共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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本文归纳了棉尘病因,用例说明总尘量不能明确表示吸入性棉尘的含量,提出为防治棉尘病应确立吸入性棉尘浓度控制标准。通过三废规定生产性粉尘排放标准和现行纺织除尘设计的滤后空气含尘浓度对比,提出除尘排风供空调回用和直接外排应采用不同的滤后含尘浓度,可大量节约除尘用电。棉尘浓度控制标准应组织有关单位充分调查棉纺织厂实况、研究分析后制订之,采样器和测试方法也要改进。 相似文献
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为了控制粉尘对职业健康的危害,国家颁发了GBZ 2.1-2007《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值》,其中规定了工作场所空气中粉尘容许浓度,用以限制作业人员接触粉尘的浓度值。基于此,以主要的粉尘种类为研究对象,收集了美国、日本和苏联的粉尘浓度值进行对比分析,指出我国粉尘卫生标准存在的问题,希望可以对国家相关标准的修订给出可借鉴的建议。 相似文献
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真菌毒素广泛存在于粮油等食品中,危害人类和动物的健康。由于粮油等食品中真菌毒素的污染分布不均匀,因此科学、合理、经济的采样(扦样)计划尤为重要。梳理了国内外粮食的采样标准,并对每个标准适用范围、是否适合真菌毒素、各个采样环节规定进行比较分析。国际采样标准就不同的食品类别或真菌毒素(污染物)的各个采样环节的要求进行了系统阐述,涵盖了粮食中真菌毒素的采样要求。目前国内没有系统的针对粮食中真菌毒素采样标准。通过对国内外相关标准的研究,为提出符合我国种粮散户多、运输工具规格不同、大中小粮仓乃至高大平房仓等不同储运环节粮食中真菌毒素的科学、有效、公正的采样方案提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
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Jenkins公司的Card-A-Vac自动清洁系统是一个用于吸除和控制纺机里面或周围棉尘的有效清洁系统。这是一个完善的空气控制系统,它可将空气中的棉尘减少到安全标准范围内,并对低级或高级棉和各种化学纤维的适用性都很强。该系统是根据两级除尘的原理来设计的,第一级的过滤器由细眼网包覆,并以网层形式除去棉尘,棉尘网厚度可通过调节不同压力开关得到控制。这种棉尘网可起预滤作用,以收集棉尘中的小粒 相似文献
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改善帘子布织造环境探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对多尼尔喷气织机织造锦纶66帘子布生产过程中的排尘特点进行了研究,并利用颗粒、流体运动理论对现场的含尘气体性质和运动特点进行分析,设计出新型的喷气织机棉尘收集装置系统.通过对使用棉尘装置前后现场棉尘量及对产品质量的影响程度进行试验对比,验证了该装置的优良效果,并对今后的系统扩大化推广使用进行了探索. 相似文献
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集棉尘笼的工作状况不仅影响集棉、打包,而且对轧花生产也会有直接影响。例如,当尘笼排风不畅通时,就会影响刷棉气流的正常运行,不仅会使刷棉部分的排杂减少、影响皮棉质量,而且也会在刷棉部分产生过多的落棉,增大轧花的衣亏,严重时还会使尘笼处的皮棉阻塞,使皮棉难以输送,从而直接影响轧花生产。集棉尘笼的作用如此重要,而轧花厂对于集棉尘笼的制作多是凭经验进行,缺乏可靠的理论依据和可行的计算方法。因此,尘笼使用过程中,难免会出现问题。那么集棉尘笼设计制造过程中,能否有一种行之有效的方法,来保证集棉尘笼参数的可靠… 相似文献
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散粮卸船机装卸过程中会产生大量粉尘并向周围环境逸散,其中呼吸性粉尘占比也相对较高,严重危害相关作业人员身体健康,影响工作视线,而传统的袋式除尘技术不能有效降低粉尘浓度。因此,提出了用于卸船机散粮装卸作业的滤筒除尘技术,并研发了相关装置,在埋刮板卸船机上进行了现场应用及相关测试。测试结果表明:在水平刮板输送机末端转载产尘点处以及离心式风机出口1 m处,总粉尘平均浓度由89.5 mg/m^3降低到4.2 mg/m^3,呼吸性粉尘平均浓度从8.9 mg/m^3降至0.6 mg/m^3,除尘效率分别为95.19%和93.26%,粉尘排放浓度符合国家相关职业卫生标准,周围环境明显改善。滤筒除尘器有效提高了对卸船机散粮装卸过程中粉尘的除尘效率,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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大豆压榨厂的粉尘主要是有机粉尘,又分为大豆粉尘、含溶剂粉尘、豆粕粉尘,在生产中产生粉尘层和粉尘云,可能引发爆炸。在阐述粉尘及粉尘爆炸相关概念基础上,指出大豆压榨厂积尘区域及潜在火源,并提出相关处理措施,包括划分可燃性粉尘爆炸风控区,设置关键安全装置和运行监控装置,制订火源预防措施和设备粉尘控制措施,防止粉尘层阴燃和粉尘云爆炸,按相关标准设计防火防爆厂房结构,大豆预处理车间设计并使用安全风网等。通过相关处理措施以最大限度地降低大豆压榨厂粉尘爆炸隐患,做到安全生产,保护员工和公司的财产。 相似文献
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Dust-free fabrics and garments are essentially used in hospitals to maintain hygiene in operation theatres and also in various other industrial establishments, such as cleaning electronic chip manufacturing rooms. It is also needed for personal health care of allergy and asthma patients. In order to design a dust-free fabric, it is very important to study the characteristics of the textile materials that influence dust attraction. In this work, the dust particle size and its distribution on different types of fabrics with different fibre types have been studied making use of non-conventional instruments. As of today, there is no instrumental technique available for studying the dust concentration on textile substrates. Therefore, there is a need for developing an instrument that would measure dust particle size and their concentration on textile materials. A digital dust analyzer has been developed for this purpose. This instrument is calibrated by standard dust particles that have similar properties as that of atmospheric dust particles. The reference dust particle size falls in the range of 0.1–198 μ m. A set of fabrics were selected to study the effect of fabric properties towards dust attraction. The results revealed that lowest dust accumulation occurs on plain woven 100% polyester fabrics followed by polyester–cotton blends. The dust-less fabrics developed through different techniques such as polyurethane coating, silicone finishing and weaving of metallic filaments showed satisfactory improvement in their functional properties. Polyurethane coated fabrics give best results followed by silicone finish fabrics and metallic yarn woven fabrics. Based on the analysis and understanding of the results, some of the factors influencing the dust affinity of fabrics are established. 相似文献
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介绍了关于自吸过滤式口罩的两套国家标准,论述了标准中规定的具体内容,指出两套标准在口罩的阻尘效率测试方法和试验粉尘的选取中存在的差异,并对差异进行了分析讨论,从而得出以下结论:测试方法和试验物质也要实现标准化,这样结果才具有可比性,以便用于规范市场。 相似文献
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From epidemiological studies experts conclude that wood workers are subjected to an increased health risk of nose and nasal cavity cancer under the influence of oak- and beech-wood dust. That is why, pursuant to Croatian regulations, the limit mass concentration for oak- and beech-wood respirable dust is 1 mg/m3 and for total dust 3 mg/m3. In this study the dustiness of the air surrounding woodworking machines has been researched in two woodworking companies, furniture factory and carpentry. Sampling of respirable and total wood dust from the surrounding air was carried out during workday by the method of personal samplers fixed on workers suit and then the daily dose of workers exposure was determined. Measured mass concentrations exceeded the Croatian limit values: in the furniture factory 16% of samples for respirable dust and 18% for total dust and in the carpentry 38% for respirable dust and 65% of all samples for total dust. In the furniture factory, mass concentration of respirable particles was higher near the belt sander than near the circular saws. At the workplaces of these woodworking machines higher mass concentration of respirable and total wood dust was measured than in the air around other machines, such as spindle moulder, band saw and jointer. In the carpentry mass concentration of respirable particles near the circular saws was significantly higher than near the jointer or lamello router. The highest share of respirable particles in total wood dust are recorded at the workplaces with low concentration of total wood dust and around machines with cutting parameters achieve the lowest value of chip thickness. 相似文献
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纺织厂为进一步提高棉纱、棉布的质量,纺高支纱时除了要排除一般的杂质及短绒外,还要排除微细杂质及灰尘,以免磨损机器的有关零部件并影响纱线及织物的品质。乌斯特公司生产的USTER TESTER 5-S400-OI纱线检测系统采用了新的光电传感器———OI,可检测纱线中的杂质及灰尘,为纺纱工艺的技术进一步改进,控制与减少杂质及灰尘,提供了可靠的信息。 相似文献