欧卡生化酶在污水处理厂出水水质提标中的应用研究

盐仓污水处理厂建成运行至今,出水CODcr一直只能达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》二级标准(120 mg/L)。通过分析研究发现,在污水处理系统中使用欧卡生化酶,可以全面提高CODcr、BOD、SS、氨氮、TP的去除率,提高系统的抗冲击能力,确保出水CODcr达到GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中的二级标准(100 mg/L)。     

水解酸化-一体化氧化沟工艺处理食品加工废水

四川国群食品有限公司污水处理站设计规模为 30 0m3/d ,采用水解酸化 一体化氧化沟工艺 ,在进水BOD为 10 5 0mg/L ,COD为 170 0mg/L ,SS为 4 0 0mg/L ,NH3-N为 75mg/L的条件下 ,处理后出水达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978- 96 )一级标准。     

UBF—SBR工艺处理果汁生产废水工程设计与运行分析

采用UBF—SBR工艺处理果汁生产废水,调试运行结果表明:在工程进水CODCr、BOD5、SS分别为5 033 mg/L、3 121 mg/L、315 mg/L时,对应出水分别为77 mg/L、15 mg/L、45 mg/L,去除率分别可达到98.5%、99.5%、85.7%。出水水质稳定并达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)一级排放标准。     

EGSB—自养脱氮技术处理高浓度淀粉废水工程实践

淀粉生产废水含有高浓度有机氮,选用调节池—中间水池—EGSB反应器—自养脱氮池—二沉池—混凝沉淀池处理工艺,在进水COD≤8 000 mg/L、TN≤400 mg/L的情况下,处理出水COD＜60 mg/L,NH3—N＜10 mg/L,去除率分别可达98.9％和96.9％以上,该系统具有运行稳定,处理效果好的特点,出水水质可达《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级排放标准,产生的沼气可作辅助燃料加热废水,具有良好的环境效益和经济效益.     

印染废水处理及回用实例

某集团印染废水处理采用水解酸化-接触氧化-双膜系统(连续微滤 反渗透),工程运行结果表明:进水CODCr为450～900 mg/L,BOD5为180～350 mg/L、SS为170～340 mg/L,其生化出水CODCr为74～110 mg/L,平均为90 mg/L,BOD5＜20 mg/L,SS＜10 mg/L,优于《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)的二级标准;双膜系统(连续微滤 反渗透)出水优于企业染整软水标准,可作为企业染整用水.处理过程不产生固废,实现了废水的零排放.     

天津市空港经济区污水处理工程设计

天津空港经济区污水处理工程二期扩建规模6万m~3/d,污水处理厂采用改良A~2/O+高效沉淀池+转盘滤池工艺,满足污水处理厂的稳定运行和达标排放。自运行以来,出水COD50mg/L,BOD_510mg/L,SS6mg/L,NH_3-N5mg/L,TN15mg/L,TP0.5mg/L,运行效果良好,稳定性高,出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准。     

酸化-序列活性污泥法处理TMP生产废水

磺胺增效剂车间废水与其他药品生产废水混合,采用“混合废水脱氰-生物酸化-序列式间隙活性污泥生化系统”处理,原废水COD1800～2200mg/L,CN~-5～10mg/L,肼5～15mg/L;处理水COD129mg/L,CN~-0.01mg/L,肼0.02mg/L.全系统HPT和生化曝气时间分别比传统生化系统减少10h和8h.系统处理出水无需化学混凝即可达到排放标准.     

ABR—AB组合工艺处理屠宰废水工程实践

某屠宰厂屠宰废水COD高达3 000mg/L,NH3—N高达400mg/L,选用ABR—AB组合工艺进行处理,在进水COD为2 278mg/L,NH3—N为400mg/L情况下,ABR工艺段出水COD为495mg/L,去除率为78.27%,AB工艺段出水COD为88mg/L,去除率为82.22%,NH3—N为8.27mg/L,去除率97.95%,该系统具有运行稳定,处理效果好的特点,出水水质最终能够达到《肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 13457—92)一级标准。     

温度对强化混凝-悬浮填料床生物氧化工艺运行的影响

利用中试装置分别研究了冬季低温(7～15 ℃)、水温回升(14～22 ℃)和较高水温(27～32 ℃)等条件下的工艺运行效果.结果表明当生物段HRT为3.3～6 h、预处理PAC投加剂量30 mg/L、填料投配率30%的条件下,温度对CODCr、SS、TP的处理效果影响很小,对生物硝化和反硝化的影响较大.当水温为7～13 ℃时,出水NH3-N平均在7.84 mg/L,TN的去除率只有18.4%;而水温20 ℃以上,出水NH3-N浓度＜1 mg/L;TN的去除率达到50%.低温时污水经过组合工艺处理后,出水的氮、磷仍能达到＜城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准＞(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准.     

H_2O_2与沸石联用处理污水厂二级出水的研究

为探寻污水厂二级出水深度处理方法,以阜新市某污水处理公司二级出水为研究对象,进行H2O2与沸石联用去除水中COD、氨氮的研究。结果表明：在二氧化锰的催化作用下,pH值为7时,H2O2和沸石的投加量分别为1.5mL和2g,二级出水的COD从138.24mg/L降到52.76mg/L,去除率达到75.36%,NH3-N从20mg/L降到5mg/L,去除率为74.59%,出水有机物和氨氮含量达到国家相关出水标准。     

Removal of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and its chlorination by-products from water and wastewater using non-imprinted polymer (NIP) particles

Endocrine disrupting compounds and their chlorination by-products are two classes of emerging contaminants. Surface water and wastewater treatment technologies have limitations in removing these contaminants. This study evaluated the ability of non-imprinted polymer particles (NIP) to remove the endocrine disruptor 17beta-estradiol (E2) and its chlorination by-products from water and wastewater. NIP effectively removed 98% of 10 mg/L E2 from wastewater. NIP were also effective in removing chlorination by-products of E2 by 84.9% after 10 mg/L E2 in water was chlorinated at 5 mg/L. In the presence of 5 mg/L humic acid, NIP were able to achieve removal of 10 mg/L E2 by greater than 99.9%. Furthermore, after chlorination of 10 mg/L E2 and 5 mg/L humic acid at 10 mg/L chlorine, NIP were also able to remove the chlorination by-products formed as well as the remaining E2 by greater than 99.9%. The presence of 5 mg/L humic acid did not adversely affect the adsorption efficiency. The results of this research indicate that NIPs have good potential as a final treatment step for surface water and wastewater treatment.     

生物滤池串联工艺处理西洋河淀粉废水

为减少西洋河淀粉废水中大量N、P、CODCr进入洋河水库,加剧水库的富营养化,进行了 生物滤池串联工艺处理西洋河淀粉废水的研究。结果表明:系统对淀粉废水中的氨氮、总氮、总磷、 可溶性总磷、正磷酸盐、CODCr均具有较好的去除效果,去除率可分别达到57．7％、58．7％、66．8％、 65．7％、67．4％、75．2％,且对进水浓度变化具有一定的适应性。     

Electrochemical oxidation of ammonia-containing wastewater using Ti/RuO2-Pt electrode

The electrochemical oxidation degradation processes for artificial and actual wastewater containing ammonia were carried out with a Ti/RuO2-Pt anode and a Ti plate cathode. We studied the effects of different current densities, space sizes between the two electrodes, and amounts of added NaCl on ammonia-containing wastewater treatment. It was shown that, after a 30-min treatment under the optimal conditions, which were a current density of 20 Ma/cm2, a space size between the two electrodes of 1 cm, and an added amount of 0.5 g/L of NaCl, the COD concentration in municipal wastewater was 40 mg/L, a removal rate of 90%; and the NH3-N concentration was 7 mg/L, a removal rate of 88.3%. The effluent of municipal wastewater qualified for Class A of the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002).     

The possibility of using encapsulated nitrifiers for treatment of reject water coming from anaerobic digestion

Large wastewater treatment plants have to deal not only with the influent wastewater, but also with the highly concentrated reject water coming from anaerobic digestion. The aim of this work was to verify the suitability of using encapsulated nitrifiers in polyvinyl alcohol carrier (so called Lentikats Biocatalyst) at temperatures between 5 and 30 °C. For laboratory nitrification batch tests synthetic wastewater with ammonia nitrogen (Namon) concentration 10-800 mg L(-1) was used. The system has been proved to operate at the temperature of 10 °C, but not at 5 °C. It was found that the highest specific nitrification rates were observed at 30 °C and with ammonia nitrogen concentrations above 250 mg L(-1), which means that separate treatment of reject water by using encapsulated biomass seems to be an effective tool for wastewater treatment plant optimization.     

化学除磷-水解酸化-厌氧接触-接触氧化工艺处理榨菜废水

榨菜废水的高含盐量和高氮磷对微生物有较强的抑制作用,处理难度大.以处理规模400 m3/d的重庆某榨菜厂废水处理工程为例,其进水COD 3 000～4 000 mg/L,BOD5 1445 mg/L,盐度1.5％～2.5％(以NaCl计),氨氮80～120 mg/L,总磷25～30 mg/L.通过驯化耐盐微生物为主体菌种,采用化学除磷-水解酸化-厌氧接触-接触氧化工艺进行处理,出水COD、BOD5、氨氮、总磷以及盐度平均分别为70.5 mg/L、14.9 mg/L、9.4 mg/L、0.46 mg/L以及1.53％,可以达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)一级标准.     

处理汽水类饮料废水的水解酸化+SBR工艺

介绍了水解酸化+SBR处理汽水类饮料废水的工艺设计和运行效果。指出该工艺具有处理效果好、低能耗、易管理等特点,在进水ρ(CODCr)为2 000~4 000mg/L,ρ(BOD5)为1 000~2 000mg/L的条件下,经过该工艺处理,平均出水ρ(CODCr)保持在130 mg/L以下,ρ(BOD5)保持在25 mg/L以下,出水水质达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》的Ⅱ级标准。     

深度处理维生素制药废水的中试研究

维生素制药废水经过初步生化处理后,出水水质无法满足要求,具有难降解、COD和氨氮浓度高的特点,针对这些特点,本文采用"强化复合曝气水解酸化→高效厌氧复合反应→流离生物接触氧化"连续工艺深度处理维生素制药废水,研究其可行性。处理规模为7.2 m3/d的中型试验结果表明:强化复合曝气水解酸化能使进水B/C值由0.33提高到0.48,提高下一步生化反应的处理效率,当进水CODCr的浓度为150～641 mg/L,氨氮浓度为6～115 mg/L时,平均去除率分别达到84.28%、93.8%,出水COD浓度小于50mg/L,氨氮浓度小于5 mg/L,出水水质能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》GB18918-2002中的一级A指标,该连续工艺深度处理此类废水具有可行性和稳定性。     

Aerobic biological treatment of thermophilically digested sludge

Aerobic biological treatment of digested sludge was studied in a continuously operated laboratory set-up. An aerated reactor was filled with thermophilically digested sludge from the Moscow wastewater treatment plant and inoculated with special activated sludge. It was then operated at the chemostat mode at different flow rates. Processes of nitrification and denitrification, as well as dephosphatation, occurred simultaneously during biological aerobic treatment of thermophilically digested sludge. Under optimal conditions, organic matter degradation was 9.6%, the concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and phosphate decreased by 89 and 83%, respectively, while COD decreased by 12%. Dewaterability of digested sludge improved significantly. The processes were found to depend on hydraulic retention time, oxygen regime, and temperature. The optimal conditions were as follows: hydraulic retention time 3-4 days, temperature 30-35 degrees C, dissolved oxygen levels 0.2-0.5 mg/L at continuous aeration or 0.7-1 mg/L at intermittent aeration. Based on these findings, we propose a new combined technology of wastewater sludge treatment. The technology combines two stages: anaerobic digestion followed by aerobic biological treatment of digested sludge. The proposed technology makes it possible to degrade the sludge with conversion of approximately 45% volatile suspended solids to biogas, to improve nitrogen and phosphorus removal in reject water from sludge treatment units, and to achieve removal of malodorous substances after 8-9 days of anaerobic-aerobic sludge treatment.     

Organic and detergent degradation in combined O3/UF for domestic laundry wastewater reclamation.

This paper focuses on the evaluation of organic and detergent degradation in a combined Ozone/UF system for domestic laundry wastewater reclamation. Formation of by-product was investigated by GC/MS for the reclaimed water. Ozone was injected into the raw wastewater in a 10 L contact tank and the wastewater was circulated through the membrane module for inner pressurized cross-flow filtration. The concentrate was returned back to the contact tank. The membrane used in this experiment was hollow fiber polysulfone UF membrane with MWCO 10,000. It has an effective filtration area of 0.06 m2. The experiment was carried out with intermittent ozone injection, 5 min injection and 10 min idling. Ozone was dosed at the concentration of 1.5 mg/L. The flux of the UF could be maintained at 0.24 m/d under filtration pressure 40-45 kPa and water temperature, 20-22 degrees C. The organic removal efficiency by the system was 90% in terms of COD. Ozone was considerably effective to degrade organics in the wastewater. Molecular weight of organics in the raw waste was mostly greater than 10,000 (72% of 950 mgCOD/L). However 86% of effluent COD (94-100 mg/L) was composed of organics smaller than MWCO 500 by ozone injection. No harmful by-products by ozone contact were detected from the analysis of treated water using GC/MS. It was identified that residual organics in the treated water were 1,1'-Oxybisbenzene, Octadecanoic acid, Squalene and Benzenmethanol, etc., which were additives contained originally in the detergent. Consequently the reclaimed water quality could be estimated safe enough to recycle for the rinsing cycle in a washing machine.     

Effect of recirculation on organic matter removal in a hybrid constructed wetland system

This research project aimed to determine the technologically feasible and applicable wastewater treatment systems which will be constructed to solve environmental problems caused by small communities in Turkey. Pilot-scale treatment of a small community's wastewater was performed over a period of more than 2 years in order to show applicability of these systems. The present study involves removal of organic matter and suspended solids in serially operated horizontal (HFCW) and vertical (VFCW) sub-surface flow constructed wetlands. The pilot-scale wetland was constructed downstream of anaerobic reactors at the campus of TUBITAK-MRC. Anaerobically pretreated wastewater was introduced into this hybrid two-stage sub-surface flow wetland system (TSCW). Wastewater was first introduced into the horizontal sub-surface flow system and then the vertical flow system before being discharged. Recirculation of the effluent was tested in the system. When the recirculation ratio was 100%, average removal efficiencies for TSCW were 91 +/- 4% for COD, 83 +/- 10% for BOD and 96 +/- 3% for suspended solids with average effluent concentrations of 9 +/- 5 mg/L COD, 6 +/- 3 mg/L BOD and 1 mg/L for suspended solids. Comparing non-recirculation and recirculation periods, the lowest effluent concentrations were obtained with a 100% recirculation ratio. The effluent concentrations met the Turkish regulations for discharge limits of COD, BOD and TSS in each case. The study showed that a hybrid constructed wetland system with recirculation is a very effective method of obtaining very low effluent organic matter and suspended solids concentrations downstream of anaerobic pretreatment of domestic wastewaters in small communities.