转炉煤气干法除尘技术

简要介绍了国内外转炉煤气干法除尘技术及应用情况,重点介绍了系统运行中出现的问题及采取的控制措施。通过采取优化转炉吹炼操作及配置静电除尘器,保证蒸发冷却器喷嘴雾化效果,开发应用粉尘冷压块等工艺降低了回收成本,干法除尘系统运行稳定。国内外钢铁企业运行结果表明,采用干法除尘后,回收煤气含尘量可以控制在10mg/m3以下,与湿法除尘技术指标对比,干法除尘具有能耗低、投资回收期短等优点。     

浅谈冶金喷嘴参数与测试系统设计思路

冶金喷嘴的运用主要在三种冶金设备领域上的使用,喷嘴技术参数的测试方法与结果对设计参数的选型起着重要的设计依据。本文对连铸喷嘴、高压除鳞喷嘴、螺旋除尘喷嘴设计参数与测试系统进行了探讨研究,提出了设计思路。     

转炉一次烟气除尘系统的改造

根据转炉炼钢厂一次烟气除尘系统工艺流程和存在的问题,进行了一系列改造。通过一年多的运行,除尘一、二文喷嘴很少堵塞,一、二文水流量加大,降温、除尘效果明显提高。     

关于解决转炉除尘系统喷嘴堵塞情况的探讨

转炉在吹炼时产生大量含有C0和氧化铁类粉尘的高温烟气,为了防止污染,保护环境,分别设置一套洗涤塔+环缝装置全湿烟气净化系统。由于洗涤塔是一次除尘,使用的水量要均匀,喷嘴出水充分形成雾化,达到除尘效果,避免因沉淀物堵塞喷嘴,引起除尘不达标事件。     

钢渣处理生产线除尘系统的设计及应用

为了解决宝钢湛江炼钢钢渣处理生产线的除尘问题,根据钢渣粉尘的来源、粉尘的特点、除尘难点和工艺要求,提出了相应的除尘对策。热焖区选用湿式除尘,滚筒区选用喷嘴雾化除尘,脱硫区选用液压倾翻罩,加工区选用袋式除尘,废钢切割区选用移动罩车。经工程实践达到了预期的除尘效果,为钢渣资源化利用的除尘问题提供工程经验借鉴。     

除尘系统双流量喷嘴的性能试验研究

通过试验研究了除尘系统双流量喷嘴，在喷嘴不同结构参数下气压和水流量变化的特性，分析了喷嘴结构参数、气压、水流量对水压、气耗率、雾化角、颗粒度以及水滴喷出速度的影响规律，优化后的喷嘴有效地改善了烟气冷却不充分的状况。为喷嘴雾化冷却性能的分析研究和优化设计提供了技术途径。     

天钢120 T转炉一次除尘风机振动原因分析与改进

一次除尘风机是转炉一次除尘系统的关键设备。在使用一段时间后,一次除尘风机振动加大,直至导致连锁停机。分析了一次除尘风机振动的产生原因。通过采取重新调配供水管路、优化除尘水的喷嘴、使用陶瓷涂层技术对转子内外表面进行处理、改进叶轮冲洗水喷嘴、提高转子安装精度等措施措施,使一次除尘风机振动得到了有效的控制,满足了生产使用要求。     

深弯辊除尘装置的设计及应用

介绍了一种新型深弯辊除尘装置,针对深弯辊的运动轨迹设计了一种无单独驱动的随动机构,并通过有限元分析计算出该除尘装置的喷嘴和吸尘罩的气流场,为该装置在实际生产中的应用给出了有益参考。     

新临钢3号石灰竖窑设计特点和生产实践

新临钢3号石灰竖窑设计中炉顶采用了整体预制结构、喷嘴采用风冷保护技术,高温烟气采用换热器预热助燃风,治理废气采用电除尘技术,岗位除尘采用布袋除尘技术。关键岗位采用工业电视监控,计算机控制等一系列适用技术。经过半年的生产实践,竖窑生产顺行,各项指标达到国内先进水平。     

现代废气净化和循环

奥钢联向其钢铁客户提供全套废气和残渣处理技术.奥钢联诸如BAUMCO技术等湿法除尘工艺最近得到了改善,增加的设备如BAUMCO喷嘴或奥钢联锥形环缝洗涤器均改善了性能.干法除尘通常需要更高的投资,但优势在于效率更高,操作成本更低,并且残渣和副产品处理更简单.奥钢联开发了不同的技术来处理残渣,比如锌尘分离、造块技术、CONTOP、零废物工艺等将残渣转换成有用产品和副产品的工艺,以及对含碳氢化合物的残渣进行处理的OXI-Therm工艺.     

高压变频器在除尘风机上的应用

介绍了高压变频器在除尘风机上的应用,分析了变频器的原理、控制及应用效果。实践证明高压变频器具有降低除尘风机的电耗、稳定可靠等优点,在除尘风机的应用方面具有明显的节能效果,在除尘系统中值得推广应用。     

高炉煤气干法除尘喷碱塔系统的分析与优化

针对已在迁钢2号高炉成功应用的高炉煤气干法除尘喷碱塔系统在新建3号高炉应用中出现的煤气冷凝水pH值偏低的问题,对2、3号高炉煤气干法除尘喷碱塔系统的碱液浓度、外排水系统、喷头和碱液泵的运行参数、煤气在喷碱塔内的停留时间以及碱液喷头雾化效果进行了对比分析。结果表明,外排水系统排水不畅和碱液喷头雾化效率低是导致3号高炉煤气冷凝水pH值偏低的主要原因。对外排水系统和碱液喷头进行改造后,3号高炉煤气冷凝水pH值为6～7,这不但防止了管道因高炉煤气冷凝水腐蚀而导致的生产事故,而且降低了系统运行成本。     

煤气净化干法除尘器在包钢120 t转炉的应用

包钢一炼钢新建两座120t转炉煤气净化系统采用了LT干法除尘技术．与传统的湿法除尘技术相比,在各种性能指标的对比上均有着明显的优势,节约了大量的水电消耗。经过长时间的观察,经济效益和环保效益十分显著。     

天铁热轧2×180t转炉干法除尘系统工艺技术改造

针对天铁热轧2×180t转炉干法除尘系统的除氧器加热、煤气冷却器供水、输灰机运行和静电除尘器轴瓦等所存在的问题进行技术改造。改造后,使蒸汽使用量、耗电量、耗水量明显减少,备品备件的消耗费用也相应降低,并确保了干法除尘系统的运行更加安全稳定。     

天铁6号高炉煤气干法布袋除尘工艺设计

对天铁6号高炉煤气干法布袋除尘工艺设计进行了总结,认为该工艺处理的高炉煤气含尘量少、温度高,可大幅增加余压煤气发电量,处理过程基本不消耗水,并指出了需要改进的技术及设备选型.     

热轧带钢高压水除鳞系统的改造

针对武钢集团鄂钢公司热轧带钢厂高压水除鳞系统存在的除鳞效果不稳定、设备运行不稳定、维修费用高等问题,对热轧带钢高压水除鳞系统采取了一系列的改造措施,有效地降低了喷嘴的消耗量和高压水系统的检修时间,减少了带钢表面黑带的产生,保证了产品的质量。     

天铁炼铁厂电除尘器的技术改造

针对电除尘器存在的电场电压低、卸灰阀卡死、风机轴承温度高和除尘管道堵塞的问题,详细分析了产生的原因.通过进行一系列的技术改造,电场平均电压上升,风机轴承温度控制在45℃以下,全部风机均可以在高频率下稳定运行,星型卸灰阀卡阻和除尘管道堵塞问题基本得到了解决,电除尘器各参数和性能得到了很大提高.     

Latest developments for dry and wet dedusting systems for converter steel making

Environmental requirements world wide and in the P.R.of China in particular have increased and authorities are increasing the pressure on steelmakers to comply with always more stringent limits and standards. Modern converter steel making goes along with the innovation and new developments not only for the primary converter process itself but even more for the dedusting technologies.This paper describes the benefits and latest development of advanced off gas cleaning and recovery systems based on dry type cleaning with electrostatic precipitation and wet type gas cleaning based on wet scrubbers.Modern converter dedusting is based on suppressed combustion systems in order to reduce off gas amounts and to be able to use the gas for gas recovery.The dry type primary off gas treatment system based on electrostatic precipitator technology is the most advanced environmental solution available for converter steel making.Dry dedusting has been introduced in China successfully with a significant contribution by Siemens VAI being the market leader for converter dry dedusting systems.Siemens VAI has introduced several design improvements over the last years such as CFD modeling of flow conditions in evaporation cooler,design of chains for dust conveyors,design of ESP inlet,design and thickness of discharge electrodes and operation in energy saving mode.Additionally the DDS process has been successfully implemented in China for the De-P process.The gas recovery system for DDS has been optimized over the years with high quality equipment and integrated automation and control systems.Wet type dedusting for converter gas is a well proven technology for many years and is still widely used due to the simplicity of the process and the lower investment costs.SVAI has continuously improved it’s wet dedusting technologies to provide highly energy efficient systems which can achieve lowest levels of clean gas dust while still maintaining a moderate water and energy consumption with simplified process control and standardized process control packages.Main design and process improvements include expansion joints for connection of scrubber to cooling stack,new type of droplet separator,advanced hood pressure control package,ID fan washing system,ID fan speed control system etc.The focus for wet type gas recovery systems is still on maximum safety and reliability.SVAI has also successfully improved the technological packages for converter gas recovery for wet type dedusting systems.The comparison between the two system shows the advantages of dry dedusting mainly being the lowest clean gas dust content, lower operating costs,easier handling for recycling of residuals and no need for a water treatment plants.Wet type dedusting has it’s main advantages in the simple process and operation of the system,the flexible layout solutions inside the steel shop as well as generally lower investment costs.An overview on the numerous reference installations for dry- and wet type dedusting systems in China as well as world wide is given.     

Influence of running water on the heat transfer in continuous casting

The influence of running water on spray water cooling is experimentally looked at with the aid of a stationary working experimental plant. The running water was fed separately to the sample from above as a defined water film by using a slot nozzle. In addition to the spray nozzle pre-pressure, the velocity of the running water at the slot nozzle exit and the temperature of the running water, the angle of inclination of the sample plane was also varied. By employing three different full cone spray nozzles and setting different nozzle distances, a range of 450 to 2000 l/(m²·min) of the water impingement density was covered. To estimate the marginal influences, samples of 20 × 20 mm as well as 30 × 30 mm were used. Studies of initially pure spray water cooling without the additional running water film revealed a dependency of the heat transfer on the spray water impingement density, the spray water velocity and also the angle of inclination of the sample plane. For nozzles with a low water impingement density, a superimposing of a running water film on the spray water revealed a sharp increase in the heat transfer coefficients compared to pure spray water cooling. For nozzles with a high water impingement density and, therefore, with a high heat transfer already even for pure spray water cooling, the increase of the heat transfer coefficient is minor.