SAR图像相干斑抑制和特征增强的自适应正则化变分方法

研究合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像的相干斑抑制和特征增强问题.传统的SAR图像相干斑抑制方法通常会导致边缘和目标的模糊,针对该问题,本文基于SAR图像的先验信息和处理理念,通过合理构造扩散系数和正则化参数,提出了一种新的更适合SAR图像相干斑抑制和特征增强的自适应正则化变分方法.理论分析和实验结果表明,该方法不仅能有效地抑制相干斑,而且还能有效保护并增强图像的目标和边缘特征.     

一种基于非线性扩散方程的SAR图像相干斑抑制方法

研究合成孔径雷达(Synthetic aperture radar,SAR)图像的相干斑抑制问题.传统的相干斑抑制方法通常会导致图像中边缘和目标的模糊.针对该问题,分析了基于非线性扩散方程的相干斑抑制方法,该方法的关键在于扩散系数的构造.通过分析SAR图像的先验信息和SAR图像不同特征区域的不同处理要求,提出了一种新的更适合SAR图像相干斑抑制的扩散系数构造方法.实验结果表明,新方法相对现有方法具有更好的相干斑抑制能力和目标边缘特征增强能力,等效视数和边缘清晰度均提高了3倍左右.     

基于边缘特征的SAR图像目标检测方法

如何快速而准确地检测出SAR图像中的目标是一个极富挑战性的课题.利用图像边缘特征和模糊集理论设计了一种快速有效的SAR图像目标检测算法.该算法先利用模糊软阈值小波降噪方法去除相干斑噪声,然后用模糊边缘检测器检测出降噪图像的边缘,最后利用形态学操作算子提取出边缘图中的目标区域.与基于亮度特征以及基于纹理特征的检测算法相比,提出的检测算法能够快速、准确地检测出目标,而且产生的虚警数量较少.SAR实测数据的实验结果表明,提出的算法是有效的且具有很好的应用前景.     

基于Canny-ROA算子和Hough变换的SAR图像道路检测

提出了一种高分辨率SAR图像的道路提取算法。首先对SAR图像进行FROST滤波,去除相干斑噪声,再融合Canny算子和ROA算子提取边缘点,并对图像边沿的信息进行补偿,然后使用平行线滤波滤除相关地物对道路检测的影响,最后利用Hough变换提取线特征,并对断裂的直线进行连接。实验结果表明,该方法能有效滤除护栏等地物的影响,对直线道路具有良好的检测效果。     

一种改进的基于各向异性微分的SAR图像增强方法

合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像经过相干斑抑制后,图像中目标边缘会出现模糊。针对这一问题,提出了一种改进的基于各向异性微分的SAR图像增强方法。该方法在梯度方向和与梯度垂直方向构造了两个扩散系数分布函数。在非目标边缘区域,各方向扩散程度不同,对相干斑噪声具有较好的抑制效果;在目标边缘区域,梯度方向不做平滑,以保护和增强边缘,而在垂直于梯度方向有较大的平滑,突出边缘轮廓。实验结果表明,该方法具有很好的相干斑抑制能力和边缘增强能力。     

基于正则化变分模型的SAR图像增强方法

讨论合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的噪声抑制与分辨率增强问题.建立偏微分方程抑噪方法与正则化点增强方法相结合的正则化变分模型,该模型同时具有偏微分方程模型的抑噪优势和正则化模型的分辨率增强优势.在图像的背景区域采用偏微分方程模型进行噪声抑制,而在图像的目标区域,先采用后向扩散方程进行锐化,然后再采用正则化模型进行分辨率增强,使整幅图像的处理结果均得到优化.此外,在偏微分方程抑噪模型的构造上,结合SAR成像的工程背景,提出了基于SAR图像幅度信息的前向-后向扩散方程,使方程能有效抑制图像背景区域的噪声并锐化目标边缘.大量的试验结果表明该方法能有效增强目标的强散射点,显著抑制噪杂波区的噪声.     

一种新的各向异性扩散SAR相干斑抑制算法

该文提出了一种基于各向异性扩散偏微分方程以及鲁棒估计的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像的相干斑噪声的算法.该算法利用SAR图像局部特性和鲁棒估计,建立了一种新的扩散系数,对均匀区域进行各向同性扩散,对边缘细节区域进行各向异性扩散,不仅可以有效抑制SAR图像的相干斑噪声,较好地保持边缘细节,而且处理所得的图像结果有着良好的视觉效果.     

一种改进的SAR图像去噪方法

在SAR成像过程中,由于散射的存在,SAR图像不可避免地会受到相干斑噪声的影响。为此,已经有了多种去除相干斑的方法。不过,增强型的Lee滤波在划分区域时没有考虑边缘的方向性。因此,针对增强型的Lee滤波检测边缘不具有方向性,在增强的Lee滤波算法的基础上,引入了Ratio边缘检测算子,将二者相结合,提出了一种改进的Lee滤波去噪方法。通过仿真实验,结果表明相对于一些传统的SAR图像滤波算法,此方法不仅具有良好的滤波效果,而且具备更好的边缘保持能力。     

一种基于小波SAR图像斑噪声抑制的改进算法

基于小波变换的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像斑噪声抑制算法,能很好的减小相干斑噪声对SAR图像的影响.但该算法在平滑噪声的同时,往往也会使图像的边缘变得模糊,降低了SAR图像的分辨率.比例边缘检测算法能较完整和准确的检测出SAR图像的边缘.我们试图提出一种改进算法,结合小波方法和比例边缘检测两种算法的优点.利用比例边缘检测提取出SAR图像的边缘图,用小波的方法对去边缘的图像进行去斑噪声处理,再把边缘图叠加到去噪后的图像上.试验证明这种算法能够在去除SAR斑噪声的同时,较好的保持SAR图像边缘.     

一种用各向异性扩散方程抑制SAR相干斑噪声的方法

本文提出了一种基于各向异性扩散偏微分方程抑制合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像的相干斑噪声的算法,简称DSADE算法。本算法根据SAR图像的局部特征在均匀区域各向同性扩散,边缘细节区域各向异性扩散,不仅可以很好地保持边缘细节信息,而且可以对其进行增强。实验结果表明,本算法不仅有效抑制了SAR图像的相干斑噪声,保持并增强了边缘细节,而且有着良好的图像视觉效果。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first