基于KD-tree剖分的三维动态场景快速有效压缩

为充分利用GPU并行计算特点,实现对三维动态数据的快速有效压缩,降低网络带宽的限制,提出一种基于KD-tree剖分的快速有效压缩方法。首先使用KD-tree在第0帧对整个三维场景进行划分,并对每个叶子节点进行刚体的并行构造;建立能构造刚体的叶子节点和均匀划分的三维网格之间的映射关系,在三维空间使用并查集合并并行构造的刚体;最后将压缩后的动态数据传输到客户端并重构一定时间内的三维动态场景。算法可以极大提高服务器端数据的压缩速度,有效减少需要传输的数据量。实验结果表明：该算法在保证压缩质量的同时,可以对原始三维动态场景进行快速有效压缩,有效降低网络带宽对数据传输的限制。     

基于网络的3DGIS可视化研究

自适应可视化大规模复杂的空间数据已成为三维地理信息系统(3DGIS)的研究热点.为了从服务器传输可视化信息到客户端,文中提出了结点——层数据模型来组织三维场景,该三维场景提供了有效的数据管理方式,包括空间索引和渐进传输算法.服务器根据顶点和三角形数目,对场景元素不是提供几个预先计算的细节层次,而是连续分辨率的表达.客户端根据硬件的性能对复杂三维场景自适应多分辨率可视化,满足多用户并发访问的要求.实验证明,文中的方法能有效地解决大规模复杂空间数据模型的快速可视化.     

高维图像压缩的小波方法

高维(三维到四维)图像已应用于许多领域,产生了巨大的数据集.文中设计了一种适用于高维的小波压缩方法,并用四维(三维+时间)心脏超声波图像验证了它的压缩能力.实验证实:高维小波压缩方法能够取得比二维小波压缩方法高许多的压缩比,同时基本保持图像的质量.可应用于因特网上的动态三维图像传输和远程医疗等领域.     

高维图像压缩的小波方法

高维(三维到四维)图像已应用于许多领域,产生了巨大的数据集。文中设计了一种适用于高维的小波压缩方法,并用四维(三维 时间)心脏超声波图像验证了它的压缩能力。实验证实：高维小波压缩方法能够取得比二维小波压缩方法高许多的压缩比,同时基本保持图像的质量。可应用于因特网上的动态三维图像传输和远程医疗等领域。     

一种优化的消失点估计方法及误差分析

空间一组平行直线在图像平面上所成的像的交点称为消失点. 消失点可以提供大量的场景三维结构信息. 本文提出一种新的优化的消失点估计方法. 该方法基于随机采样一致算法(Random sample consensus, RANSAC)对图像空间中的线段进行聚类, 通过最小化Sampson误差获得消失点的极大似然估计(Maximum likelihood estimation, MLE). 该方法不需要预知摄像机参数及直线的三维位置信息. 为了对该算法进行定量评估, 构造了基于反向传播的消失点误差传递模型. 实验结果验证了本文提出算法的有效性.     

利用球谐方法分散计算场景的全局光照

作为一种特殊的光照模型,辐射度在图形学中有着重要的应用.然而,由于其计算的复杂性,辐射度方法一直得不到广泛的应用,特别是在动态场景中.提出一种基于辐射度算法的全局光照实时加速算法,在原有基于点采样进行场景的全局光照近似的基础上,提出了不同的点采样计算方法,以提高辐射度方法对动画场景的适应性.算法对场景中的物体建立六面体包围盒,并在包围盒各顶点设置采样点,这样就可以在环境变化对其光照影响不大的情况下采用原有的计算结果,实现辐射度算法在动态场景中的计算加速.同时,对场景中的每个物体的光照,利用立方体映射计算直接光照;而对物体间的能量交换采用点采样方法进行近似计算并利用附近采样点的光照插值作为物体的光照.实验结果表明,该算法可以减少大量的间接光照计算,提高了辐射度算法的效率.     

基于广义Ricci曲率及深度信息的图像采样方法

随着采样技术的提高、数据量的剧增,给数据的存储及传输造成了一定困难,因此对数据进行重采样,以压缩数据量是解决该问题的一个有效手段.针对灰度图像采样问题,利用密度流形的广义Ricci曲率提出一种采样点之间相关性的衡量方法.首先,将图像看做是对二维流形的着色,通过处理目标物的深度或构造其深度,保留需要着重采样区域的深度信息;其次,结合深度与灰度信息计算密度流形的Ricci曲率;最后,根据相关性原则筛选采样点并重建图像.此外,针对采样过程提出了全局采样及加速的局部采样2种方式,用于权衡速度与精度.采用大量的标准测试图进行实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地应用于灰度图像的压缩;与已有方法相比,该方法在灰度变化剧烈、复杂的边缘采样点分布更为密集,同时对灰度变化平缓的区域采样点也相对更少.     

基于分形思想的差值图像压缩技术*

针对屏幕监控系统中数据传输的特殊性,提出基于分形思想的差值图像压缩技术.图像分形后,对相邻帧间对应的数据求差并进行压缩编码,减少时间与空间冗余度.试验表明,该方法能有效降低传输时的数据量,节约传输时间,同时是一种无损的压缩算法.     

一种改进的远程屏幕图像实时传输方法

在深入分析现有屏幕图像传输方法的基础上，提出了一种改进的远程屏幕图像实时传输方法，将色彩过滤、“格”、异或和帧间分块压缩结合起来，在屏幕图像采集和压缩两个方面进行了改进。实验结果表明，该方法在保证图像质量的前提下，缩短了屏幕图像处理时间，减少了数据传输量，提高了传输速度。     

多传感器信号数据采集实时压缩算法

针对多传感器测试系统采样数据信息量大、不便于存储和实时传输的问题,提出了一种基于改进的二叉树算法对原始采样数据进行实时压缩.根据多传感器系统信息冗余量大的特点,充分利用多传感器信号之间相关性和采样点之间相关性,对采样数据在二维方向上做去冗余处理,从而达到节省数据存储空间、提高数据传输效率的目的.该算法编程简单、计算量较小、易于硬件实现,并在动态称重压力传感器信号的压缩实验中取得了较好的压缩效果.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.