Effects of Hydrogen Ion Implantation on TiCC Coating of Stainless Steel

Titanium carbide coatings are widely used as various wearresistant material. The hydrogen erosion resistance of TiCC films and the effect of hydrogen participation on TiCC films were studied. Seventyfive percent TiCC films are prepared on stainless steel surface by using ion mixing, where TiCC films are deposited by rf magnetron sputtering followed by argon ion bombardment. The samples are then submitted to hydrogen ion implantation at 12×10-3 Pa. Characterization for the 75% TiCC films was done with SIMS, XRD, AES, and XPS. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) was used to analyze hydrogen concentration variation with depth, XRay diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phases, and Auger electron spectra (AES) as well as Xray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were used to check the effects of hydrogen on shifts of chemical bonding states of C and Ti in the TiCC films. It is found that TiCC films on stainless steel surface can prevent hydrogen from entering stainless steel.     

碳离子注入金属的相形成

用碳离子注入到金属Fe和Ni中形成六方相。在Co中第一次形成了六方碳化物,晶格常数为a=0.268nm,c=0.433nm。同常规热处理方法比较,离子注入更倾向于形成简单晶体结构相、非晶相,而不容易形成复杂结构相。这一规律可以指导一般的离了注入实验并预期其他新相的形成。     

Modification of Corrosion Resistance by Yttrium IonImplantation of 304L Stainlesa Steel

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Effect of Ion Dose on Growth of Relaxed SiGe Layer on Ion Implantation Si Substrate

Thin strain-relaxed Si0.8Ge0.2 films (57.6 nm) on the 30 keV Ar ion implantation Si substrates for different dose (1 × 1014, 5 × 1014, 3 × 1015 cm-2) were grown by ultra high vacuum chemical vapor deposition (UHVCVD) system.Rutherford backscattering/ion channeling (RBS/C), high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Raman spectra as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize these SiGe films. Investigations by RBS/C as well as HRXRD demonstrate that these thin Sio.8Geo.2 films could indeed epitaxially grow on the Ar ion implantation Si substrates. Under low dose ( 1 × 1014 cm-2) and medium dose (5 × 1014 cm-2) implantation conditions, the relaxation extents of SiGe films are 60.6% and 63.6%, respectively. However, high dose implantation (3 × 1015 cm-2) prompt the strain in epitaxial SiGe film to be close to full relaxation status (relaxation extent of 96.6% ). On the other hand, determinations of RBS/C also indicate the crystalline quality of SiGe film grown on high dose implantation Si substrate is nearly identical to that grown on low dose (1 × 1014 cm-2) implantation Si substrate.     

稀土Y离子注入对形成不同类型氧化膜合金的高温抗氧化性能的影响

：研究了稀土Ｙ离子注入对ＦｅＣｒ,ＦｅＣｒＡｌ及ＮｉＣｒ合金高温抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,对于主要形成Ｃｒ２Ｏ３膜的ＦｅＣｒ和ＮｉＣｒ合金,通过离子注入Ｙ可以明显提高其高温抗氧化性能,但对形成Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜的ＦｅＣｒＡｌ合金,离子注入对合金抗氧化性能没有影响,添加稀土Ｙ则使ＦｅＣｒＡｌ合金抗氧化性能大大提高。分析了氧化前、后氧化膜结构变化,认为早期形成的Ｙ２Ｏ３膜对高温氧化时金属离子的扩散有不同的影响     

电沉积法制备不锈钢镀层

本文用电化学方法制备 Fe-Cr-Ni 合金镀层。讨论了电沉积条件对形成 304不锈钢锭层的影响。实验结果指出:在常温、低的pH值及适当的电流密度下,镀液中的Cr³⁺和Ni²⁺含量达到一定的比值,可以获得成分与不锈钢(18Cr/9Ni)相似的铁铬镍合金镀层。     

钛合金等离子体源离子注入表面改性

等离子体源离子注入技术是一种新型的非视线的离子注入材料表面改性技术. 为了对该项技术的表面改性效果进行科学的论证, 从而为该项技术的推广提供客观的试验依据, 采用该项技术对Ti6A14V合金进行氮离子注入, 对注入层的成分、组织和性能进行了分析. 结果表明： 注入层中氮浓度的分布具有类高斯分布特征;在注入层中有TiN和非晶态相形成;注入层的显微硬度和摩擦性能得到了明显的改善.     

Effect of Ce^＋ Ion Implantation upon Oxidation Resistance of Superalloy K38G

The addition of small quantities of reactive ele ments (RE) or other elements with high oxygen affini ty, usually in the order of 0 1%~0 2% mass frac tion, will result in a beneficial effect on the oxidationresistance to superalloys[1~4].A number of mechanisms have been proposed toexplain the beneficial effect of RE additions on theCr2O3 forming alloys, including physical blocking byRE ions or second phase particles at grain boundaries,pegging effect between the oxide and the …     

Effects of Welding Procedure on Corrosion Resistance and Hydrogen Embrittlement of Supermartensitic Stainless Steel Deposits

The effects of shielding gas and post weld heat treatment on the pitting resistance, stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement of supermartensitic stainless steel deposits were studied. Two all-weld-metal test coupons were prepared using a metal-cored wire under Ar+5% He and Ar+18%CO₂ gas shielding mixtures. Solubilizing and solubilizing plus double tempering heat treatments were done with the objective of achieving different microstructural results. The samples welded under Ar+5% He showed higher pitting corrosion resistance, for all post weld heat treatments, than those welded under Ar+18%CO₂. The different post weld heat treatments generated higher susceptibility to this corrosion mechanism. None of the samples presented signs of stress corrosion cracking, but in those subjected to the heat treatment, grain boundary selective attack was observed, on the surfaces of all the samples studied. The samples with highest hardness were more susceptible to hydrogen damage, thereby leading to reduced tensile strength on this condition.     

Effect of Yttrium Pre-Implantation on Implantation Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy in Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation

Ｔｉ 6Ａｌ 4Ｖａｌｌｏｙｈａｓｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｉｎｍａｎｙｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｓｓｕｃｈａｓｓｐａｃｅｃｒａｆｔ,ａｉｒｃｒａｆｔａｎｄｂｉｏｍｅｄｉｃａｌａｒｅａｆｏｒｉｔｓｇｏｏｄｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓ .Ｈｏｗｅｖ ｅｒ ,ｔｈｅｗｅａｒｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｉｓａｌｌｏｙｉｓｎｏｔｖｅｒｙｇｏｏｄ[1] .Ｉｔｉｓｗｅｌｌｋｎｏｗｎｔｈａｔｉｏｎｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎｉｓａｇｏｏｄｍｅｔｈｏｄｉｎｅｎｈａｎｃｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｓｕｒｆａｃｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｓｕｃｈａｓｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎ…     

氢对不锈钢钝化膜纳米力学性能的影响

利用电化学实验方法和纳米力学探针技术,通过测量载荷-位移关系曲线,研究了氢对不锈钢钝化膜纳米力学性能的影响。结果表明:随氢含量的增加,不锈钢钝化膜的临界破裂载荷降低,位移偏移量减小,氢导致钝化膜的径向抗拉强度(应力)和弹性模量降低,钝化膜随氢含量的增加而逐渐软化。

     

氮离子束轰击对电弧离子镀已沉积的TiAlN膜层性能影响的研究

采用俄罗斯UVN 0.5D2I离子束辅助电弧离子镀沉积设备,利用N离子束轰击高速钢W18Cr4V基材上电弧离子镀已沉积完毕的TiAlN膜层。研究了不同能量的N离子束轰击对TiAlN膜层表面形貌、显微硬度和相结构的影响。SEM分析表明:TiAlN膜层表面"大颗粒"消失,凹坑浅而平整,粗糙度降低。X射线衍射分析表明:无N离子轰击时,TiAlN膜层是由TiAlN相和Ti2AlN相组成;随着轰击能量的增加,TiAlN膜层的相结构没有发生变化,但TiAlN(111)取向减弱,而(200)和(220)取向均增强;Ti2AlN(211)取向减弱。力学性能测试表明:N离子束轰击,使膜层的显微硬度由原来的2 100HV0.01提高到2 300HV0.01。     

Surface Modification by Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation on Austenitic AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Surfaces of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel plates nitrided by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) technology were studied by means of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)to determine the effect of the nitriding process on the surface and subjacent layers.Elemental compositions obtained by AES and XPS at varying depths indicate that the saturation of N is relatively constant as a function of depth,indicating the reliability of PIII technology for subsurface saturation.It is concluded that the concentrations of both Cr and O increase with depth,the subjacent oxide is driven by the Ar+ sputtering process used to access the lower layers,and then N is bound to Cr.     

Hydrogen Softening in the Thin Plate of Microcrystalline 316L Stainless Steel

The thin‐plate specimen of 316L austenite stainless steel was charged with hydrogen using a cathodic charging technique. Despite the short diffusion distance of hydrogen predicted by the diffusion‐controlled model for a semi‐infinite sheet, the Vickers hardness measurements revealed the full effect of hydrogen in the center of the cross‐sections of thin‐plate specimens as well as in the vicinity of the outer surfaces, which appears to be due to the short‐circuit diffusion mechanism along the grain boundaries. The room‐temperature tensile properties of both undeformed and deformed (20, 40%) samples were examined and compared. Hydrogen softening was apparent in both types of samples. For example, the 40% deformed sample showed an approximately 17 and 7% lower yield and tensile strength, respectively, after H charging at a strain rate of 2 × 10^?4 s^?1 with a concomitant decrease in ductility compared to that without H.     

氢致304L不锈钢晶体结构变化与相变

利用X射线衍射方法,研究了304L不锈钢中电解充氢过程和随后时效过程中的氢致奥氏体结构变化和氢致马氏体相变。结果表明,电解充氢可导致奥氏体晶格膨胀和马氏体相变,α’相和ε相同时出现,并且在室温时效过程中并不能消失。     

钢板电镀锌-铁合金工艺及镀层性能

本文讨论了钢板电镀锌-铁合金工艺,并对锌-铁合金镀层的显微结构、相成分、表面形貌、显微硬度、结合力、稳定电位和耐蚀性进行了研究。结果表明:用电镀法可以获得一种高质量的含铁为16~17%的锌铁合金镀层。     

304不锈钢表面冷喷涂TC4钛合金涂层性能研究

采用冷喷涂技术在304不锈钢表面制备了TC4钛合金涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜观察了涂层的形貌、组织结构,并利用电化学方法研究了涂层的腐蚀电化学特征。研究结果表明,冷喷涂制备的TC4钛合金涂层致密性存在较为明显的梯度现象,靠近基体的涂层密度明显高于表面;涂层喷涂过程没有出现明显氧化现象,与基体的结合强度可达20 MPa左右;涂层的耐腐蚀性能优于304不锈钢,可大大提升不锈钢材料在海洋环境中的耐点蚀性能。     

氢对不锈钢电渣堆焊层塑韧性的影响

模拟加氢反应器的工作条件（ｐ＝ １７．５ ＭＰａ，ｔ＝ ４５０ ℃）对００Ｃｒ２０Ｎｉ１０Ｎｂ 电渣堆焊层充氢。结果表明，充氢导致堆焊层断裂韧性值减小、塑韧性显著降低。在面弯试验中，堆焊层由于充氢后脆化而发生小角度开裂，其面弯断口呈脆性准解理形态，并有较多的二次裂纹；面弯产生的显微裂纹沿δ／γ相界分布。据此认为充氢首先使δ／γ相界面脆化。充氢后的堆焊层经６３０ ℃×４ ｈ 去氢处理可消除氢脆现象，使塑韧性恢复。     

Influence of Protective Coating at High Temperature on Surface Quality of Stainless Steel简

A ceramic matrix coating for minimizing steel loss of stainless steel at high temperatures was prepared by handled air-spraying technique, and the influence of coating on surface quality of stainless steel was mainly investiga ted in laboratory. Experimental results showed that the protective coating reduced the oxidation of stainless steel by more than 91% and minimized high temperature scaling and also enhanced steel surface quality. The scales of coated specimen were removed completely and the scales of uncoated specimen were partly residual on the surface after cool ing process. Mn-rich and Fe-rich zones were found in the oxides. The Cr2 O3 found in scales came from the underlying stainless steel and formed a Cr rich layer along the spalled surface.