基于自适应噪声抵消的MIMO-OFDM信道估计

对多输入多输出正交频分复用系统的信道估计进行了研究,利用自适应噪声抵消的思想,提出了一种基于自适应噪声抵消和奇异值分解的信道估计方法.该方法首先利用自适应噪声抵消对最小二乘(LS)估计进行去噪处理,然后将其结果用于奇异值分解(SVD)的MMSE低阶近似方法中.仿真结果表明,利用此方法有效地抑制了噪声的影响,其系统性能优于利用最小二乘方法所获得的系统性能.     

基于SVD和小波变换的信道估计新方法

在正交频分复用系统中,发射的信号在频域中经历了乘性衰落的同时还经历了加性噪声的干扰,从而影响了估计的质量.将小波去噪用于信道估计中以去除其中的加性干扰,然后基于奇异值低阶近似算法对信道转移矩阵再进行低阶近似.仿真结果表明,该运算的复杂度降低了,提高了SVD系统估计的准确度.     

基于EMD-SVD差分谱的DWT域LMMSE自适应信道估计算法

针对当前基于奇异值分解的线性最小均方误差（SVD-LMMSE）法信道估计误差相对较大的问题,提出了一种基于经验模态分解和奇异值分解（EMD-SVD）差分谱的离散小波变换（DWT）域线性最小均方误差（LMMSE）自适应信道估计算法。在对信号进行最小二乘（LS）信道估计及预滤波处理后,运用DWT对信号的高频系数进行阈值量化去噪处理;然后结合基于EMD-SVD差分谱的自适应算法,将强噪声小波系数中微弱的有效信号提取出来,并进行信号的重构;最后根据循环前缀（CP）内、外噪声方差的均值设置相应门限,对循环前缀以内的噪声进行再次处理,从而进一步降低噪声的影响。对算法的误码率（BER）和均方误差（MSE）性能进行实验仿真,实验结果表明：所提算法的整体性能明显优于经典的LS算法、传统的LMMSE算法和目前较为流行的SVD-LMMSE算法,能够较好地降低噪声的影响,并可有效提升信道估计的精确度。     

基于VMD分解和小波阈值去噪的时差估计算法

为了提高时差定位算法的精度,提出了一种基于VMD分解和小波阈值去噪的时差估计算法。通过VMD分解将信号分解成若干个分量,再利用小波阈值去噪对各个分量进行去噪,最后将信号重构进行互相关得到信号的时延值。仿真结果表明,该方法优于直接小波阈值去噪的时差参数估计算法,具有更高的准确度和稳定性。     

基于DFT的时域LS信道估计算法

基于IEEE 802.16d/e标准的OFDMA系统中存在保护子载波和导频非2n等间隔插入,针对该问题,提出一种基于DFT的时域LS信道估计算法。该算法对相比信道自相关矩阵R容易获得的矩阵T进行奇异值分解(SVD),得到基于DFT的低阶近似。仿真结果表明,该算法的信道估计性能和运算复杂度介于LMMSE-SVD算法、IFFT/FFT算法之间,对导频要求更宽松,应用更广泛。     

基于奇异值分解和小波包分析的液压泵振动信号特征提取方法

针对液压泵故障特征提取问题,提出了一种基于奇异值分解和小波包变换的液压泵振动信号特征提取方法.通过奇异值分解将噪声非均匀分布的液压泵振动信号正交分解为噪声分布相对均匀的分量,对各分量进行小波包阈值去噪,重构去噪后分量,对去噪后信号进行小波包分解,提取各频带能量特征.以齿轮泵为例,将该方法对齿轮泵的气穴故障、齿轮磨损和侧板磨损3种常见故障和正常状态的振动信号进行特征提取分析,结果表明,该方法可有效提取齿轮泵故障特征.     

一种旋转机械振动信号的有效消噪方法

提出了一种基于奇异值分解(SVD)、Mallat算法和经验模态分解的信号降噪方法.首先,采用香农熵判据寻求最佳小波分解,对带噪部分小波系数进行经验模态分解,提取出信号趋势分量;其次对小波系数剩余部分采用奇异值分解方法降噪,并根据奇异值差分谱自适应的选择奇异值进行重构,将重构后的信号和趋势项叠加作为新的小波系数;最后进行小波重构得到最终的消噪信号.运用模拟信号和齿轮箱断齿故障信号进行仿真,结果表明该方法能够准确地选择用于重构的奇异值个数,并能有效去除信号噪声,保留特征信号的细节信息,尤其对含有趋势项的故障特征有很大实用性.     

结合分块噪声估计的字典学习图像去噪算法

图像去噪是图像处理领域的重要环节,也是对图像进行后续处理的基础。近年来K-SVD字典学习去噪算法因其耗时短、去噪效果好的特点得到广泛关注和应用。但该算法的适用条件为图像的噪声为加性噪声且噪声标准差已知。针对这一情况,本文先提出一种平滑图像块筛选方法,并将其与奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition, SVD)相结合实现对图像的噪声标准差估计。再将得到的噪声估计方法与K-SVD字典学习去噪算法结合起来,提出一种具备噪声估计特性的K-SVD字典学习去噪算法。对多种图像的去噪实验结果表明,与Donoho小波软阈值去噪算法、全变分(Total Variation, TV)去噪算法相比,本文算法不仅能够使去噪后图像的峰值信噪比提升1~3dB,并且能较好地保留图像的细节信息和边缘特征。     

基于小波去噪与变换域的信道估计方法

针对长期演进(LTE)下行正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的最小二乘(LS)信道估计算法对噪声比较敏感的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换去噪与变换域插值相结合的信道估计方法.该方法通过在最小二乘(LS)估计之后加入小波阈值去噪过程,再通过变换域低通滤波插值估计进行双重去噪处理.计算机仿真结果表明,该估计方法能够有效地去除加性高斯白噪声,比一般的LS估计算法性能要好,在一定程度上弥补了LS估计算法对噪声敏感的缺陷.     

基于奇异值差分谱分析和蚁群算法的小波阈值降噪

针对传统小波阈值去噪阈值选取的问题,将奇异值差分谱的方法与蚁群算法相结合运用到小波阈值降噪中,提出一种小波系数双阈值寻优方法.首先将待处理含噪信号进行多尺度小波分解;之后根据每级信号小波系数的奇异值差分谱分析得到寻优的目标函数;然后根据目标函数利用蚁群算法在每级的小波系数上进行阈值寻优;最后重构经过最优阈值量化规则处理的小波系数得到降噪信号.通过对仿真信号的降噪处理表明本方法对不同特点信号的降噪效果要好于传统阈值降噪方法;对滚动轴承以及深沟球轴承的振动故障信号的降噪处理验证了方法的可行性和适用性.     

基于跨尺度低秩约束的图像盲解卷积算法EI北大核心CSCD

在模糊核未知的情况下对模糊图像进行复原称为盲解卷积问题,这是一个欠定逆问题,现有的大部分盲解卷积算法利用图像的各种先验知识约束问题的解空间.由于清晰图像的跨尺度自相似性强于模糊图像的跨尺度自相似性,且降采样模糊图像与清晰图像具有更强的相似性,本文提出了一种基于跨尺度低秩约束的单幅图像盲解卷积算法,利用图像跨尺度自相似性,在降采样图像中搜索相似图像块构成相似图像块组,从整体上对相似图像块组进行低秩约束,作为正则项加入到图像盲解卷积的目标函数中,迫使重建图像的边缘接近清晰图像的边缘.本文算法没有对噪声进行特殊处理,由于低秩约束更好地表示了数据的全局结构特性,因此避免了盲解卷积过程受噪声的干扰.在模糊图像和模糊有噪图像上的实验验证了本文的算法能够解决大尺寸模糊核的盲复原并对噪声具有良好的鲁棒性.     

基于子空间跟踪的修正MMSE多用户检测算法

在研究基于子空间跟踪的最小均方误差（MMSE）多用户检测器（MUD）的基础上，为解决原算法因引入特征值估计误差而导致检测性能下降的问题，设计了一种改进的算法——修正的MMSE多用户检测器．采用正交性能优良的OPAST算法跟踪子空间，提出一种基于OPAST的修正MMSE多用户检测算法．仿真结果显示,与基于OPAST的MMSE MUD相比，基于OPAST的修正MMSE MUD算法收敛速度快，输出信干比和误码率性能逼近SVD MUD算法，并且计算复杂度较低．     

Optimum recursive filtering of noisy two-dimensional data with sequential parameter identification

A two-dimensional recursive estimation algorithm based on the asymmetric half-plane model is described for the problem of MMSE (minimum mean-square error) filtering. The optimum filtering problem is solved by formulating the asymmetric half-plane ARMA (autoregressive moving average) model for two-dimensional data. The sequential parameter identification from the noisy two-dimensional data is also discussed, utilizing the stochastic approximation. Experiments were performed for real image data, combining the proposed parameter identification and estimation algorithms. The results show that this method gives considerable improvement in SNR.     

基于信号子空间的MMSE盲多用户检测

修正的最小均方误差(MMSE)多用户检测器解决了传统MMSE因引入特征值估计误差而导致检测性能下降的问题。基于修正MMSE多用户检测器,采用正交性能良好的改进PASTd算法跟踪子空间,提出一种基于改进PASTd的修正MMSE多用户检测算法,改进后的MMSE盲多用户检测误码率低,收敛速度快。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

Computational Suboptimal Filter for a Class of Wiener-Poisson Driven Stochastic Processes

The minimum mean square estimate (MMSE) for a stochastic process drivensimultaneously by Wiener and Poisson processes is characterized by aninfinite number of stochastic differential equations (even in the simplestlinear case), and so is not practically implementable. In this article, apractical approximation to the solution is developed in terms of acomputationally suboptimal filter for the estimation problem. Basically, itdetects and estimates the Poisson driving process using a Maximum APosteriori (MAP) criterion, and then reconstructs the entire system stateusing MMSE applied to a system approximating the original one.     

Tensor methods for full-information maximum likelihood estimation: Unconstrained estimation

In this study, we present a new method, called a tensor method, for the computation of unconstrained Full-Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimates. The new techniqus is based upon a fourth order approximation to the log-likelihood function, rather than the second order approximation used in standard methods. The higher order terms are low rank third and fourth order tensors that are computed, at very little storage or computation cost, using information from previous iterations. We form and solve the tensor model, then present test results showing that the tensor method is far more efficient than the standard Newton's method for a wide range of unconstrained FIML estimation problems.This paper is based upon part of my doctoral dissertation at George Washington University. I would like to thank my committee members, Professors Robert Phillips and Frederick Joutz of George Washington University and John R. Norsworthy of Renssalaer Polytechnic Institute for their support and suggestions. Any errors remaining are my own.     

Tensor methods of full-information maximum likelihood estimation: Estimation with parameter constraints

In this study, we take a method presented in an earlier paper, called a tensor method, and apply it to the computation of constrained FIML estimates. This technique is based upon a fourth order approximation to the log-likelihood function, rather than the second order approximation used in standard methods. The higher order terms are low rank third and fourth order tensors that are computed, at very little storage or computation cost, using information from previous iterations. We discuss interior and exterior point methods for constrained optimization, show how they can be used in conjunction with tensor methods, and then present test results showing that the tensor method is far more efficient than the standard Newton's method for a wide range of constrained FIML estimation problems.This paper is based upon part of my doctoral dissertation at George Washington University. I would like to thank my committee members, Professors Robert Phillips and Frederick Joutz of George Washington University and John R. Norsworthy of Renssalaer Polytechnic Institute for their support and suggestions. Any errors remaining are my own.     

运用MMSE先验信噪比估计进行语音增强

针对DD（Decision-Directed）先验信噪比估计方法在处理语音时产生延迟以及非因果先验信噪比估计算法不具实时性的缺点,提出一种MMSE（Minimum Mean Square Error）先验信噪比估计方法。它在高斯语音模型假设的基础上,运用最小均方误差准则直接从带噪信号中估计先验信噪比。通过对增强语音信噪比、Itakura-Saito失真测度以及信号时域图和语谱图仿真,结果表明,该算法比DD算法能更好地抑制“音乐噪声”和防止语音畸变,且相对于非因果先验信噪比估计算法具有更强实时性。     

Feature selection, mutual information, and the classification of high-dimensional patterns

We propose a novel feature selection filter for supervised learning, which relies on the efficient estimation of the mutual information between a high-dimensional set of features and the classes. We bypass the estimation of the probability density function with the aid of the entropic-graphs approximation of Rényi entropy, and the subsequent approximation of the Shannon entropy. Thus, the complexity does not depend on the number of dimensions but on the number of patterns/samples, and the curse of dimensionality is circumvented. We show that it is then possible to outperform algorithms which individually rank features, as well as a greedy algorithm based on the maximal relevance and minimal redundancy criterion. We successfully test our method both in the contexts of image classification and microarray data classification. For most of the tested data sets, we obtain better classification results than those reported in the literature.     

基于大规模MIMO的散射信道估计技术

随着用户对通信速率的要求日益增长,散射通信的通信容量亟待提升。大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)技术是提升容量的一种重要途径,本文研究基于大规模MIMO的对流层散射通信系统的信道估计问题。首先建立基于二维均匀方形天线阵列的大规模MIMO对流层散射信道模型,其次提出一种信道协方差矩阵估计算法对传统最小均方差(MMSE)信道估计算法进行改进,最后与最小二乘(LS)、传统MMSE算法和理想MMSE信道估计算法的准确度进行对比。仿真结果表明：在信噪比(SNR)为0～25 dB的情况下,传统的MMSE算法的准确度相较于LS算法的提升效果并不明显,与理想MMSE算法的准确度有一定差距;但改进MMSE信道估计算法的准确性优于传统MMSE算法,同等条件下NMSE相同时,其SNR可提升3～5 dB,并随着SNR的增大逐渐逼近理想MMSE算法。