回糟发酵新技术的研究

采用“热水喷淋洗糟降酸,结合减曲、加糖化酶、用AADY”新技术对回糟进行发酵,研究它对回糟降酸与回糟发酵醅的主要理化指标、产酒量及其酒质的影响。试验结果表明:(1)“热水喷淋洗糟降酸”新工艺与传统的“蒸汽加热排酸”工艺相比,回糟降酸显著(p<0.05),可控制在2.0以内;(2)新技术与传统的回糟发酵工艺相比,回糟产酒量提高30kg/甑以上(p<0.05),且酒的质量无明显差异。     

机压丢糟包包曲酿酒效果

探讨机压丢糟包包曲的酿酒效果,采用含丢糟质量分数5%、7%、9% 和11% 的机压包包曲与纯小麦机压包包曲进行酿酒对比实验。结果表明：1)机压丢糟包包曲有利于提高糖化、发酵的程度,能提高浓香型大曲酒的出酒率;2)含丢糟质量分数9% 的机压包包曲酿酒效果最优,不仅能显著提高产酒量,而且能在一定程度上提高酒品质。因此,机压丢糟包包曲用于酿酒生产是可行的。     

回酒发酵技术对浓香型白酒生产的影响研究

在原有传统酿造技艺的基础上,糟醅入窖时加入配制回酒入池发酵,对浓香型白酒生产过程中窖内糟醅发酵温度、出入窖糟醅理化指标、产酒数量、产酒质量等进行对比,找出该技术对生产的影响规律。结果表明,通过回酒发酵技术能够抑制酸的生成,提升糟醅中的淀粉利用率和香味成分,在增己降乳方面有一定效果,提升原酒感官品质。     

强化窖内产酯技术的研究与应用

通过对传统提高酒质的方法对比研究,在6个二类窖进行了13个月的生产实验,提出了一个完整配套的“轮轮双轮底”强化窖内产酯的技术措施,突破了“低进低出”的传统,主张“高进高出”的路线。归纳该研究成果的主要工艺理论与参数:①高淀入窖发酵(17％～22％);②中温发酵(热平地温冷十七);发酵净升温,春14±1℃,夏11±2℃,秋12±1℃;③提高入池酸度(1.6～1.9);④糟醅最佳产酯酒度为10度,每窖回60度白酒60千克,回黄水220千克,回糟用高温曲粉50千克;⑤出窖糟醅残糖0.5％～1.5％。作者强调,需与该厂成果“固态白酒可控蒸馏技术”配合使用,方能“丰产丰收”。(丁匀成)     

浓香型白酒糟醅质构的研究进展

在中国传统固态酿造过程中,糟醅中所富含的淀粉是酿酒必备的前体物质,为酿酒之源.糟醅的好坏直接影响到所产酒量和风味,而糟醅又受各种因素的影响.本文大致介绍了浓香型白酒酿造过程中影响糟醅质构的因素和条件,并进行了一些分析与展望.     

发酵温度曲线与固态酿酒前置控制条件间的关系

我国传统固态酿酒工艺确定了白酒生产是以预先配置好一定比例的粮、糠、水、曲、母糟以及适当的入窖温度作为入窖发酵的主要前置控制条件。通过对窖池内糟醅发酵温度进行实时监测、并同步自动绘制发酵温度曲线图,结合发酵温度曲线图预判窖内糟醅发酵情况,在出窖前10天做好下一轮入窖配料准备工作,使入窖糟醅的前置控制条件始终处于最佳状态。阐述了中国传统固态酿酒工艺要素与发酵温度变化之间的关系,并首次把传统酿酒工艺模式总结为"前置条件控制工艺模式"。     

酱香型白酒糙沙轮次堆积新工艺研究

传统酱香型白酒糙沙轮次工艺是将下沙轮次出窖糟醅和糙沙轮次投入的粮食混合蒸料蒸酒并混合堆积。本研究对两种方式进行对比研究,即：①将下沙轮次出窖糟醅和糙沙轮次投入的粮食分别进行蒸煮,分开进行堆积,二者混合入池发酵;②将下沙轮次出窖糟醅和糙沙轮次投入的粮食分别进行蒸煮,下沙轮次出窖蒸馏糟醅进行堆积而蒸煮后的粮食不堆积,二者混合入池发酵。结果表明：方式①产酒最好,与传统工艺相比,1次酒酸味、生涩味减弱,酒体更干净,产酒量也略有提高;2次酒质量数量有所提高,但不如1次酒明显;3次酒以后,质量数量与传统工艺产酒趋于一致。差别不大。     

泸型酒拌沙酿造工艺探讨

拌沙酿造工艺系采用正常发酵成熟糟醅（回糟或回沙）,不经蒸酒就按一定比例拌入新粮继续入窖发酵的酿造工艺。该工艺能为发酵糟醅提供大量酿酒微生物、丰富的糟醅营养、乙醇和大曲酯化酶、酯化发酵和酒体陈熟的中间产物及香味前体物质。大生产试验表明,拌沙酿造工艺能显著改善糟醅风格,提高产品质量。与一年窖相比,拌沙窖的生产成本低、发酵期短、产量高,在相同时间内,优质酒产量提高约300％,极大提高经济效益。（孙悟）     

入窖酸度对浓香型白酒糟醅产酒的影响

针对近年来白酒行业度夏糟醅酸度普遍偏高的现象(特别是乙酸偏高),通过向入窖糟醅中额外添加乙酸和黄水,模拟窖池发酵过程,发酵一定时间后,检测发酵糟醅酸度、水分、淀粉含量及酒精度。结果表明,添加乙酸和黄水对糟醅发酵均有抑制作用,会使产酒量降低,且乙酸抑制作用更为明显。     

接种发酵对阴米粉物化特性及米粉粉条品质的影响

本实验以接种发酵方式制得阴米,对发酵条件下阴米粉物化特性及阴米米粉粉条蒸煮特性和质构特性的改变进行了研究。结果表明:发酵使阴米粉蛋白质、脂肪、总淀粉含量显著降低(p<0.05),直链淀粉含量显著升高(p<0.05),溶解度、膨润力、吸水率显著降低(p<0.05);与传统米粉相比,阴米粉基本结构和晶型未发生改变,仅结晶度降低。阴米米粉粉条和传统米粉粉条相比,短条率和蒸煮损失率显著减小(p<0.05),拉伸距离显著增大(p<0.05),米粉粉条品质明显改善。综合分析后认为,以接种发酵方式所制得的阴米粉更适合制作米粉粉条。      

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press