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1.
水分活度降低剂在虾干加工中的应用研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在单因素试验的基础上,采用L9(3^4)正交优化试验,研究了不同水分活度降低剂在虾干加工中的应用。结果表明:单因素试验表明,水分活度降低剂都不同程度地降低对虾干的Aw值,其能力大小为复合磷酸盐〉柠檬酸〉丙三醇〉1.2-丙二醇〉乙醇。优化试验表明,复合水分活度降低剂比单一水分活度降低剂降低Am的能力强,主次顺序为复合磷酸盐〉1,2.丙二醇〉丙三醇〉乙醇;最佳组合为复合磷酸盐0.2%、1,2.丙二醇0.5%、丙三醇1.0%、乙醇1.0%,此时Am值为0.759。保藏试验表明,Am值在0.833以下时,保质期可达90d以上。此外添加低剂量水分活度降低剂对虾干色泽、质地、组织结构和风味基本无影响。  相似文献   

2.
冰鲜法对黄鳍金枪鱼片品质的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
刘源  王锡昌  罗殷 《食品科学》2010,31(2):273-276
取斐济岛黄鳍金枪鱼背部肌肉,模拟寿司店保存生鱼片的方法,定时观察鱼片物理(色泽、失重率)、生化(pH 值、TVB-N 值、鲜度指标K 值)、感官及微生物等各项指标的变化。结果表明,冰鲜法能在0~4h 内较好地保持黄鳍金枪鱼片的品质。0~1h 内色泽鲜红、气味芳香、滋味鲜美,处于理想的食用状态,1~4h 内色泽由亮变暗,鱼香味和鲜味随汁液流失,品质逐步下降。超过4h 金枪鱼不再新鲜,失去固有的口感、色泽,不具备商业价值。  相似文献   

3.
以黑鳍金枪鱼为对象,研究4 ℃条件下气调包装对其K值、pH值与感官品质的影响。结果表明:当气调包装的气体比例为CO2∶N2=60∶40(V/V)时,黑鳍金枪鱼保鲜时间最久,可达到96 h,且不会发生明显酸化;在冷藏条件下,K值可以从滋味、气味的角度很好地反映黑鳍金枪鱼的感官品质。  相似文献   

4.
分析了5种油脂在65~105℃下加速氧化过程中过氧化值的变化,进行了脂质氧化诱导期分析及货架期预测。结果表明:温度及脂肪酸组成对油脂的氧化稳定性有重要影响,亚麻籽油具有最高的过氧化值初始值,且增加较快,活化能最小,氧化稳定性最弱;整体而言,初始氧化阶段,5种油样的活化能介于63.83~93.87 k J/mol之间;随饱和脂肪酸含量及MUFA/PUFA值的增大,油样过氧化值的变化趋缓,诱导期延长,氧化速率常数减小,活化能增大,氧化稳定性提高,货架期延长;加速氧化阶段的氧化速率常数显著增大,而活化能相对降低(花生油除外);随温度升高,过氧化值变化加剧,氧化诱导时间缩短,氧化速率常数增大,货架期缩短;经验证实测货架期与预测值间具有较好的相符性,说明基于油脂过氧化值的脂质氧化诱导期分析可有效预测货架期。  相似文献   

5.
分析了臭氧水对牡蛎细菌菌相及5℃条件下冷贮货架期的影响。结果表明,在臭氧水的作用下,牡蛎体内的初始细菌总数由3.2×103降至1.75×102,货架期由235h延长至283h。采用SHEWAN等提出的海产鱼贝类细菌测定图示对臭氧水处理前后牡蛎体内的菌相变化情况进行了分析,发现臭氧水对牡蛎体内各属细菌的杀灭作用是不同的。通过分析货架期终点时的菌相,发现对照组与臭氧组在腐败初期时的优势菌都是假单胞菌Ⅰ/Ⅱ群(PseudomonasⅠ/Ⅱsp)。  相似文献   

6.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Electrolysed oxidizing (EO) water is produced by passing a DC current through a weak sodium chloride solution, resulting in alkaline and acidic EO water. The goal of this research was to determine whether EO water could be used as an acceptable cleaning and disinfecting agent for materials used in pipeline milking systems. Small pieces of materials commonly used in milking systems were soiled using raw milk inoculated with a cocktail of four bacterial cultures similar to those commonly found in raw milk, and then cleaned by soaking in alkaline EO water followed by soaking in acidic EO water at various treatment times and temperatures. Effective treatment time and temperature combinations were determined by response surface design for a temperature range of 25–60°C and a time range of 5–20 min. Treated materials were evaluated by aerobic plate counts and ATP bioluminescence to assess the disinfecting and cleaning effectiveness of EO water. Most of the treatments at 60°C and several treatments at lower temperatures successfully removed all detectable bacteria and ATP. Overall, the results of this study indicated that EO water has the potential to be used as a cleaning and disinfecting agent for materials used in milking systems.  相似文献   

7.
    
The bactericidal effect of electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water was evaluated on Escherichia coli O157:H7‐inoculated and Salmonella‐inoculated shrimp. The shrimp were inoculated on day 0 and stored frozen at ‐20°C. Bacterial enumeration was done on days 0, 24, 49, and 119 of frozen storage. Acidic EO water at 40 ppm free available chlorine was as effective as aqueous chlorine of the same concentration and was significantly more effective (P < 0.05) than tap water in reducing pathogen load on the inoculated shrimp. Further reduction of pathogen numbers was observed after each frozen storage period. Prewashing with alkaline EO water did not enhance the bactericidal activity of the acidic EO water on the shrimp. The washed acidic EO water of the inoculated shrimp had a nondetectable bacterial population compared with treated aqueous chlorine, alkaline EO water, and tap water. Non‐inoculated shrimp subjected to similar treatments were served cooked or uncooked to a minimum of 10 experienced panelists for sensory evaluation on days 0, 24, 49, and 119 of frozen storage. The cooked shrimp were evaluated for the presence of off‐odor, juiciness, tenderness, shrimpy flavor, aftertaste, and overall acceptability; whereas the raw shrimp were evaluated for color, firmness, presence of off‐odors, melanosis, and overall acceptability. Raw shrimp thawed from each frozen storage period were stored at refrigeration temperature (4 °C) for 3 d to observe for melanosis. No difference of sensory attributes was detected among the various treatment groups. Therefore, acidic EO water can be used as an effective disinfectant to replace aqueous chlorine for thawing shrimp blocks.  相似文献   

8.
研究选取了面条、饺子皮等两种在我国较为常见且消费量较大的生湿面制品,并模拟现在市场上生湿面制品的物流和销售环境,进行了生湿面制品中丙二醇添加量对其货架期水分含量变化规律研究。研究采用了0%、0.15%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%8个丙二醇浓度序列,作为实验的变化因素,检测了饺子皮样品和面条样品在两种不同环境下的水分含量,并研究了其变化规律。研究结果表明,无论是湿面条还是饺子皮样品,未添加丙二醇的空白样品水分含量下降速率最快,随着丙二醇添加量的增加,样品水分含量下降速率减慢,丙二醇添加量在2%以上能够显著延缓样品中的水分下降速率,水分保持作用较为显著,而添加2%丙二醇时水分保持效果最佳。   相似文献   

9.
基于电子鼻分析鱼油储藏过程中酸败程度的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
鱼油的酸败往往伴随着气味的变化,利用电子鼻对储藏过程中金枪鱼油的挥发性气味进行研究,每5 d测定1次,运用主成分分析(PCA)、线性判别分析(LDA)区分不同储藏时间的鱼油样品,并通过偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立酸价、过氧化值的预测模型。结果表明:随着储藏时间的延长,金枪鱼油整体气味呈增加趋势,这种气味变化趋势与酸价、过氧化值的变化趋势基本一致;不同储藏时间的金枪鱼油样品可以区分开来,LDA分析方法明显优于PCA分析方法;利用PLS偏最小二乘法(PLS)预测金枪鱼油酸价和过氧化值,得到线性模拟方程,验证试验表明,酸价、过氧化值预测值与实测值的平均相对偏差分别为10.60%、12.04%,准确性较好,可作为酸价、过氧化值预测的辅助手段。  相似文献   

10.
应用ASLT法预测软面包的货架期   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
简要介绍食品储存期加速测试法,并采用该方法对某品牌软面包的货架期进行预测。通过检测食品的感官、理化和微生物指标,得到了47℃下的食品货架期为2d,37℃下的食品货架期为6d,由以上数据最后得到20℃下的软面包商业货架期为24d~39d。  相似文献   

11.
Fresh samples of whole and gutted anchovies were blast frozen at −35°C and stored at −18°C. The quality of the samples was examined as organoleptic, microbiological and chemical changes during the storage period. Gutting had no significant effect on the quality of the final product. Sensory quality was good for up to 90 days of storage. No increase in microbial activity was detected, but some oxidative and hydrolytic deterioration of fats were observed. The final product was still edible after 180 days.  相似文献   

12.
The MicroFoss method was evaluated for its effectiveness as an indicator of fluid milk shelf life. Half-gallon, 2% fat fluid milk samples (n = 90) were obtained from a milk processing plant on 3 occasions postpasteurization and evaluated for shelf life. Sensory evaluation was performed by 3 judges experienced in the use of the American Dairy Science Association scorecard for milk. A score of 5 or less was considered to represent the end of the shelf life of the product. MicroFoss coupled with preliminary incubation (PI) was utilized to estimate the total viable (TVC) and gram-negative counts (GN) in the milk. The MicroFoss functions by using a pH indicator or CO2 production to detect changes in light reflection to estimate bacterial populations. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were utilized to determine the relationship between MicroFoss (PI-GN and PI-TVC detection times) and product shelf life. It was concluded that using both PI-GN and PI-TVC in a combined algorithm is the optimal way of using MicroFoss as a shelf-life indicator. When PI-TVC was selected in the algorithm, a correlation coefficient of 0.89 existed between PI-TVC and shelf life; PI-GN was used in the algorithm in the place of PI-TVC when its detection time was within 6 h of the detection time of PI-TVC vials. The PI-GN detection times correlated well (r = 0.80) with shelf life, but more importantly, all but one PI-GN sample (n = 50) selected in the algorithm had a shelf life of less than 10 d. This indicates that the PI-GN measurement can be utilized along with PI-TVC detection time to indicate potential shelf-life problems.  相似文献   

13.
《食品工业科技》2013,(04):335-340
为了研究草莓果实成熟度、贮藏温度与果实品质之间的关系,找到最佳的果实采摘成熟度和贮藏温度,考察了草莓果实的三种成熟度(1/2、3/4、全熟),在三个温度梯度(3、10、15℃)下贮藏9d,果实的货架品质(腐烂指数、失重率)、质构(硬度)、风味(可溶性固形物、可滴定酸)、营养价值(花青素、多酚、类黄酮物质)四个品质指标的变化情况。结果表明,贮藏9d后,1/2熟草莓果实具有较好的货架品质和质构,成熟度较高的草莓(3/4熟、全熟)具有较好的风味指标,果实成熟度和贮藏温度影响果实的货架品质、质构、风味及营养物质的含量。综合所述结果,在保证货架期和营养价值的情况下,草莓最佳采摘成熟度为3/4熟,采后贮藏温度为3℃。   相似文献   

14.
Extensive investigations, worldwide, in the last 4 decades have shown the benefits of radiation processing for the preservation and microbial quality improvement of seafoods. In the present review, the various factors determining the quality of seafoods are first presented. The basic principles underlying the effects of ionizing radiation and specific effects on food constituents such as proteins, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and tissue enzymes are discussed. Data on radiation processing of seafoods are reported and discussed with respect to shelf life enhancement under refrigeration by control of bacteria causing spoilage, radiation sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites of public health significance and their elimination in fresh and frozen fishery products, control of insect disinfestation in dried fishery products, influence of irradiation on nutritional and sensory quality attributes, detection of irradiation treatment, economics, and international status.  相似文献   

15.
研究了脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚对#8美废的脱墨效果。结果表明,起始剂脂肪醇的碳链长度和环氧乙烷(EO)加成数均对其脱墨性能有重要影响,而尤以前者影响较大。HLB值相同或相似而分子结构不同的脂肪醇浆氧乙烯醚的脱墨效果差异很大。实验确定了脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚用于美废新闻纸脱墨时的最佳分子结构。  相似文献   

16.
目的 建立高效液相色谱法检测金枪鱼产品中8种常见生物胺的含量。方法 样品经酸介质提取, 丹磺酰氯衍生, 0.22 μm有机膜过滤后, 采用CAPCELL Pak C18 MGⅡ色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), 以甲醇-超纯水为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 流速0.8 mL/min, 柱温为室温。生物胺各组分以外标法进行定量。结果 采用0.4 mol/L高氯酸提取样品3次, 可以获得最优的生物胺提取效果。生物胺各组分浓度为0.17~2.25 mg/kg范围呈良好的线性关系(r>0.999), 平均加标回收率为86.6%~115.9%, 相对标准偏差为1.5%~13.7%。?80 ℃金枪鱼刺身的总生物胺含量低于10 mg/kg, 冰鲜金枪鱼刺身的总生物胺含量要高于?80 ℃金枪鱼刺身, 但低于 100 mg/kg; 金枪鱼罐头主要含有组胺、尸胺、腐胺和酪胺, 总生物胺含量范围为106.63~357.09 mg/kg; 金枪鱼松的总生物胺含量范围为111.20~751.54 mg/kg; 部分金枪鱼罐头和金枪鱼松的组胺含量超过50 mg/kg。 结论 建立的高效液相色谱法可以准确测定金枪鱼产品中的8种常见生物胺含量, 本文测定的金枪鱼刺身产品中生物胺含量较低, 不存在安全隐患, 部分金枪鱼罐头和金枪鱼松的生物胺(尤其是组胺)含量较高, 有出口退回风险, 应引起足够重视。  相似文献   

17.
以香菇牛肉酱为对象,分析不同贮藏温度下香菇牛肉酱的感官品质、酸价和过氧化值的变化规律,在Arrhenius动力学方程的基础上,建立感官品质、酸价和过氧化值与贮藏温度之间的动力学模型。结果表明:随着贮藏时间的延长,香菇牛肉酱的感官品质逐渐下降,酸价和过氧化值逐渐上升。将酸价作为指标,建立动力学模型可预测香菇牛肉酱的货架期,模型的活化能(E_a)和回归系数(K_0)分别为23 627.556 6 J/mol和48.623 2。经验证,此动力学模型可快速预测贮藏温度在25℃和35℃贮藏条件下香菇牛肉酱的货架期,误差在±5.0%以内。  相似文献   

18.
不同解冻方式对金枪鱼色泽的影响研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
金枪鱼肉质柔嫩鲜美,营养丰富,多以生鱼片方式食用,其肉质的品质尤其是色泽与解冻方式有着密切关系。通过对几种不同解冻方式的研究比较,测定色差值、高铁肌红蛋白含量、细菌总数3项理化指标,结合鱼肉色泽的感官评价,获得较适合的解冻方法。结果显示,温度梯度解冻-55℃→-25℃下解冻1h后进行加工色泽最好,但不适宜于生产。相比之下,带包装的10℃下的水浴解冻更适于工厂生产需要,且各项指标变化情况也满足金枪鱼生鱼片的加工要求。  相似文献   

19.
20.
    
The objective of this work was to find the optimal conditions that extend the shelf life of fresh-cut potatoes using innovative food processing technologies. Potato cultivar, Longshu No. 10, was treated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) with 200 MPa (HHP 200) for 2, 6 and 10 min, and HHP with 400 MPa (HHP 400) for 1, 2 and 6 min; electrolysed water with pH 5.2 (EW 5.2) for 2, 5 and 10 min of soaking; and ultrasonic (US) with 200 W (US 200) for 5 and 10 min, and US with 500 W (US 500) for 5, 10 and 15 min. Microbiological quality, colour and textural changes and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were determined during 12 days of storage at 4 °C. Processing technologies showed an effect on reducing the microbial load of fresh-cut potatoes with respect to control. EW (5 min) and US (500 W for 15 min) were the best treatments in terms of colour, and these treatments did not modify the texture of the fresh-cut potato, which make them promising for extending the shelf life of fresh-cut potatoes. Also, the US treatment showed the lowest PPO activity.  相似文献   

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