烧结温度对ATO半导体颜料涂层光学性能的影响

采用共沉淀法合成了ATO半导体颜料的前驱体,前驱体经过烧结获得半导体颜料,通过XRD、EDS等手段对颜料进行表征,测试了不同烧结温度下颜料粉体电阻率,研究了烧结温度对ATO半导体颜料涂层光学性能的影响。研究结果表明,烧结温度对颜料的粉体电阻率和涂层光学性能影响明显,当烧结温度为1300℃时,制备的颜料粉体电阻率为15Ω.cm,涂层红外发射率仅为0.71。     

半导体颜料在伪装涂料中的应用研究

采用共沉淀法制备ATO和CdZnS半导体颜料,比较了制备出的半导体颜料与常见的单组分颜料涂层红外发射率大小。通过颜色混合规律将半导体颜料与着色颜料混合制备了绿色伪装涂料,制备出来的涂层具有较低的红外发射率,并且其光谱反射曲线满足美军标的光谱通道要求,具有较好的应用前景。     

CdZnS半导体颜料的制备与表征

以Cd(AC)2、Zn(AC)2、Na2S等为原料,采用共沉淀法制备CdZnS半导体颜料,详细讨论了反应温度、反应液pH值、保温熟化时间等共沉淀反应参数对CdZnS半导体颜料合成的影响,确定了CdZnS半导体颜料合成的最佳反应参数。最后采用XRD、EDS、SEM等手段对颜料结构、成分、形貌进行表征,测试了CdZnS半导体颜料的粉体电阻率。     

ATO半导体颜料在伪装涂料中的应用研究

以SnCl4、SbC13、NaOH等为原料,采用共沉淀法制备ATO半导体颜料,采用XRD、SEM、EDS对颜料结构、成分、形貌进行表征,比较了ATO半导体颜料与常见的单组分颜料涂层红外发射率大小。通过颜色混合规律将ATO半导体颜料与着色颜料混合制备了绿色伪装涂料,制备的涂层具有较低的红外发射率,并且其光谱反射曲线满足美军标的光谱通道要求,具有较好的应用前景。     

红外隐身涂料发射率影响因素研究

对金属填料、涂层固化工艺以及着色颜料等因素对涂料红外发射率的影响开展了实验研究,结果表明:随着铝粉含量增加,发射率降低;酚醛-铝粉体系最佳固化温度为60℃,固化时间为12 h;选择硫化镉为着色颜料,含量不超过2%(质量分数)可以满足可见红外兼容.     

正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4的制备及电化学性能

以Mn(CH_3COO)_2、Ni(CH_3COO)_2和CH_3COOLi为原料,采用流变相法制备正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4,对烧结温度、时间、以及配锂量等合成条件进行了优化。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和恒流充放电仪对材料的物相、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,在锂源过量5%,850℃煅烧6 h合成的材料具有最好的电化学性能,以0.1 C倍率下放电比容量为127.1 m Ah/g,50次循环后,容量保持率为95.4%。     

低红外发射率半导体颜料的制备方法与应用现状

论述了低红外发射率半导体颜料研究的必要性,介绍了低发射率半导体颜料的特性、研究进展与制备方法.建议低发射率半导体颜料的研究按以下方面进行:深入研究半导体的掺杂理论,探索半导体颜料掺杂含量对涂料红外性能的影响,不同半导体颜料的制备方法和工艺条件的选择研究,以及不同颜色体系的半导体颜料的合成等.     

粘结剂与颜料相容性对红外涂层发射率的影响研究

以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和三元乙丙橡胶接枝马来酸酐(EPDM-g-MAH)为粘结剂,并分别添加不同含量的铜粉填料,制得具有不同发射率的红外涂层,对粘结剂的红外光谱、涂层中粘结剂与颜料的界面及涂层的发射率、微观形貌等方面进行了分析。结果表明,EPDM经接枝改性后,红外透明性基本不变;XPS分析表明EPDM-g-MAH中的极性基团可与金属材料形成配位键,增强了粘结剂与金属颜料间的相容性,降低了涂层的红外发射率。并着重对其原因进行了分析。     

3种黄色颜料对太阳热反射隔热涂层性能的影响

分别以冷颜料(钛铬黄和镍钛黄)和传统颜料(铁黄)制备了太阳热反射隔热涂层,探究了颜料晶体结构和光学性能对涂层性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪、紫外/可见/近红外分光光度计、红外辐射率测量仪和精密色差仪表征了颜料和涂层的晶体结构、反射比、半球发射率和明度,采用红外灯模拟太阳热源测试了涂层的隔热性能。结果表明:与传统铁黄相比,黄色冷颜料由于晶体缺陷较少而具有更优异的反射性能。镍钛黄颜料所制涂层的隔热性能最佳。铁黄颜料晶体缺陷最多,导致其近红外反射比最低,所制涂层的隔热性能最差。3种涂层的半球发射率均在0.90以上,差别很小,具有较好的辐射散热性能。     

Al/ZnS涂层织物的红外发射性能

以片状Al粉为金属颜料,加入ZnS、Na2SiO4、羧甲基纤维素钠和不同粘合剂制备低红外发射率涂料。将涂料涂覆在铝板上,比较含4种不同粘合剂涂层的发射率,研究粘合剂对涂层红外发射率的影响。将涂料涂覆在织物上,测量涂层的表观形态,分析工艺处方、织物种类等因素对织物涂层发射率的影响。油性聚氨酯粘合剂涂层的发射率最低,随着Al和ZnS含量的增加,织物涂层发射率逐渐降低,且不同织物基质上的涂层红外发射率不同。当使用油性聚氨酯为粘合剂,铝粉质量分数为35%～40%,ZnS质量分数为2%时,涤纶织物涂层发射率为0.69。     

Effects of size, shape and floatage of Cu particles on the low infrared emissivity coatings

Low infrared emissivity coating was prepared by the copper (Cu) particles and ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM) binder. The effect of size, shape and floatage of Cu particles on infrared emissivity of the coatings was systematically investigated. The results indicated that the optimized Cu particles with the minimum coating emissivity are several micron-sized, flaky and high-leafing, exhibiting 0.78, 0.72 and 0.10 emissivity value, respectively. The formation of low infrared emissivity coatings depends strongly on the floatage of Cu particles, not the size or shape, and the results obtained by leafing aluminum (Al) and bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) pigment are in good agreement with this standpoint. A theoretical model was proposed to account for the mechanism, which indicated that the low porosity of the coatings with leafing pigments plays an important role in the formation of low emissivity coatings.     

低发射率红外隐身涂料研究进展

简介红外隐身涂料的隐身原理,重点探讨构成低发射率红外隐身涂料的颜料、黏合剂及隐身涂料红外性能的各种因素,结合国内外研究进展状况,对低发射率红外隐身涂料的后续研究提出了基本设想。     

新型水性高反射高辐射隔热涂料的制备及性能研究

在传统水性涂料配方的基础上加入高反射率的玻化微珠和超细二氧化钛组成的复合颜填料及红外辐射型复合功能填料,实现高反射和高辐射作用,制得高反射和高辐射为主,传统隔热为辅的新型水性隔热涂料,达到最佳的隔热保温效果。     

高红外发射率辐射型外墙节能涂料的研制

基于红外辐射产生机理,采用过渡区金属氧化物掺杂、高温固相烧结法制备陶瓷红外辐射材料,通过正交试验优化工艺条件,并确定配方,制得的红外辐射粉经XRD表征,生成了高红外活性的四氧二铁酸钴反尖晶石相,在26℃,8～13.5μm波段"大气窗口"的发射率大于94%。以此红外材料为功能填料,氟碳乳液为基料,辅以其他颜填料及助剂,制得了在"大气窗口"波段内发射率大于78%的外墙节能涂料,SEM测试表明漆膜表面平整紧密,其他基本性能良好。     

镍掺杂铝酸镧涂层的制备及其红外辐射性能

采用溶胶?凝胶法合成了Ni2+掺杂的LaAlO3基红外辐射材料LaAl0.6Ni0.4O2.89 (LANO),以其为辐射基料,利用喷涂工艺在氧化铝陶瓷片表面制备红外辐射涂层,考察了磷酸二氢铝、铝溶胶、硅溶胶和钠水玻璃4种粘结剂对涂层物相组成、热稳定性和红外辐射性能的影响. 结果表明,以LANO为辐射基料、铝溶胶为粘结剂时,涂层红外辐射性能最佳,3?5 ?m波段红外发射率达0.93;所制涂层具有良好的抗热震性能,50次热震后涂层未明显剥落失效;涂层具有显著的强化辐射传热效果,节能率达31.7%.     

Temperature-dependent infrared emissivity property of Ce-doped ZnO nanoparticles

The low infrared emissivity materials with good high-temperature properties remain a challenge for the infrared stealth of hot targets in 3–5 μm waveband. To further decrease the infrared emissivity of ZnO, the Ce-doped ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by a facile sol-gel method and the infrared emissivity properties in 3~5 μm waveband in high temperature conditions were deeply investigated by doping different concentration of Ce in ZnO. The influences of Ce dopant concentration on the microstructure, morphology, conductivity, lattice vibration and high-temperature infrared emissivity properties of Ce-doped ZnO were systematically studied, as well as the detailed analysis of temperature-dependent infrared emissivity properties through the conductivity and lattice vibration based on the theory of solid state physics. When the Ce dopant concentration is 3%, the infrared emissivity of Ce-doped ZnO decreases dramatically from room temperature to 800 °C in comparison with undoped ZnO and reaches the lowest value of 0.329 at 500 °C. It is indicated that the excess doping of Ce would produce an impurity phase of CeO₂ in the crystal, therefore decreases the conductivity, and causes extra lattice vibration in infrared region, and results in the increase of infrared emissivity. The infrared emissivity versus temperature exhibits a “U” type curve, which is caused by the competition effects of the conductivity and lattice vibration at elevated temperature.     

Fabrication and performances of preceramic polymer-based high-temperature High emissivity coating

High emissivity coatings on nickel-based superalloy, with good infrared radiating ability and good high temperature resistance, were prepared at room temperature, using preceramic polymer cured at room-temperature as coating former and CeO₂ and B₄C as passive high emissivity fillers. The influences of high temperature and wind channel test on the microstructure and thermal performance of the high emissivity coating were investigated in detail. The high emissivity coating has good thermal stability and no cracking and flaking after heating at 1100 K and the wind tunnel test. The emissivity of the coating reached 0.85−0.92 between room temperature and 1100 K. The high emissivity coating on the nickel-based alloy can make the back temperature of the nickel-based alloy decrease from 686 to 646 ℃.