional MLPG method.Lockheed Martin Space Operations     

Inverse fracture problems in piezoelectric solids by local integral equation method

The meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method is used to solve the inverse fracture problems in two-dimensional (2D) piezoelectric body. Electrical boundary conditions on the crack surfaces are not specified due to unknown dielectric permittivity of the medium inside the crack. Both stationary and transient dynamic boundary conditions are considered here. The analyzed domain is covered by small circular subdomains surrounding nodes spread randomly over the analyzed domain. A unit step function is chosen as test function in deriving the local integral equations (LIE) on the boundaries of the chosen subdomains. The Laplace-transform technique is applied to eliminate the time variation in the governing equation. The local integral equations are nonsingular and take a very simple form. The spatial variation of the Laplace transforms of displacements and electrical potential are approximated on the local boundary and in the interior of the subdomain by means of the moving least-squares (MLS) method. The singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to solve the ill-conditioned linear system of algebraic equations obtained from the LIE after MLS approximation. The Stehfest algorithm is applied for the numerical Laplace inversion to retrieve the time-dependent solutions.     

Inverse heat conduction problems by meshless local Petrov–Galerkin method

The meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method is used to solve stationary and transient heat conduction inverse problems in 2-D and 3-D axisymmetric bodies. A 3-D axisymmetric body is generated by rotating a cross section around an axis of symmetry. Axial symmetry of geometry and boundary conditions reduce the original 3-D boundary value problem to a 2-D problem. The analyzed domain is covered by small circular subdomains surrounding nodes randomly spread over the analyzed domain. A unit step function is chosen as test function in deriving the local integral equations (LIEs) on the boundaries of the chosen subdomains. The time integration schemes are formulated based on the Laplace transform technique and the time difference approach, respectively. The local integral equations are non-singular and take a very simple form. Spatial variation of the temperature and heat flux (or of their Laplace transforms) at discrete time instants are approximated on the local boundary and in the interior of the subdomain by means of the moving least-squares (MLS) method. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to solve the ill-conditioned linear system of algebraic equations obtained from the LIE after MLS approximation. The Stehfest algorithm is applied for the numerical Laplace inversion, in order to retrieve the time-dependent solutions.