铜模喷铸Cu-Zr合金非平衡凝固组织演变行为

采用真空感应熔炼与铜模喷铸相结合,制备出不同成分的Cu_(100-x)Zr_x(x=5,30,50)合金。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析及X射线衍射技术,对比研究了快冷合金的晶粒形貌、元素分布、相组成及类型等组织演化规律。结合差热分析技术研究了合金实时凝固过程。结果表明,随Zr含量增加,非平衡凝固Cu-Zr合金中初生相体积分数不断提高,分别呈现非小平面→小平面→非小平面的转变。由于铜模激冷效应,Cu_(70)Zr_(30)合金中Cu_(51)Zr_(14)+L→Cu_8Zr_3包晶转变与Cu_(50)Zr_(50)合金中CuZr→Cu_(10)Zr_7+CuZr_2共析转变均受到抑制。热分析曲线中未出现包晶相变峰和共析相变峰,合理解释了Cu-Zr合金非平衡组织的形成。     

不同凝固条件下Cu80Fe20合金凝固组织以及磁性能研究

通过制备不同凝固条件下亚稳难混溶Cu80Fe20合金,系统的研究了不同凝固条件下合金凝固组织以及软磁性能的差异。结果表明:铜板模具冷却得到的Cu80Fe20合金凝固组织由细小的胞状富Fe枝晶以及基体组成,说明该凝固条件下合金凝固过程中仅仅发生平衡液-固相转变;然而石墨模具冷却得到的Cu80Fe20合金凝固组织由球状的富Fe相、发达的富Fe枝晶以及基体组成,说明该凝固条件下合金凝固过程中不仅发生平衡液-固相转变,而且发生了液-液相分离,并发现相分离形成的少量相富Fe液滴内部结构存在富Fe层的存在,且在迁移发生聚合、凝并以及碰撞;同时研究发现,不同的凝固条件下得到Cu80Fe20合金的饱和磁化强度和矫顽力存在差异,但综合来看制备的合金均呈现良好的软磁性能。     

快速凝固Al-Pb合金的显微组织

采用单辊旋铸法分别制备了Al-5%Pb, Al-8%Pb和Al-15%Pb三种合金条带, 并利用TEM分析其显微组织. 结果表明 在快速凝固下, Al-Pb合金中的第二相(f.c.c. Pb)在基体中分布均匀, Pb颗粒尺寸随Pb含量增加而增加, 随冷却速度的增大而减小, Pb颗粒的尺寸呈双峰或三峰分布特征. 此外, 还分析了快速凝固下偏晶合金的凝固过程, 对上述现象进行了解释.     

细化变质处理对铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金力学性能和组织的影响(英文)

研究了单一和复合Al-5Ti-B、RE和Al-10Sr细化变质剂对砂型铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金力学性能、显微组织、细化变质效果及其金属间化合物变化的影响。结果表明:与单一细化变质处理以及铸态相比,经过添加质量分数为0.8%的Al-5Ti-B、0.1%的RE和0.1%的Al-10Sr细化变质剂复合细化变质处理后铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金的力学性能和显微组织都得到了显著改善。对于单一细化变质处理,加入0.8%的Al-5Ti-B中间合金后,合金的抗拉强度和布氏硬度得到大幅度提高,并且细化了α(Al)相。加入0.1%的RE中间合金后,合金的伸长率得到了最大程度的提高。这是因为RE的加入使铝合金熔液而得到净化,同时改变了金属间化合物的形状。而加入0.1%的Al-10Sr变质剂后,合金的屈服强度得到改善,但其他性能的改善有限。Al-10Sr变质剂对共晶硅具有较强的变质作用,但使得铝合金熔体含气量增加并形成严重的柱状晶组织。利用硅相的平均面积和长宽比描述细化变质效果得到的结论与力学性能和组织分析的结果相同。     

Grain size effects on the oxidation of two-phase Cu-Fe alloys

The oxidation behavior of thin layers of two Cu-Fe alloys containing 25 and 50 wt.% Fe, respectively, prepared by magnetron sputtering deposition on cast alloys of the same composition (Cu-Fe coatings) and presenting grain sizes in the nanometer range, was studied at 600-800 °C in air to examine the influence of the reduction in the grain size on the selective oxidation of the most reactive component in two-phase binary systems. A continuous Fe₃O₄ layer formed beneath an external region of copper oxide on the Cu-25Fe coating, whereas an external iron oxide scale mostly composed of Fe₃O₄ free from copper oxides formed on the Fe-50Cu coating. In both cases, an iron-depleted region was present in a subsurface alloy layer. These results differ remarkably from the oxidation behavior of cast Cu-Fe alloys of similar composition but with a large grain size, which formed mixed external scales of iron and copper oxides in air and simultaneous internal and external oxidation of Fe under both high and low oxygen pressures. Therefore, a grain size reduction can effectively promote the selective external oxidation of the more reactive component in binary two-phase alloys due to an increase in the mutual solubility of the two components associated with the method of alloy preparation as well as to the presence of a large density of grain boundaries in the coatings which may act as short-circuit diffusion paths, allowing a faster outward diffusion of iron during oxidation.     

Fe基非晶合金的晶化及其在NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为

采用单辊甩带法制备出完全非晶态的Fe_(78)Si_(13)B_9和Fe_(73.5)Si_(13.5)B_9Nb_3Cu_1薄带,并利用非晶晶化退火法制备非晶和纳米晶双相合金Fe_(73.5)Si_(13.5)B_9Nb_3Cu_1薄带.利用X射线衍射仪和示差扫描量热计对该非晶薄带的非晶特性及其晶化过程进行研究,并用电化学极化曲线的方法和电化学阻抗技术对比研究非晶Fe_(78)Si_(13)B_9和双相合金Fe_(73.5)Si_(13.5)B_9Nb_3Cu_1在1 mol/L NaCl溶液里的电化学腐蚀行为,用SEM对极化测试后的试样形貌进行观察;同时还研究不同的热处理温度对材料的结构及在1 mol/L NaCl溶液里耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:该非晶薄带的晶化过程分为两步;双相合金比非晶合金的耐腐蚀性要好;随着热处理温度升高,非晶合金和双相合金的耐腐蚀性能都得到提高.     

Effects of Si Content and the Addition Amount of Al-3B Master Alloy on the Solidification Structures of Hypoeutectic Al-Si Alloys

Al-Si based cast alloys have become morewidely used in atomobile and aerospace indus-try due to their excellent proPerties, such as highstrength to density ratios, high castability andmachinability and much attention has been fo-cused on this area. Since the discovery [l1 thatAl-4B master alloy could be used to refine A356alloy effectively this phenomenon has arousedmuch attenton and discussion among many in-vestigators [2--13]. Wth resPect to the role thatAl-B tyPe master alloy has played …     

微量B对Mg-3A1-1Zn镁合金组织和性能的影响

B通过Al-3B中间舍金加入Mg-3Al-1Zn舍金中，利用OM、XRD及力学性能测试、极化曲线测定等手段对不同B加入量合金的组织和性能进行了分析。实验结果表明，合金的组织随着B加入量的增加变得粗大，当B加入量为0．05％时出现粗大枝晶，0．1％时枝晶进一步长大且出现二次枝晶。舍金的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能也随B加入量的增加而降低。     

粉末冶金W/Re合金靶材的显微结构及磁控溅射沉积性能

为了研制高品质W/Re合金靶材,采用机械混料、压制成形和真空烧结致密化工艺路线制备了纯钨及铼含量分别为1％、5％、10％(质量分数)的钨/铼(W/Re)合金,测试了W/Re合金的致密度、晶粒度及晶粒取向、磁控溅射沉积等性能.研究表明,W/Re合金致密度及纯度均随Re含量增加而逐渐提高,而晶粒逐渐细化.W/10％Re合金...     

LD2铝合金真空钎焊用铝基钎料的制备及性能研究

利用快速凝固技术制备了8种Al-Si-Cu-Ni四元合金钎料，研究了合金元素对铝基钎料性能的影响。实验结果表明：随着Cu含量的增加，钎料的熔点大大降低，且钎料的铺展面积和抗拉强度都呈现先增加后降低的趋势：随着Si含量的增加，钎料的熔点和抗拉强度皆为先增加后降低，同时钎料的铺展面积明显增加。     

LD2铝合金真空钎焊用铝基钎料的制备及性能研究

利用快速凝固技术制备了8种A1-Si-Cu-Ni四元合金钎料,研究了合金元素对铝基钎料性能的影响。实验结果表明:随着Cu含量的增加,钎料的熔点大大降低,且钎料的铺展面积和抗拉强度都呈现先增加后降低的趋势;随着Si含量的增加,钎料的熔点和抗拉强度皆为先增加后降低,同时钎料的铺展面积明显增加。     

Effects of Fe content on microstructure and properties of Cu–Fe alloy

Cu–Fe alloys with different Fe contents were prepared by vacuum hot pressing. After hot rolling and aging treatment, the effects of Fe content on microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Cu–Fe alloys were studied. The results show that, when w(Fe)<60%, the dynamic recrystallization extent of both Cu phase and Fe phase increases. When w(Fe)≥60%, Cu phase is uniformly distributed into the Fe phase and the deformation of alloy is more uniform. With the increase of the Fe content, the tensile strength of Cu–5wt.%Fe alloy increases from 305 MPa to 736 MPa of Cu–70wt.%Fe alloy, the elongation decreases from 23% to 17% and the electrical conductivity decreases from 31%IACS to 19%IACS. These results provide a guidance for the composition and processing design of Cu–Fe alloys.     

Refinement of primary Si in Cu–50Si alloys with novel Al–Zr–P master alloy

In this article, a novel Al-6Zr-2P master alloy with ZrP particles was successfully synthesized, and the refining performance of this novel master alloy for the primary Si in Cu-50Si alloys was also investigated. By means of the fracture plane observation, it is found that the ZrP phase would precipitate first in the solidification process, and then, the ZrAl 3 phase grows around them. Furthermore, it is observed that the refining effect can be remarkably improved by changing the addition sequence of the raw materials. After the melting of commercial Cu, the 2.0 wt% Al-6Zr-2P master alloy and crystalline Si were added in sequence, and the mean size of the primary Si in Cu-50Si alloy can be significantly refined from 255.7 to 75.3 lm. Meanwhile, the refining mechanism was discussed in detail.     

Liquid phase separation of Cu-Cr alloys during rapid cooling

1 Introduction Cu-Cr alloys containing 20%- 50%Cr have been widely investigated because they are the most important contact materials used in high voltage vacuum switches. It has been well known that the smaller the Cr particles in Cu-Cr alloys are, the b…     

Mo含量对Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)合金的微观结构,热性能和磁性能的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)系非晶合金,并对3种合金进行不同温度热处理。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、差热分析仪(DTA)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对合金的微观结构、热性能和磁性能进行测试分析。结果表明:Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)3种合金第1个晶化峰的激活能随Mo含量的增加而减小,Mo的添加不利于合金的热稳定性。Mo含量的增加抑制了ZrCo_3B_2等化合物的析出,细化了结晶相的晶粒尺寸。Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)3种非晶合金的矫顽力Hc均随退火温度的升高而逐渐增大。Mo的添加明显降低了合金的矫顽力。     

Fe和Cu对6061再生铝合金凝固行为和热裂倾向的影响

利用双电偶热分析和约束杆模具热裂评价法,研究了Fe和Cu杂质元素对6061再生铝合金凝固特性和热裂倾向(HTS)的影响.结果表明,随着Fe和Cu元素含量的增加,再生铝合金的热裂倾向逐渐增大.Fe元素主要影响再生铝合金初期凝固行为,提高Al13Fe4富铁相的形核温度和含量,促使凝固过程中枝晶搭接完成,阻碍液相流动补缩.C...     

Fe-Al系金属间化合物中的微观缺陷和电子密度

对二元Fe-Al合金，含Cr和Si的Fe3Al合金的正电子寿命谱测量表明：随着二元Fe-Al合金中Al含量的增加，空位浓度增加，微孔洞的开空间增大。在Al含量高于40％原子分数）的B2－FeAl合金中存在着较高的空位浓度和开空间相当于Fe中的10－15个空位聚集体的微空洞。在B2－FeAl和D03－Fe3Al合金中，晶格中最邻近的Fe-Al原子对之间发生Fe-d-Alp杂化使用。Al的3p电子与Fe的3d电子被局域化并形成共价键。导致合金中的自由电子密度降低。二元Fe-Al合金中的平均电子密度随着Al含量的增加而下降。用Cr元素对Fe3Al进行合金化。合金基体和晶界处的自由电子密度均增加；而加入Si元素，合金基体和晶界处的自由电子密度均减小。讨论了Fe-Al合金的微结构对其力学性能的影响。     

BN含量对ZrBN合金组织与性能的影响

利用OM、SEM、XRD、维氏硬度以及力学性能试验机等,研究了非自耗电弧熔炼炉制备的ZrBN合金(BN=0.5wt%,0.7wt%,1.0wt%,1.5wt%,2.0wt%)的显微组织、断口形貌、相结构以及力学性能。结果表明:加入BN后,合金中出现了金属间化合物ZrB₂相的衍射峰,且强度随着BN含量的增加而升高。随着BN的加入,合金晶粒尺寸明显细化,且分布均匀,在BN含量到达1.5wt%之后,棒状ZrB₂相尺寸急剧增大。当合金中BN含量为0.5wt%时,合金表现出良好的综合力学性能,其最大压缩强度、屈服强度以及压缩塑性分别为1311 MPa、928 MPa以及16.71%,压缩断口呈韧性断裂模式。随着BN含量的增加,合金的塑韧性显著降低,压缩断口逐渐转呈现为脆性断裂。     

Effect of Al5Ti1B master alloy on microstructures and properties of AZ61 alloys

AZ61 alloys with different levels of Al5Ti1B master alloy additions were prepared by conventional casting method.The effects of Al5Ti1B contents and holding time on microstructures and microhardness of AZ61 alloys were studied by XRD,OM and microhardness testing techniques.The results show that when the addition level of Al5Ti1B master alloy is less than 0.5%(mass fraction),the average grain size of the alloys decreases with the increase of Al5Ti1B content at the same holding time.But the grain size increases somewhat with further addition of Al5Ti1B.The average grain size of the alloys decreases with the increase of the holding time as it is less than 30 min at the same addition level of Al5Ti1B.It is considered that TiB2 particles can serve as the heterogeneous nucleation sites ofα-Mg during solidification,and heterogeneous nucleation is the main reason for the grain refinement of AZ61 alloys.The microhardness of the refined AZ61 alloys with 1.0%Al5Ti1B addition is increased by about 8%.     

电解加钛与熔配加钛对工业纯铝晶粒细化的作用

对比研究了电解加钛,以Al-Ti和Al-Ti-B中间合金方式向工业纯铝熔配加钛以及向电解低钛铝合金中再熔配加Al-B中间合金的细化效果.结果表明,不同加钛方式对纯铝都有较强的细化作用; 在钛含量相同的条件下,电解加钛的晶粒细化能力明显高于熔配加Al-Ti中间合金的; 钛含量较低时,熔配加Al-Ti-B中间合金的细化效果略好于电解加钛的,钛含量较高时,二者的细化能力相当.向电解生产的低钛铝合金中再熔配加入Al-B中间合金,可明显改善晶粒细化效果,尤其在较低的钛含量时表现得非常明显.