三甲铵乙内酯(甜菜碱)的合成

介绍了以氯乙酸钠和三甲胺为原料合成三甲铵乙内酯（甜菜碱）的方法,以室温为起始反应温度反应０．５ｈ,然后分别于５０℃～５５℃和８０℃～８５℃反应１ｈ,以强酸性阳离子交换树脂为反应液的分离提纯物质。其收率超过９７％,产品纯度达到９８．５％。该法具有操作简便、反应时间短、反应条件温和、产品纯度高等优点。     

Effects of Germination Process and Drying Temperature on Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) and Starch Digestibility of Germinated Brown Rice

In this work, germination method, germination time, and drying temperature were investigated for their effects on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and starch digestibility. The germination method and germination time influenced the GABA and dietary fiber contents as well as starch and glucose, but both factors did not provide a faster hydrolysis of starch for germinated brown rice because of the dietary fiber. When the germinated samples were dried by a hot-air fluidized bed dryer at 130 or 150°C, the GABA content was not decreased and the amylose-lipid complexes occurred. Dissociation temperature of the complexes was given in a range of 100–117°C, which was lower than that of complexes in the non-germinated paddy. Thus, the amylose-lipid complexes in the germinated samples obtained at high temperature lost some crystalline structure when cooked by the boiling method. The corresponding rate of starch hydrolysis or glycemic index of the germinated samples changed insignificantly from that of the shade-dried germinated sample or non-germinated brown rice which was dried in shade.     

KDRn3蛋白在人脐静脉血管内皮细胞中的表达及对其增殖的抑制作用

目的观察KDRn3蛋白在人脐静脉血管内皮细胞中的表达及对其增殖的抑制作用。方法将质粒pEGFP-N1/KDRn3扩增并鉴定后,以脂质体介导转染人脐静脉血管内皮细胞,培养一定时间后,在荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白的表达,ELISA检测细胞培养上清中KDRn3的含量,MTT法检测KDRn3蛋白对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞增殖的影响。结果转染后48h,在荧光显微镜下可见pEGFP-N1/KDRn3转染组人脐静脉血管内皮细胞发出绿色荧光,72h发出绿色荧光的细胞增多,强度增强;转染后24、48和72h,细胞培养上清中KDRn3含量与转染前比较均提高,且差异有显著意义;转染后48和72h,pEGFP-N1/KDRn3转染组与对照组比较,细胞增殖有明显的抑制,且差异有显著意义。结论KDRn3蛋白可在人脐静脉血管内皮细胞中表达,并能抑制其增殖。     

4-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1-萘满酮合成述评

综述了4-(3，4-二氯苯基)-1-萘满酮的应用及合成方法，对不同路径的原料、催化剂及产率进行了介绍，并对这几种合成路径进行了比较。结果表明采用1-萘酚和邻二氯苯为原料，无水AlCl3作催化剂是一条理想和合成路线。     

流行性乙型脑炎SA_(14)-14-2弱毒株在狗胎肾细胞传代适应的研究

流行性乙型脑炎SA_(14)-14-2弱毒株经原代狗胎肾细胞连续传递4代以后,其病毒滴度稳定在7.5～8.0 log TCID_(50)/0.2ml。传代后的各代病毒(命名为 SA_(14)-14-2PDK-CD)对三周龄小鼠脑内无毒力、皮下无致病力、弱毒力稳定性和免疫原性等特性与原 SA_(14)-14-2 株相同。以该株病毒和原代狗肾细胞制备的活疫苗,经全面检定完全符合现行《乙型脑炎活疫苗规程》标准。     

Quantitation of Benzo(a)pyrene-glucuronic Acid Conjugates Formed in Benzo(a)pyrene Treated Cell Cultures by Continuous-flow Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry

Glucuronic acid conjugates of phenolic benzo(a)pyrene metabolites (BP-glucuronides) were determined by continuous-flow fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (continuous-flow FABMS). BP-glucuronides were isolated from the medium of BP-treated cell cultures by solvent/solvent extraction and microbore HPLC. A continuous-flow FABMS method was used for determining the amount of BP-glucuronides. Very high selectivity was achieved by using a mass resolving power of M/ΔM of 10000. Five picograms of BP-glucuronide gave a response with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10:1. Early passage hamster embryo cell cultures metabolized 18% of the BP to BP-glucuronides, while the mouse hepatoma cell line Hepa-lclc7 metabolized 25% of the BP to BP-glucuronides. In contrast, the amount of BP-glucuronides present in medium samples from BP-treated cultures of the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was below the detection limits of the method (less than 0.5 ng per mL of medium).     

克卓替尼中间体4-(4-碘-1H-吡唑-1-基)哌啶的合成

以4-氯吡啶盐酸盐为起始原料,与1H-吡唑发生芳香亲核取代得到4-(1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶盐酸盐,在Rh/C-20A的催化下对4-(1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶盐酸盐中的吡啶环选择性氢化得到4-(1H-吡唑-1-基)哌啶盐酸盐,最后用碘/过氧化氢(I2/H2O2)对4-(1H-吡唑-1-基)哌啶盐酸盐中的吡唑环4-位选择性碘代合成克卓替尼重要中间体4-(4-碘-1H-吡唑-1-基)哌啶,总收率为67.2%。     

Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-Pb(Mg_(1/2)W_(1/2))O_3-PbTiO_3三元系低温烧成多层陶瓷电容器瓷料的研究

本文选择Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-Pb(Mg_(1/2)W_(1/2))O_3-PbTiO_3三元系低温烧成独石电容器瓷料为研究对象.实验结果表明,一次合成工艺优于分别合成工艺.采用适当的配方,可获得900℃左右烧成ε～8000,tgδ0.01～0.025,-25℃～+85℃下△C/C<±45%,且其它性能亦良好的独石瓷料.升温速度的加快将导致介电性能的下降.微观结构研究结果表明,颗粒尺寸的增加和高介电常数晶体的增多将有利于ε的提高.获得了890℃～920℃下一次烧成该瓷料用的全银电报.     

Benzyl Isothiocyanate Inhibits Prostate Cancer Development in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) Model,Which Is Associated with the Induction of Cell Cycle G1 Arrest

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a hydrolysis product of glucotropaeolin, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and has been shown to have anti-tumor properties. In the present study, we investigated whether BITC inhibits the development of prostate cancer in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Five-week old, male TRAMP mice and their nontransgenic littermates were gavage-fed with 0, 5, or 10 mg/kg of BITC every day for 19 weeks. The weight of the genitourinary tract increased markedly in TRAMP mice and this increase was suppressed significantly by BITC feeding. H and E staining of the dorsolateral lobes of the prostate demonstrated that well-differentiated carcinoma (WDC) was a predominant feature in the TRAMP mice. The number of lobes with WDC was reduced by BITC feeding while that of lobes with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia was increased. BITC feeding reduced the number of cells expressing Ki67 (a proliferation marker), cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 in the prostatic tissue. In vitro cell culture results revealed that BITC decreased DNA synthesis, as well as CDK2 and CDK4 activity in TRAMP-C2 mouse prostate cancer cells. These results indicate that inhibition of cell cycle progression contributes to the inhibition of prostate cancer development in TRAMP mice treated with BITC.     

Proteomic Analysis Identifies an NADPH Oxidase 1 (Nox1)-Mediated Role for Actin-Related Protein 2/3 Complex Subunit 2 (ARPC2) in Promoting Smooth Muscle Cell Migration

A variety of vascular pathologies, including hypertension, restenosis and atherosclerosis, are characterized by vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hypertrophy and migration. NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) plays a pivotal role in these phenotypes via distinct downstream signaling. However, the mediators differentiating these distinct phenotypes and their precise role in vascular disease are still not clear. The present study was designed to identify novel targets of VSMC Nox1 signaling using 2D Differential In-Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry (2D-DIGE/MS). VSMC treatment with scrambled (Scrmb) or Nox1 siRNA and incubation with the oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂; 50 μM, 3 h) followed by 2D-DIGE/MS on cell lysates identified 10 target proteins. Among these proteins, actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) with no previous link to Nox isozymes, H₂O₂, or other reactive oxygen species (ROS), was identified and postulated to play an intermediary role in VSMC migration. Western blot confirmed that Nox1 mediates H₂O₂-induced ARPC2 expression in VSMC. Treatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) resulted in reduced ARPC2 expression in H₂O₂-treated VSMC. Additionally, wound-healing “scratch” assay confirmed that H₂O₂ stimulates VSMC migration via Nox1. Importantly, gene silencing of ARPC2 suppressed H₂O₂-stimulated VSMC migration. These results demonstrate for the first time that Nox1-mediated VSMC migration involves ARPC2 as a downstream signaling target.     

油井用硫酸钡锶垢抑制剂XY-1性能影响因素研究

油田开发过程中,由于温度、压力变化,水的化学不相容性等原因,油井出现结垢问题是很普遍的问题,尤其是硫酸钡锶垢,难溶难除,严重影响油井产量和油田效益。本文根据油田硫酸盐垢的防治现状,以顺丁烯二酸酐(MA)、甲基丙烯酸(α-MAA)、丙烯酸甲酯(MAC)为单体,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,水为溶剂制得抑制剂。研究了合成条件对抑制剂性能的影响,评价了其对硫酸钡,硫酸锶垢的防垢性能。实验表明,顺丁烯二酸酐、甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酸甲酯摩尔比为2∶1∶0.5,引发剂过硫酸铵质量为单体重12%,70℃下反应5 h合成的共聚物抑制剂加量在24 mg/L时的防垢率可以达到96%以上。     

可溶性Fas与VEGF及TIMP-1表达在乳腺癌淋巴结转移中的相互关系

目的通过对乳腺癌可溶性Fas浓度与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及金属蛋白酶抑制物(TIMP-1)表达之间关系的分析,探讨患者血清中sFas浓度改变对乳腺癌细胞生长、浸润和转移的影响。方法通过S-P免疫组化法和ELISA法,分别检测乳腺癌细胞VEGF和TIMP-1表达及血清sFas浓度,结合VEGF、TIMP-1与乳腺癌临床病理参数,分析浸润、淋巴结转移乳腺癌中VEGF、TIMP-1表达失衡与血清sFas浓度之间的关系。结果①VEGF阳性表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移呈显著相关,VEGF阳性的肿瘤有淋巴结转移率为56%,明显高于VEGF阳性的肿瘤无淋巴结转移率(7%)。随着乳腺癌TNM分期和组织学分级的进展,VEGF阳性表达率逐渐增加,呈正相关。TIMP-1阳性表达与肿瘤淋巴结转移明显相关。随着TNM分期和组织学分级的进展,TIMP-1阳性表达率逐渐降低,呈负相关。②VEGF阳性表达而TIMP-1阴性表达组发生乳腺癌浸润和淋巴结转移率及血清sFas浓度最高,VEGF阴性表达而TIMP-1阳性表达组发生淋巴结转移率及血清sFas浓度最低,两组比较差异有极显著意义。结论sFas与VEGF及TIMP-1表达之间存在着反馈机理以及相互激活的密切关系。sFas浓度可以间接地反映基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)和VEGF的表达情况,sFas在乳腺癌中的浓度变化可以反映乳腺癌的生长、局部浸润和转移。     

层状Li[Ni_（1/3）Co_（1/3）Mn_（1/3）]O_2锂离子电池正极材料制备方法的研究进展

层状结构Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2是目前国内外锂电池正极材料的研究热点。制备这种三元系材料的方法是热点中的重点。本文主要综述了不同的制备方法以及这些方法的简单对比,并探讨了Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2的应用前景。     

Bi_(1/2)Na_(1/2)TiO_3-BaTiO_3系无铅压电陶瓷制备工艺的优化及其结构分析

借助正交试验设计,通过对无铅压电陶瓷压电、介电性能的测试,研究了BaTiO3含量、预烧温度、烧结温度及保温时间对(1-x)(B i1/2Na1/2)TiO3xBaTiO3(简写为BNBT 100x)陶瓷性能的影响。研究结果表明制备BNBT系陶瓷的最优化工艺条件为:BaTiO3摩尔分数x=0.06、预烧温度850℃、烧结温度1 130℃、保温时间2 h。通过XRD分析了BNBT系压电陶瓷的晶体结构类型、晶胞参数及晶格畸变随着BaTiO3摩尔分数的变化,确定了该体系的三方四方的准同型相界在x=0.06~0.08之间。     

1-(1,3-二硫戊环/二噻烷)-2-亚甲基-1-芳偶氮基丙酮类化合物的合成研究

研究了二硫缩烯酮类化合物α-碳原子上的反应,以α-羰基/羧基二硫缩烯酮与芳基重氮盐作用,以较高产率获得了系列1-(1,3-二硫戊环/二噻烷)-2-亚甲基-1-芳偶氮基丙酮类化合物。该反应条件温和,操作方法简单,同时对其反应机理进行了初步探讨。